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Biomedical subjects

E Alhan

Publications and source records attributed to E Alhan.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Tuberculous meningitis in children.

Between May 1988 and November 1992 the data from 52 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) were noted down for their symptoms and signs, BCG vaccines, PPD tests; clinical, laboratory, radiologic and microbiologic findings. These data were discussed by means of literature knowledge. Cranial computed tomography (CT) demonstrated hydrocephalus (HC) in 98% of the patients. There was a statistically significant difference among the clinical stages on admission in respect to prognosis (P < 0.05). In addition, there was also a significant relationship between prognosis and HC (P < 0.05). However, we did not find any significant relationship between parenchymal involvement, basilar meningitis and prognosis (P > 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The influence of early total parenteral nutrition on experimental pancreatitis in rats.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of early total parenteral nutrition on acute sodium-taurocholate-induced pancreatitis in rats. Total parenteral nutrition did not change the survival rate, serum amylase, calcium or liver transaminase level on the degree of pancreatic damage, but reduced serum acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Hyperglycemia occurred during the use of total parenteral nutrition. Total parenteral nutrition is not harmful in the course of acute experimental pancreatitis, and could be used with few side effects.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

The management of enterocutaneous fistulas with parenteral hyperalimentation.

During a period of nine years, all patients with enterocutaneous fistula who received parenteral nutrition as part of therapy were evaluated retrospectively. Twenty-three patients were studied. Peptic ulcer was the most common primary disease, with the fistula arising in 78 percent of the cases from the breakdown of an anastomosis and in the remainder from a direct trauma to the bowel. The most common site of the fistulas was the ileum followed by the duodenum. All the patients were treated conservatively with total bowel rest and parenteral nutrition, and in 56.5 percent of the cases spontaneous closure occurred within an average of 29.6 days. In five patients, the fistula failed to close, and surgery was performed. The mean surgical closure time overall 36.4 days, but this varied from 20.8 days for the duodenum to 39 days for the jejunum and ileum, and 19.7 days for the large intestine. Five patients (22.7%) died, four from sepsis, the fifth from systemic malignancy. Mortality was related to the location and output of the fistula, with jejuno-ileal high-output fistulas in particular figuring prominently in the mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Volvulus of the sigmoid colon.

Between 1983 and 1986, 18 patients with colonic volvulus (94.4% sigmoid, 5.6% caecal) were seen at Karadeniz Medical Faculty. There were 11 male and 7 female patients, with a mean age of 68 years. In 66.6% and 22.2% of patients respectively a palliative procedure or a Hartmann operation were performed. The recurrence rate in the palliative group was 30%. The mortality rate for all patients with volvulus was 16.8%. The palliative procedures were successful in patients in good general condition and without bowel necrosis, whereas the Hartmann operation gave successful results in patients with bowel necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The effect of naloxone in the prevention of experimental stress ulcers in rats.

In this study, the effect of naloxone in the prevention of experimental stress ulcers was investigated. A prophylactic effect of naloxone on stress ulcer formation was not observed. On the contrary, naloxone increased the gastric lesion score. Naloxone did neither decrease gastric acidity in stress nor in non-stress conditions. Under non-stress conditions naloxone did not change gastric mucosal barrier by reducing Na+ and K+ ion concentrations of the gastric secretion. Under stress conditions the barrier could not be maintained. Naloxone decreased gastric mucus production under stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Rupture of a choledochal cyst during postpartum period.

A 25 year old female was operated on three times due to a choledochal cyst rupture occurring on the 6th postpartum day. In the last operation, a hepaticojejunostomy with Braun's anastomosis was performed and a temporary internal stent was applied. The internal stent was removed on the 70th postoperative day. The patient is still living with the risk of secondary biliary cirrhosis and cholangitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Prevention of wound infection in elective colon surgery by the use of systemic ceftriaxone and ornidazole].

In this study prophylactic effects of ceftriaxone and ornidazole on the patients undergoing elective colon surgery was studied in the surgical clinics, Medical Faculty of Karadeniz Technical University. Colon cleaning with Nichol's method was performed in all cases. But kanamycin and metronidazole were given instead of erythromycin and metronidazole. One hour before the operation ceftriaxone 1 gr. and ornidazole 500 mg. (IV, IM) were administered. Those antibiotics were followed by ceftriaxone 2 gr. daily and ornidazole 1 gr. daily (IV, IM) three days after operation. The wound infection were observed in the postoperative period (5%). The average hospitalization time of the cases were 12 days. This period was 18 days and 21 days in the cases having infection. Side effects related the drugs were not observed and there were no significant laboratory changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of combined nutritional therapy on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats in the early phase of the disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a small amount of enteral nutrition along with parenteral nutrition on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats in the early phase of disease. The induction of ANP resulted in a significant increase in mortality rate, intestinal permeability, bacterial infection in the pancreas and extrapancreatic organs, pancreatic necrosis and serum activity of urea and amylase, and a significant decrease in concentrations of calcium, protein and albumin. But no difference was observed between the pancreatitis groups. Significant hyperglycemia and increased liver transaminase activity were observed in rats treated with combined nutritional therapy (CNT). CNT did not improve the course of acute pancreatitis, intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, or reduce the extent of acinar cell injury in ANP and is therefore unlikely to be of benefit in patients with pancreatitis in the early period.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections in children.

