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Biomedical subjects

E Alhan

Publications and source records attributed to E Alhan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of omega-3 fatty acids (omega3FA) on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats. The induction of ANP resulted in significant increases in mortality rate, intestinal permeability, bacterial infection in pancreas and extrapancreatic organs, and serum activity of urea and amylase, alanine transferase (ALT), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrotizing factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, tissue activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the pancreas and lung, and a considerable decrease of concentrations of calcium, protein and albumin. The use of omega3FA reduced mortality, phenol sulfophthalein excretion in urine, bacterial infection in pancreas, liver, spleen, MPO and MDA levels in pancreatic and lung tissue, LDH level in BAL fluid and serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha values. Serum triglyceride increased only in the omega3FA groups. Serum amylase, ALT, calcium, urea, protein, IL-1, and degree of pancreatic damage indicated no difference between the pancreatitis groups. Increased intestinal permeability and cytokine levels, and free radical damage play an important role during the course of acute pancreatitis. The treatment with omega3FA improves these effects. omega3FA may be useful in the treatment during ANP in rats. Therefore, it can be beneficial in patients with pancreatitis.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2006

Effects of lazaroid U-74389G on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of U-74389G on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats. The induction of ANP resulted in a significant increase in mortality rate, pancreatic necrosis, and serum levels of amylase, alanine aminotransferase, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and urea, in lactate dehydrogenase levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and in the activities of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde in pancreas and lung tissue; a significant decrease was observed in serum calcium levels, blood pressure, urine output, and pO(2). The use of U-74389G inhibited the changes in serum urea, pO(2), and tissue levels of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde in pancreas and lungs. Moreover, it indicated a limited effect on the course of ANP in the rats and did not reduce mortality and pancreatic damage. Therefore, it may be used in the treatment of lung injury during acute pancreatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Effects of melatonin on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of melatonin on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats. The induction of ANP resulted in significant increases in mortality rate, pancreatic necrosis and increased serum activity of amylase, alanine aspartate transferase (ALT), interleukin 6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, serum concentration of urea, tissue activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the pancreas and lung, and significant decrease of concentrations of calcium, blood pressure, urine output and pO (2). Melatonin inhibited the changes in blood pressure, urine output, pO (2), serum concentration of urea, and calcium, tissue activity of MPO and MDA in the pancreas and lung, LDH level in BAL fluid, and partially reduced serum activity of IL-6. Melatonin did not change serum activity of amylase, ALT, pancreatic damage and the mortality rate. The use of melatonin has a limited value on the course of ANP. It may be useful as a supportive treatment during ANP.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Effects of dopexamine on acute necrotising pancreatitis in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of dopexamine on pancreatic tissue oxygen tension (PtO2) and the extent of acinar injury in rats with acute necrotising pancreatitis DESIGN: Laboratory study. SETTING: Medical school, Turkey. ANIMALS: 68 Sprague Dawley rats. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cardiorespiratory measurements, pancreatic PtO2, effects on activity of serum amylase and concentration trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP). and histological picture. RESULTS: The four study groups (sham + saline, sham + dopexamine, acute pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis + dopexamine) were each divided into two; in 9 rats in each, pancreatic biochemistry was studied, and in the remaining 8 in each group serum biochemistry and histology were studied. The groups were comparable with regard to mean arterial pressure, heart rate, arterial blood gases, packed cell volume, and serum amylase activity. The use of dopexamine increased pancreatic PtO2 in the sham + dopexamine group without the important blood pressure changes. The induction of pancreatitis resulted in a significant reduction in pancreatic PtO2 in the pancreatitis groups. The use of dopexamine did not increase pancreatic PtO2. There were no significant differences in plasma TAP concentration and the extent of acinar cell injury in the animals in the pancreatitis groups. CONCLUSION: Treatment with dopexamine does not improve the pancreatic microcirculation or reduce the extent of acinar cell injury in acute necrotising pancreatitis and is therefore unlikely to be of benefit in patients with pancreatitis.

