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Biomedical subjects

E Chelo

Publications and source records attributed to E Chelo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Anti-sperm antibodies in dysspermia in spinal cord injury patients].

A relatively uninvestigated area of reproductive physiology is the changes of sperm quality in the anejaculatory man. The retention of sperm cells may result in increased pressure in the genital tract, initiating an autoimmune response to sperm as seen in cases of congenital absence of the vas deferens and vasectomy. Reports on this matter are very contradictory. We evaluated antisperm antibodies in two groups of anejaculatory men with SCI. In the first group of 16 patients there was no clinical and laboratory urogenital infection. In the second group of 13 patients there was clinical and laboratory evidence for urogenital infection. Sperm antibodies were found in 12% of the patients of the first group and in 38% of the patients of the second group.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

Reproductive aspects in spinal cord injured males.

Infertility in paraplegic males is determined by two major factors: (1) most patients with spinal cord lesions cannot ejaculate, and (2) if ejaculation is possible, then the features of the semen are constantly abnormal. Various methods have been proposed to stimulate the ejaculatory reflex in paraplegics. From 1983 we have used for this purpose a simple vibrator applied to the penis and with this method the ejaculatory response was obtained in 72 of 102 patients treated. Fifteen patients who desired a child, received instruction in self-using the vibrator at home weekly. Sperm characteristics were evaluated (mean of two samples) before and after 3 months of self-use of the vibrator. Statistical evaluation of the results was performed with Student t-test. At the end of the treatment an improvement of sperm concentration and progressive motility was evident, but the result of highest statistical significance was the decrease of abnormal sperm morphology. Three couples obtained a pregnancy with AIH.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunoassayable somatomedin C in seminal plasma of azoospermic men.

Somatomedin C is a Sertoli cell peptide and since measurements of other Sertoli cell products in semen have provided a useful indices of testicular function, it was considered pertinent to measure the semen levels of Somatomedin C. Somatomedin C was measured by RIA in seminal plasma of vasectomized subjects (n = 18), subjects with agenesis of the seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia (n = 6) and subjects with azoospermia resulting from seminiferous tubule damage without obstruction (n = 23). Normal fertile subjects (24 men with a sperm concentration greater than 20 X 10(6)/ml) were used as controls. In all subjects, seminal levels of transferrin were also measured as an index of Sertoli cell function. The majority of seminal Somatomedin C appears to derive from the testis and/or epididymis. However, in several normal controls seminal levels of Somatomedin C (median = 3.52; range = 1.10-15.67 U/ejaculate) were found to be within the range for vasectomized subjects (median = 0.78; range = 0.46-4.20 U/ejaculate). In subjects with azoospermia the seminal levels of Somatomedin C (median = 2.06; range = 0.60-10.12 U/ejaculate) were significantly lower (P less than 0.02) than in fertile controls. However, values for these two groups overlapped. It is concluded that Somatomedin C in semen is not a reliable index of seminiferous tubule function and does not appear to be of diagnostic value in male infertility.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Analysis of the action of corticosteroid treatment in immunologic infertility: a preliminary report and an alternative hypothesis.

The presence of sperm antibodies can be demonstrated in 8-10% of the male partners of infertile couples. The therapeutic schedule with which the highest pregnancy rate has been obtained in these cases is that proposed by Shulman, which uses methylprednisolone (MP). If treatment with corticosteroids (CS) is effective, the way in which it acts is not entirely clear. In this study we report the results of 16 treatment cycles with CS administered to eight male patients having sperm antibodies in their serum, in which several parameters of humoral immunity were evaluated. The results are conflicting: several parameters (such as IgG concentration) underwent only slight variations after 7 days of therapy, whereas in 12 cycles out of 16, the Tray agglutination test (TAT) indicated that a reduction or disappearance of the antibodies had been obtained. This confirms the usefulness of CS in immunological infertility, and allows us to hypothesize that the beneficial effect may be found in a reduction of inflammation rather than in a suppression of the immunological response, since CS are well known to have these two kinds of effect.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1985

Tamoxifen and oligospermia.

