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Biomedical subjects

E Bostofte

Publications and source records attributed to E Bostofte.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Episiotomy repair--immediate and long-term sequelae. A prospective randomized study of three different methods of repair.

Three methods of episiotomy repair were randomly assigned after 900 consecutive deliveries. The three procedures were: (1) continuous No. 00-plain catgut in the vagina; No. 00-plain catgut interrupted stitches in the perineal muscles and fascia, and No. 00-nylon interrupted stitches in the skin. (2) The same technique as in (1), but with No. 0-polyglycolic acid (Dexon) in all layers. (3) The suture material as in (2), but used with a subcuticular technique. The women treated with method 3 reported statistically significant less pain and disabilities in the early puerperium. Three months after delivery 262 women (33%) still had perineal complaints which could be directly related to the episiotomy in 25% (8% of total number). The group treated with method 3 had the best long-term results and we conclude that the subcuticular technique using polyglycolic acid should be the method of choice.

Catgut↗
PubMed1985

Transperineal fine needle biopsy of gynecological tumors guided by transrectal ultrasound: a new method.

Six patients had transperineal fine needle biopsy of a pelvic mass performed guided by transrectal ultrasound. Five patients following treatment for gynecological cancer with inconclusive gynecological palpation had a transrectal ultrasound examination performed because abdominal ultrasound did not disclose abnormality. One patient with low back pain had a pelvic mass disclosed with abdominal ultrasound and was referred to transrectal ultrasound for biopsy. In all cases a pelvic lesion was visualized with transrectal ultrasound and transperineal fine needle biopsy was performed. In five cases sufficient material for cytological as well as histological evaluation was obtained showing malignant disease. In one case only necrotic tissue was obtained and subsequent operation disclosed inflammatory changes. It is concluded that transrectal ultrasound combined with transperineal biopsy is a valuable diagnostic tool in the follow-up of patients treated for gynecological cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

The clinical value of morphological rating of human spermatozoa.

The clinical fertility of 1,077 men whose semen had been analyzed between 1950 and 1952, in terms of types of abnormal spermatozoa morphology according to the Hammen system with 14 types, was studied 20 years later by means of a questionnaire (785 replies i.e., 72.9%). There was a significant difference (P less than or equal to 0.01) between couples who obtained living children and the couples who did not, expressed as the mean percentages of spermatozoa with narrow heads, round heads, amorphous heads, irregular heads, abortive forms, double forms, staining abnormalities and vacuoles. The same tendency was found for piriform heads, small heads, belted heads and various rare heads. Giant head showed no difference, and pinhead was not represented. Piriform heads and narrow heads increased significantly more than the other types (P less than or equal to 0.01) with increasing total number of abnormal spermatozoa. There was no relation between any abnormal type and abortions and otherwise abnormal pregnancies. Detection of types of abnormal spermatozoa morphology does not seem to improve semen analysis in terms of predicting chance of pregnancy, and we prefer to use the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa, the inverse expression of abnormal spermatozoal morphology as a total, for routine semen analysis.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1984

Interrelations among the characteristics of human semen, and a new system for classification of male infertility.

The clinical fertility of 1077 men who underwent semen analysis during the years 1950 to 1952 was studied 20 years later using questionnaires returned by 785 men (72.9%). Decreasing fertility was correlated with decreasing sperm count (P less than 0.01), with increasing numbers of immobile sperm (P less than 0.01), with poorer motility (P less than 0.01), and with increasing numbers of morphologically abnormal sperm (P less than 0.01). The characteristics mentioned were all interrelated (P less than 0.01), with correlation coefficients from 0.36 to 0.67. A new system for classification of male fertility potential is elaborated, using a combination of the four characteristics. This system expresses the fertility of the man and the couple as a percentage of the chance of obtaining living children.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Has the fertility of Danish men declined through the years in terms of semen quality? A comparison of semen qualities between 1952 and 1972.

The semen analysis of 1,077 men examined in 1952 was compared with the semen analysis of 1,000 men examined in 1972 in order to assess if fertility in Danish men has declined during the period. The men on both occasions were examined because of a fertility problem. In 1952 6.2% of the men had azoospermia compared with 3.9% in 1972 (P less than 0.05). Between 1952 and 1972 there was a fall in sperm count (P less than 0.01, median 73.4, and 54.5 mill/ml), a deterioration in spermatozoa motility (P less than 0.001), an increase in number of abnormal spermatozoa (P less than 0.01, median 26.0%, and 44.8%), and a deterioration in fertility class according to the Hammen system (P less than 0.001). Semen volume and number of immobile spermatozoa did not change. This study of Danish men, like studies from other industrialized countries, indicates a fall in semen quality and male fertility since the early fifties.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Relation between sperm count and semen volume, and pregnancies obtained during a twenty-year follow-up period.

The clinical fertility of 1077 men investigated with sperm analysis including sperm count and semen volume during the years 1950-52 was studied 20 years later using a questionnaire, replied by 785 (72.9%). There was a significant correlation (P less than 0.01) between sperm count and number of living children, but no relation to abortions and pathological pregnancies. Furthermore, sperm count was correlated (P less than 0.01) to time interval from wish of pregnancy to pregnancy obtained. Of 53 men with sperm count less than or equal to 5 mill/ml 22.6% obtained living children compared with 52.2-63.1% living children in 730 men with sperm count greater than 5 mill/ml. Sperm count is concluded to be proper for fertility classification, and sperm count 5 mill/ml is found to be the clinically significant borderline of male infertility. There was no relation between semen volume and pregnancies obtained, however, there was a statistical relation (P less than 0.01) to time interval to pregnancy obtained. Semen volume is concluded not to be suited for fertility classification.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1982

Relation between morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and pregnancies obtained during a twenty-year follow-up period.

