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Biomedical subjects

E Avrahami

Publications and source records attributed to E Avrahami.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with complex partial seizures and normal computerized tomography (CT) scan.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was performed in 18 patients with complex partial seizures (CPS) of long duration, who had normal computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the brain. Small MRI abnormalities correlating with the location of the epileptogenic focus in the EEG were demonstrated in 4 cases. The findings with strong signals were better demonstrated in the coronal view with longer time to echo (TE). In one patient, a lower signal lesion was documented, which was better visualized in the axial view with shorter TE. Patients with CPS should be subjected to MRI examinations with coronal and sagittal planes, using short and long TE in each slice. This method minimizes the chance for missing pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Focal epileptic activity following intravenous contrast material injection in patients with metastatic brain disease.

Four patients with metastatic brain disease were referred for computed tomographic (CT) examination with contrast material injection. Within 2 to 4 minutes after the intravenous administration of water soluble contrast agent, focal epileptic activity occurred. The seizures became generalised in two of the patients who later died following status epilepticus. In the other two patients the focal seizures correlated with the localisation of the metastatic mass lesions. None of the patients had a previous history of epilepsy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Computed tomographic findings of brain and skull in myotonic dystrophy.

Twenty-four patients with myotonic dystrophy underwent computed tomographic examination of the skull and brain. The results were compared with those of 20 normal subjects of similar age and sex distribution. Microcephaly and thickening of the calvarium were frequently observed. Some cases showed basal ganglia calcification. Our findings confirm that cranial hyperostosis and brain pathology is a common manifestation of this systemic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Multiple osteonecrotic lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus.

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed osteonecrosis in 13 sites is presented. Most lesions occurred while corticosteroid dose was increased during disease exacerbations. Pathogenetic mechanisms are reviewed and possible simulation of polysynovitis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Computerized tomography, clinical and X-ray correlations in the hemisacralized fifth lumbar vertebra.

One hundred and twenty patients with hemisacralization of the L5 vertebra associated with LBP underwent clinical, conventional X-ray and CT examinations. More than 50% of the patients had scoliosis. One third of the patients had disc lesions. Sacroiliac joint sclerosis was noted in two thirds of the cases. Almost all patients had an articulation between the hemisacralized side of L5 and the sacrum, which usually showed degenerative changes. Clinical symptoms are correlated to the CT and X-ray findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporo-mandibular joint and meniscus dislocation.

A preliminary study of the temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. Ten asymptomatic volunteers with no clinical history of TMJ disorder and five patients with a recent history of trauma to the TMJ were examined using a special surface coil. The meniscus, which is only slightly brighter than the surrounding tissue, gave a high signal and was demonstrated very clearly in its normal position in the controls and shown to be dislocated in the post-trauma cases. Four criteria for identification of the temporo-mandibular meniscus were established in the normal cases and compared with the findings in the pathological cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Computerized tomographic findings in the temporomandibular joint in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Three male patients with psoriatic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were evaluated by computerized tomography (CT). Only one patient showed changes of the mandibular condyle on the panoramic view, which failed to show the condition in the other 2 patients. All 3 had normal conventional radiographs of the affected TMJ. In all 3 cases the high resolution CT scan demonstrated significant changes of the mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa, which were consistent with the clinical diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis of the TMJ.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Computerized tomographic demonstration of intraorbital bone fragments caused by penetrating trauma.

Three patients with fragments of bones lodged in the orbit from apparently non-penetrating trauma, associated with cranio-cerebral injury, are reported. In all three cases the initial symptoms and signs of intraorbital or retrobulbar injury were minimal. The bone fragments were not demonstrable on plain x-ray films of the skull but were clearly shown on computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the orbit. They could easily have been overlooked had reliance been placed on plain x-ray films alone. In patients with suspected non-penetrating orbital trauma, axial and coronal CT views of the orbit are recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Computed tomographic demonstration of brain changes in incontinentia pigmenti.

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare condition, which may involve the central nervous system. Computed tomographic (CT) examination can supply important information about the dynamics and pathologic nature of this poorly understood syndrome. Two patients suffering from incontinentia pigmenti were examined by CT because of central nervous system symptoms. Large low-density areas in the brain were demonstrated in the CT examination of the first patient a few days after birth, suggesting a local edema. Diffuse brain atrophy was found two years later. Brain atrophy was also found in the second patient in a CT examination done at the age of 11 years.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1984

CT pneumomeatography in the diagnosis of small acoustic neuromas.

The introduction of a small quantity of air by lumbar puncture in the lateral decubitus position followed by high-resolution computerized tomography (CT) scanning is a simple method allowing optimal visualization of the cerebellopontine angle cistern and the internal auditory meatus. Our experience with 37 CT pneumomeatographies in 22 patients who had clinical and audiometric findings suggestive of retrocochlear lesions is presented. Thirty-two examinations were normal, and 5 revealed small acoustic neuromas. In all cases, conventional X-rays, multidirectional tomography and contrast CT were nonconclusive. We advocate that CT pneumomeatography be the procedure of choice in the diagnosis of purely intracanalicular or very small extracanalicular acoustic neuromas.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography demonstration of brain damage due to acute sodium monofluoroacetate poisoning.

The case reported developed an acute brain syndrome, including cerebellar signs, shortly after the ingestion of sodium monofluoroacetate. After insiduous improvement of the clinical symptoms, the patient remained with an "end-stage" cerebellar ataxia for 18 months following the acute intoxication. The development of brain atrophy, proven by computed tomography, is considered to represent a direct influence of sodium monofluoroacetate on the brain and to reflect the unique disturbances in cellular metabolism of glucose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[The problem of postmyelography headaches].

Sixty-eight patients were studied and observed before and after a myelography. Thirty-five patients complained of headache as soon as contrast material drops penetrated the great cystern. Twenty-two patients in whom the contrast material reached the region of the sella turcica complained immediately about headache as soon as the material was seen there. Twelve patients complained about headache for six months and more following the myelography. These patients showed remnants of contrast material in the hypophyseal region. The cause of these headaches possibly is the irritation of the greater blood vessels, such as the carotid and basilar arteries. To avoid massive penetration of contrast material into the skull, it is suggested that lateral x-ray films be performed while the patient lies on his side and not prone.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Radiographic isodense subdural hematomas in computerized tomography].

Report on three patients in whom computer tomography (CT) revealed an isodense subdural hematoma. One patient had a CT scan 24 hours, the other 3 weeks and the third 3 months after the appearance of clinical symptoms. It is therefore impossible to predict at what stage a subdural hematoma will appear isodense in the CT. The criteria for identification of isodense subdural hematoma are reviewed.

Aged↗