Infections of cerebrospinal fluid shunts continue to be a substantial source of mortality and morbidity in children with hydrocephalus. Although several therapeutic modalities are currently used for the treatment of shunt infections, there are no clear guidelines for treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the common pathogens of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections and evaluate the success of our management. Thirty-five children treated for ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections over the past 9 years were reviewed. The management protocol consisted of the removal of the infected shunt, the application of ventricular taps or reservoir placement, intraventricular antibiotic treatment, and the placement of a new shunt when cerebrospinal fluid sterility was achieved. Four patients were treated with antibiotics alone. Most episodes occurred within 4 months of shunt placement. The most common causative microorganism identified was Staphylococcus epidermidis, followed by S. aureus, and S. warneri. Three patients died from complications of shunt infections, 2 patients had a recurrent shunt infection, while the remaining 29 patients remained free from shunt-related complications. In agreement with the evidence published in the literature, our findings suggest that the above management protocol is effective for the treatment of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats. The induction of ANP resulted in significant increase in mortality rate, pancreatic necrosis and serum activity of amylase, alanine aspartate transferase (ALT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, serum concentration of urea, tissue activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the pancreas and lung, and significant decrease of concentrations of calcium, blood pressure, urine output and pO(2). The use of NAC inhibited the changes in urine output, pO(2), tissue activity of MPO and MDA in pancreas and lungs, and the serum activity of IL-6, ALT, and serum concentrations of urea and calcium. NAC reduced the mortality and pancreatic damage. The use of NAC has a beneficial effect on the course of ANP in rats. It may be used in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraductal papilloma and papillomatosis.

The benign papillary neoplasms of the breast are still controversial topics in general surgery. There are two forms of the benign papillary lesions, solitary intraductal papilloma and multiple intraductal papilloma. These disorders are very rare and their clinical behaviour is different in each case. In this study, two cases of the multiple intraductal papilloma are presented and clinical findings and surgical therapy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the simple ligation and ligation inversion of the appendiceal stump after appendectomy.

In this article, we present 80 noncomplicated acute appendicitis that we operated. The patients was separated into two groups. The first group, appendiceal stump was tied and dropped in abdominal cavity in 40 cases and second group, it was tied and inverted into the cecum in the other 40 cases. The cases were observed in the postoperative period concerning intraabdominal abscess, brid ileus, incisional wound infection and hospitalization duration. No significant difference has been found between these two groups.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complicated marginal ulcers after surgery for duodenal ulcer.

During a period of 10 years, 10 cases of marginal ulcer (MU) after surgery for duodenal ulcer were evaluated retrospectively. The most common cause of MU was inadequate gastric resection plus incomplete vagotomy; the second common cause was incomplete vagotomy. In one case, the MU could be ascribed to malignant gastrinoma. In eight of the ten cases epigastric pain was a major symptom. MU was complicated with perforation, massive bleeding, gastrojejunocolic fistula and afferent loop obstruction in 2, 2, 2, and 1 cases, respectively. Gastroscopy was very useful for the diagnosis except in emergency cases. Hollander test was used in six of the 10 patients to evaluate if the vagotomy had been complete. The mean acid output by insulin induction was found 32 meq/h. As a surgical therapy, total gastrectomy (2 cases), truncal vagotomy (2 cases), truncal vagotomy plus 60% gastric resection or reresection and Roux Y gastrojejunostomy were performed. Postoperative complications (enterocutaneous fistula, intraabdominal abscess and delayed gastric emptying) occurred in 33 patients. One patient was lost after total gastrectomy in the malignant gastrinoma and gastrojejunocolic fistula case, due to sepsis. The patients were followed up for 4.4 years on the average. No recurrence was seen.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracerebral tuberculoma in children with tuberculous meningitis.

Not all patients with tuberculosis develop tuberculoma during the disease or antituberculous therapy. Therefore, we compared various parameters in patients with and without tuberculoma and presented the results. We formed two groups from the patients with tuberculous meningitis: Group I consisted of 18 patients with tuberculoma, and Group II consisted of 18 randomly selected patients without tuberculoma. Significant difference between the groups was found with respect to level of consciousness and CSF-glucose level (p < 0.05). The consciousness level was more depressed and the CSF-glucose level more decreased in the group without tuberculoma. These findings were discussed.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complications of 867 thyroidectomies performed in a region of endemic goiter in Turkey.

This article aims to define the incidence of complications in 867 thyroidectomies performed by residents with attending surgeons' supervision as part of a training programme, in a region of endemic goiter. Seven hundred and nine patients were female and 158 were male. The age of the patients ranged between 6 and 76 and mean age was 32.5. Cases were divided into two groups according to their disease nature. Group 1 included 805 patients with nodular colloidal goiter (NCG) and adenomas. The remaining 62 cases, 25 with recurrence of goiter (RG), 21 with thyroid malignancy (TM) and 16 with thyroiditis formed group 2. While the overall complication rate was 11.3% (93 cases) in group 1, it was 20.9% (13 cases) in group 2. The mortality rate was zero in both groups. The incidence of complications of 867 thyroidectomies performed by residents with the attending surgeons' supervision was within acceptable limits especially as far as group 1 was concerned. However we suggested that attending surgeons themselves, disregarding residents training, should perform the operation in special cases such as recurrent goiters, thyroid carcinomas with positive regional lymph nodes and thyroiditis with regional adhesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of variously performed vagotomies on gastric secretion and gastric emptying in rats.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of (i) truncal vagotomy + pyloroplasty, (ii) proximal cell vagotomy and (iii) anterior proximal cell vagotomy + posterior truncal vagotomy on the gastric secretion and gastric emptying in rats. After vagotomy basal and 2-deoxy-glucose stimulated gastric secretion decreased significantly in all three vagotomy groups. Gastric secretion on the other hand was significantly higher in the proximal cell vagotomy group than on the other vagotomy groups. The rate of gastric emptying in proximal cell vagotomy and anterior proximal cell vagotomy + posterior truncal vagotomy groups was delayed. The best results were found in the truncal vagotomy + pyloroplasty group when the gastric secretion and the rats of gastric emptying are concerned.

Animals↗