Thirty normogonadotropic oligospermic males were administered Tamoxifen (20 mg/day) for 4 months. A complete evaluation of seminal parameters before and after treatment was performed. An increase of both mean sperm concentration and total sperm count was noted after treatment with Tamoxifen (p less than 0.05), whereas no variation was observed for semen volume, sperm morphologic characteristics, or sperm motility. Hormonal patterns of 5 of these subjects before, during, and after 3 months of treatment with Tamoxifen showed a progressive increase of gonadotropin (especially LH) and 17 beta E2 values; testosterone variations were minimal, and PRL showed a slight decrease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The microcolposcopy in the management of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

The authors report their experience with the microcolpohysteroscope of Hamou. This instrument allows a magnification from 0 to 150 times. Its fine caliber (4 mm) allows to work easily also in the interior of the cervical canal, without preventive dilatation. The instrument allows the in vivo vision of the cellular arrangement at the superficial level, after vital staining. The purpose of this research is the discussion of the potentiality of the microcolpohysteroscopy as complementary mean to colposcopy, citology and histology in the management of the Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). The authors conclude showing the advantages of this technique underlining as this method does not interfere with the natural evolution of the pathologic process, allowing at the contrary to determine the nature and the extension of the lesion. Then, without opposing or to citology or to colposcopy or to histology, it is not only a valid complementary diagnostic mean, but in particularly it contributes to a more rational therapeutic decision.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Male sterility and artificial insemination using donor semen. Our experience].

There has been a considerable increase in the demand for artificial insemination with donor semen (A.I.D.) in Italy during the past 5 years. This study describes the 4 year experience of an infertility practice which maintains a frozen bank as its primary source of A.I.D. The overall pregnancy rate was 52.27%. There is a significant difference in pregnancies in various age groups. Our pregnancy rate was 72.2% for those women under 31 and 31.5% for those over 31.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new criterion for the more exact evaluation of the swelling test.

The functional integrity of membranes of 12 semen samples from fertile men and 60 from male partners in couples with infertile marriage was assessed by hypoosmotic swelling test, eosin vitality test and swelling/eosin test. We found a mean swelling percentage of 75 +/- 2.7 for the group of subjects with proven fertility, while a mean of 72 +/- 9.24 was found for the group of infertile subjects. An amount of less than 60% was found in 7 of the latter group and only one less than 50%. By using the "swelling/eosin" test we obtained a mean of 66 +/- 5.5 for the first group of subjects. Instead we found a mean percentage of 55 +/- 14.3 for the second group; 9 of these subjects had values between 50 and 60 percent and 11 less than 50%. We didn't find statistically significant correlation between semen parameters and the swelling test and semen parameters and swelling/eosin test. The results we obtained lead us to suppose that the swelling/eosin test is more accurate than the swelling test alone.

Cell Membrane Permeability↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperprolactinemia and 5-alpha-reductase activity.

A number of experimental data indicate that hyperprolactinemia inhibits the activity of 5-alpha-reductase; however, no information is available about the time required for this enzyme to re-activate after prolactinemia has returned to normal values. In the present study, five normal caucasian men, whose fertility had previously been proven, were given HCG (5000 IU/day by intramuscular route for three days) both in basal conditions and after sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia (dosage = 200 mg/day for ten days). In both conditions, the plasma levels of prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), dihydro-testosterone (DHT), 17-beta-estradiol (E2), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) were monitored during the treatment with HCG and for an additional 24 hrs after HCG discontinuation. All hormones were assayed by RIA. Our results demonstrate that hyperprolactinemia causes a marked decrease (58%) of DHT, a less marked decrease (39%) of T, an increase (43%) of DHAS whereas only a small increase (2%) of E2 was observed. Steroids were shown to behave differently after the HCG tests performed in the two experimental conditions. In particular, the levels of DHT had a much more pronounced increased after HCG in the second test than in the first; in contrast, both DHAS and E2 had a less marked response after the second test. Our data, on the one hand, confirm that 5-alpha-reductase is inhibited by hyperprolactinemia; on the other hand, the hyperprolactinemia-induced block of this enzyme appears to be rapidly reversible because the enzyme is reactivated within 48-72 hrs after normalization of prolactin levels. (Normal values of prolactin were on the average achieved on the 4th day after sulpiride discontinuation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of an alpha-blocking agent (phenoxybenzamine) in the management of premature ejaculation.

Phenoxybenzamine has been extremely effective in treating patients with vesical dysfunctions, its minimal side effects include anejaculation and delay and difficulty in ejaculation. Fifteen men were treated with phenoxybenzamine (PBZ) for premature ejaculation. Eight patients reported a subjective improvement of the time from penetration to ejaculation. PBZ is a well tolerated drug. The only side effect of the treatment was dry ejaculation. The Authors suggest its use in selected patients.

Adult↗