Amylases↗
PubMed1999

The effects of calcium channel blocker and thyrotropin releasing hormone on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of nimodipine, a calcium channel blocker (CCB) and thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats. CCB decreased blood pressure in rats in the control and pancreatitis groups. TRH corrected this decrease. CCB alone had no effect on PO2 serum amylase activity, calcium concentration, liver transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase or the degree of pancreatic damage, except for the serum concentration of creatinine. CCB+TRH reduced the concentrations of serum urea and creatinine, the degree of pancreatic damage, and increased PO2 and serum calcium concentration. CCB and CCB+TRH had no effect on pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity. CCB alone had no effect on the course of ANP, but CCB+TRH had beneficial effects on the course of the ANP and various systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Effects of octreotide on acute pancreatitis of varying severity in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To find out the effects of the octreotide on the course of acute pancreatitis in rats. DESIGN: Prospective laboratory study. SETTING: Medical school, Turkey ANIMALS: 184 Sprague-Dawley rats, 120 of which were randomly allocated into 8 groups of 15 each for the survival study, and the remainder of which were randomly allocated into 8 groups of 8 rats each for assessment of biochemical variables and histological score. INTERVENTIONS: The same 8 groups were used for the two parts of the study: saline alone (control), octreotide alone (control), oedematous pancreatitis induced by cerulein with and without octreotide, moderate pancreatitis induced by low-dose glycodeoxycholic acid and cerulein with and without octreotide, and severe pancreatitis induced by high-dose glycodeoxycholic acid and cerulein with and without octreotide. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality, results of biochemical tests, and histological score. RESULTS: No rats in the control groups died. Of those with oedematous pancreatitis 1 died that had not been given octreotide (7%) and 2 that had (13%). In the moderate pancreatitis groups 4 that had not been given octreotide died (27%) compared with one that had (7%). In the severe pancreatitis group 7 that had not had octreotide died (46%) compared with 6 that had (40%). Octreotide caused a reduction in serum amylase and lactate dehydrogenase activity in all groups, but reduced aspartate aminotransferase only in those rats with moderate pancreatitis. It prevented hypocalcaemia in rats with severe pancreatitis, but had no effect on serum electrolyte concentrations, alkaline phosphatase activity, or blood gas analyses. Rats with moderate pancreatitis that had been given octreotide had less tissue oedema, acinar necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. In those with severe pancreatitis there was less tissue oedema but more acinar necrosis. CONCLUSION: If octreotide is given early in the course of the disease it may result in improved outcome, but it seems to be ineffective in severe pancreatitis in which acinar necrosis is already established.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

The effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on acute necrotising pancreatitis in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the constitutive nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-Name) and the inducible NO synthase inhibitor amino ethyl-isothiourea (AE-ITU) on acute necrotising pancreatitis (ANP) in rats. DESIGN: Laboratory study. SETTING: Medical school, Turkey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morbidity, mortality, effects on activities of various enzymes, and histological picture. RESULTS: NO inhibitors increased the mortality (from 8/15, 53%, for ANP plus saline, to 12/15, 80%, for ANP plus L-Name, and 13/15, 87%, for ANP plus AE-ITU and serum amylase activity, but had no effects on serum calcium concentrations, volume of ascites, or degree of pancreatic damage. L-Name caused hypoglycemia, and AE-ITU reduced activities of lactate dehydrogenase and liver transaminases, and concentrations of urea and creatinine. CONCLUSIONS: Constitutive NO synthase inhibition worsens the course of ANP, and inducible NO inhibition has beneficial effects on various systems.

Amylases↗
PubMed1997

Hepatitis B and C virus infections in Turkish children with cancer.

In this study, we tested 137 Turkish children with cancer (51 with acute leukemia, 48 with lymphoma, 38 with solid tumors) while they were undergoing chemotherapy, and a control group of 45 for evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The control group included children with other disease who had applied to the outpatient clinic during the study period and had no history of jaundice or transfusion. Sixty-five (47.4%) patients with cancer and 7 (20%) children in the control group were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (p < 0.01). HBV DNA was detected in 59 (43.1%) patients and in 9 (20%) controls (p < 0.01). HCV specific antibody (anti-HCV) was detected in 8 (5.8%) patients and in 1 (2.2%) control (p > 0.05). Eight patients (5.8%) had circulating HCV RNA, but none had in the control group (p = 0.09). Ten (13.9%) of the 72 patients who were negative for HBsAg had circulating HBV DNA, and 7 (5.4%) of the 129 patients who were negative for anti-HCV had circulating HCV RNA. We concluded that HBV and HCV infections are common among Turkish children with cancer. In countries where HBV infection is widespread among the general population as in Turkey, children with cancer are under greater risk for HBV infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Hepatitis B and C virus infections in Turkish children with haemophilia.