The clinical fertility of 1077 men investigated with semen analysis including detection of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa during the years 1950-52 was studied 20 years later using a questionnaire replied to by 785 (72.9%). There was a significant correlation (P less than 0.01) between increasing number of abnormal spermatozoa and decreasing chance of getting living children, but no relation to abortions and pathological pregnancies. Moreover, there was a significant correlation (P less than 0.01) to time-interval to first pregnancy. Median values for those obtaining living children was 25% abnormal spermatozoa compared with 28% for those not doing so. Up to 60% abnormal spermatozoa, fertility was not reduced, and the borderline between normal and reduced male fertility is therefore defined to be 60% morphologically abnormal spermatozoa.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1981

Hammen semen quality classification and pregnancies obtained during a twenty-year follow-up period.

The Hammen semen quality classification system is a fertility index with six qualities based on sperm count, assessment of sperm motility, number of immotile spermatozoa, number of abnormal sperm heads, and sperm viability. It was developed by Hammen during the 1940s. In the present study, the fertility of 1077 men classified during the years 1950 to 1952 was assessed after 20 years. There were significant correlations between those obtaining living children (P less than 0.01) and those with good semen quality, and between number of children obtained (P less than 0.001) and good semen quality. Moreover, the time interval between attempts to impregnate and obtainment of pregnancy was correlated (P less than 0.01). It is concluded that the Hammen semen classification system is suitable for assessing male clinical fertility.

Classification↗
PubMed1981

Urological complications of Okabayashi's operation for cervical cancer.

It has been suggested that the Okabayashi technique for radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer results in fewer urological complications as compared with the Wertheim-Meigs technique. Of 479 women with cervical cancer operated on consecutively during the period 1963 to 1978 by the Okabayashi operation, 52 (10.8 per cent) had urological complications (17 bladder and ureter injuries, 35 fistulae and strictures). Thirty-five elective urological operations were required (Table IV). Operative mortality related to urological complications was 1/479. Compared with an earlier series of 397 women operated on in our department, mainly by the Wertheim-Meigs operation, the Okabayashi operation did not result in significantly fewer urological complications. However, because of technical advantages and possible better radicality the Okabayashi operation for cervical cancer is still preferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Influence of 2 mg estradiol-17 beta on circulating FSH, LH, total and unconjugated estradiol levels in post-menopausal women.

The 24-hour variation in total and unconjugated serum estradiol-17 beta as well as the daily variation in one-hour serum concentration values of FSH and LH have been examined in 9 post-menopausal women given 2 mg tablets of estradiol-17 beta daily for 14 days. The tablets were manufactured according to a new dispersion method aiming at producing essentially smaller crystals, thereby enhancing the bioavailability of the estradiol-17 beta. In comparison with other preparations, this one provides a more rapid absorption, reaching peak effect after only 1 or 2 hours and presenting a higher peak than has been found with any of the others. The elimination from serum combines a rapid initial phase followed by a very slow one. Thus serum levels of estradiol-17 beta 24 hours after administration are significantly higher than the levels measured before administration of the first tablet. A rather small but significant reduction in serum LH and FSH was observed on the third and subsequent treatment days.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Termination of midtrimester pregnancies induced by hypertonic saline and prostaglandin F2 alpha 116 consecutive cases.

In 116 patients, abortion was induced in midtrimester by intra-amniotic administration of 20% hypertonic saline and 25 mg prostaglandin F2 alpha. Within 60 hours 113 aborted (success rate 97.4%). Of these 68.1% had aborted within 24 hours and 92.9% within 48 hours. Thirteen patients who had not aborted within 24 or 48 hours were treated with oxytocin drip. It is concluded that the combination studied is an effective abortifacient in midtrimester and that the injection-abortion time is reasonable, the great majority aborting within 48 hours. No live fetuses were delivered, and the complication rate was acceptable.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

Effectivity and acceptability of oral contraceptives containing natural and artificial estrogens in combination with a gestagen. A controlled double-blind investigation.

With the purpose of investigating effectivity and acceptability of an oral contraceptive containing micronized natural estrogens (estradiol-17 beta 4 mg + estriol 2 mg/norethisterone acetate 3 mg per tablet) versus a contraceptive containing artificial estrogen (ethinyl estradiol 50 micrograms/ norethisterone acetate 3 mg per tablet), a controlled double-blind investigation was performed in 111 young women. The investigation was designed for 12 cycles. The tablets were given consecutively for 3 weeks with 1 week's interruption. In the natural estrogen group 57 women completed 504 cycles, in the artificial estrogen group 54 women completed 510 cycles (Table 1). No pregnancies occurred. There were highly significantly more terminations due to bleeding irregularities (p less than 0.001), and highly significantly more spotting (p less than 0.001), breakthrough (p less than 0.001) and amenorrhea (p less than 0.001) episodes in the natural estrogen group (Tables II and III). Bleeding irregularities on natural estrogens did not subside during the trial (Table IV). There were a few more psychiatric and CNS symptoms on natural estrogen (p less than 0.05), but other side effects did not differ between the two preparations (Table V). Blood pressure and weight did not vary significantly. Despite documented metabolic advantages, the natural estrogen tablet investigated was not found to be clinically acceptable for general usage because of the high incidence of bleeding irregularities. It is conceivable that a change of the estrogen/gestagen ratio, using a variable 3-week schedule, would reduce the number of bleeding irregularities.

Adolescent↗