We examined 41 Turkish children with haemophilia for evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hepatitis B surface antigen was found to be positive in 11 patients (26.8%) and HCV-specific antibody (anti-HCV) was detected in 10 (24.4%) patients. There was a close relationship of the number of transfusions of blood plasma to the presence of HCV specific antibody, but not to the serum markers of HBV infection. In countries where HBV infection is commonly seen and problems in transfusion practice continue, as in Turkey, children with haemophilia are at greater risk for HBV and HCV infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effects of total parenteral nutrition using a solution enriched with branched-chain amino acids on experimental pancreatitis in rats.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of total parenteral nutrition enriched with branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on acute pancreatitis (AP) induced by sodium taurocholate in rats. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) increased the survival rate and serum calcium, and reduced serum urea, liver transaminase, acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, but it did not change the degree of pancreatic damage or serum amylase. Total plasma amino acid concentration and the concentrations of glutamate, glycine, alanine, taurine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalarine increased significantly after the induction of AP, but there was no difference between the control and therapy groups. Hyperglycemia occurred during the use of TPN. BCAA-enriched TPN can be used in the treatment of AP with few side effects.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1995

Epidemiology of meningococcal infections in children in mid-southern part of Turkey.

59 patients were treated for meningococcal infections in Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 50.8% of patients were male, 33.9% were under two years of age and 61% were under five. 78% of patients were admitted to hospital in winter and spring time. Meningococcal meningitis (MM) was present in 39% of patients on admission, however, meningococcemia in 27.1% and meningococcemia and meningococcic meningitis (Meningococcemia + MM) in 33.9%. Fatality rate was 18.6% and no association was found between mortality and clinical type of disease (p > 0.05), but mortality ratio decreased with an increasing age (p < 0.01). No deaths occurred among the 12 patients who received i.v. penicillin treatment shortly before admitting to hospital, on the other hand 11 of 47 patients (23.4%) without such a previous treatment died.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Influence of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on experimental pancreatitis in rats.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of thyroid releasing hormone on acute sodium-taurocholate-induced pancreatitis in rats. Thyroid-releasing hormone did not change the survival rate, serum amylase, glucose calcium, liver transaminases levels or the degree of pancreatic damage, but reduced lactate dehydrogenase. Our findings suggest that the use of thyroid-releasing hormone has no beneficial effect on the course of acute experimental pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Clinical features of Bardet-Biedl syndrome.

Six patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome who have been followed in our clinics for the last 5 years are reported in this study. Of the five classic features of this syndrome; obesity and mental retardation were present in all cases, retinal disturbances were present in five, polydactyly in three and hypogenitalism was observed in all four male patients. Renal involvement, often suggested as a cardinal feature of this syndrome, was described in two patients. Iron deficiency anemia occurred in three patients, two patients were of short stature, one patient presented with an empty sella, and in two patients clinodactyly was detected. The results are compared to previously published literature and discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Suprasellar tuberculoma causing endocrinologic disorders and imitating craniopharyngioma.

A patient is reported with a suprasellar tuberculoma which imitated a craniopharyngioma on computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. This lesion developed during irregularly used antituberculous therapy and caused endocrinologic disorders 3 years after the original diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Surgery was performed to confirm the diagnosis and also to decompress the optic pathways. Five months later, the lesion disappeared completely after appropriate antituberculous treatment.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1995

Solitary extramedullary plasmocytoma of the breast with kappa monoclonal gammopathy.

We report a case of solitary extramedullary plasmocytoma of the breast in a 85 year old woman. This is the third case of solitary breast plasmocytoma in the world's literature. This disorder is very rare and it was associated with a serum monoclonal protein. A similar case is presented and its clinical presentation and pathology discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Effect of sucralfate on gastric emptying and mucus under stress in rats.

The effect of sucralfate on gastric emptying, gastric mucus production, and ulcer formation in cold-restraint rats was studied. The rats were treated with sucralfate in doses of 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. Sucralfate prevented ulcer formation dose dependently. This effect was maximum at doses of 500 mg/kg (P < 0.001). Administration of sucralfate lowered the increased gastric emptying rate and increased gastric mucus production. This effect was not dose dependent. It was found that the ulcer-preventive effect of sucralfate was due to a lowered gastric emptying rate and increased mucus production in addition to other mechanisms.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1994

The intrabiliary rupture of hydatid cyst of the liver.

The intrabiliary rupture of hydatid cyst of the liver is a severe and relatively frequent complication. In this study six similar cases are presented. 4 of the cases had hydatid cyst surgery before the admission. The obstructive jaundice, cholangitis and unclosed bile fistula are the most frequent clinical findings. Ultrasound is very useful for the diagnosis. In the cases of space occupying lesions of the liver with wide choledochus (1.1 cm >) the intrabiliary rupture of hydatid cyst can be suspected by ultrasonographic examinations. Surgical therapy as the capitonnage combined with the resection of the projecting dome of the cyst and T tube application remains a method which gives good results and has low mortality and morbidity.

Adult↗