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Biomedical subjects

E Eylan

Publications and source records attributed to E Eylan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Immunochemical relations of salmonella paratyphi C with the salmonellae of group B.

Agar-gel precipitations of proteins from S. paratyphi C, S. paratyphi B and S. typhimurium against homologous and heterologous antibacterial sera, prepared in rabbits, demonstrated a strong relatedness between these species belonging to different serogroups. The findings explain and substantiate previous experiments in which high cross-protections were obtained in groups of mice immunized with proteins from these species and subsequently infected with S. typhimurium or its "in vivo" related S. paratyphi B and S. paratyphi C.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1977

Serum anti-candida albicans antibodies in candidal and non-candidal vaginitis.

The agglutination, immunodiffusion and immune adherence tests were performed on sera from 60 women with clinically diagnosed vaginitis. Candida albicans was isolated from the vaginal discharge of 36 of them (Group 1) and not from the other 24 (Group 2). Fifty eight patients reacted positively in the agglutination test. No differentiation could be made between the two groups on the basis of this test (number of positive sera and height of titer). No antibodies could be detected by the immunodiffusion test (except for one positive serum). The immune adherence test demonstrated a difference between the two groups, which was expressed both in the total of positive reacting sera and in titer of antibodies.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Serological specificities of polysaccharides from four Salmonellae sharing "O" factor 8.

S. virginia (8) and S. newport (6.8) induced in sera of hyper-immunized rabbits antibodies which precipitated the respective homologous and heterologous polysaccharides as well as the polysaccharides from S. blockley (6.8) and from S. emek (8.20) by homogeneous lines of, apparent, serological identity. S. blockley, sharing with S. newport the same "O" factors, induced however two antipolysaccharides of which only one was identical with that of S. virginia. Different proteinic carriers were found to be responsible for the two induced antipolysaccharides. S. emek (820) induced antipolysaccharide antibodies which displayed a reaction of partial identity with the heterologous polysaccharides, in contrast to the serological homogeneity of precipitation, shown by the S. emek polysaccharide against the heterologous sera. The existence of a more complex structure of the S. emek polysaccharide, of which a small determinant is in common with the heterologous polysaccharides and is associated with a common proteinic carrier explains these different reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Salmonella gallinarum - Salmonella enteritidis relationship in rabbits.

The polysaccharide of S. gallinarum, sharing factors 9.12 with the Salmonellae of group D. cross-reacts with one of two serological determinants, present in the polysaccharide of S. enteritidis, and is different from the determinant responsible for the cross-reaction of S. enteritidis and S. typhy polysaccharides. The absorption of anti S. gallinarum sera with proteins from S. enteritidis removed all the antibodies induced for the homologous antigens; in contrast, the absorption of the anti S. enteritidis sera with proteins from S. gallinarum removed all the antigens common to S. gallinarum and S. enteritidis, leaving for reaction the antibodies induced to specific antigens of S. enteritidis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Neutralization of heterologous toxicities in mice immunized with proteins from S. typhimurium and from a human pathogen (S. emek).

Groups of mice immunized with proteins from S. typhimurium and from a non-pathogenic Salmonella for mice (S. emek) were infected with S. tymphimurium, S. emek, S. blockley and S. paratyphi A. The mice immunized with the S. typhimurium proteins were, as always protected against infection with the pathogen and resisted the toxicities, which killed the controls, of S. paratyphi A and S. emek but not of S. blockley. The mice immunized with S. emek proteins resisted the toxicity of S. paratyphi A and, to a lesser degree, that of the homologous S. emek. The animals did not resist the toxicity of a similar concentration of S. blockley and the immunized mice died, like the controls, within 20-40 hours. Mice in this group infected with S. typhimurium had a much longer delay before dying, than the controls. Antiprotein antibodies present in the sera of the immunized mice are, apparently, responsible for the neutralization of the toxicities of the heterologous strains and for the eventual protection against infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Immunochemistry of Yersinia enterocolitica O3 grown at different temperatures.

Comparative agglutinations of homogeneous stable suspensions prepared with Yersinia enterocolitica growth at 37 degrees C and at 25 degrees C were performed with anti-sera prepared in rabbits with the bacteria grown at both these temperatures. Sera prepared with live Y. enterocolitica grown at 37 degrees C agglutinated both suspensions at a much lower titre than the sera prepared with formaldehyde-treated bacteria is grown at 25 degrees C. All the sera in which strongly precipitating antibodies were induced reacted, in agar-gel, against native and heated proteins. The small amounts of antipolysaccharides induced in all the sera reacted only in the ring test against the bacterial polysaccharides. The absorption of the sera prepared with live Y. enterocolitica grown at 37 degrees C, with antigens synthesized at 25 degrees C did not remove all the homologous antibodies; apparently, some determinants are specific for the bacteria grown at 37 degrees C. Morphological changes of the small rods to elongated bacilli and filamentous forms were observed in most cultures of the Y. enterocolitica grown at 37 degrees C; these changes coincided with a low yield of proteins and point to an inhibitory effect of the 37 degrees C temperature.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Behaviour of Salmonellae non-pathogenic for mice. I. Neutralization of their toxicities by induced antiprotein antibodies.

Groups of mice hyperimmunized with proteins from Salmonella strains which are not pathogens for mice (S. typhi o901, S. typhi Ty2, S. blockley, S. newport) resisted inoculation with concentrations of homologous and related heterologous liver bacteria, which killed all the controls in 20-48 hrs. The toxicity of the Salmonella tested was about 100-1000 times lower than that of the pathogenic S. typhimurium and concentrations of 10(8) or 10(9) bacteria (according to the strains used) were necessary to kill all the controls. In contrast to the period of incubation (2-12 days) required for S. typhimurium to kill all the controls and eventually some of the immunized mice, too, the killing with the human pathogenic Salmonella took place within 20-48 hrs. The toxicity of the big concentrations of bacteria needed to kill the controls was apparently neutralized by the antiprotein antibodies induced in the immunized mice. In no group of mice resisting inoculations with 1 x 10(8) or 1 x 10(9) of the homologous or heterologous tested Salmonellae protection could be obtained against infection with 1LD100 (1 x 10(6) of S. typhimurium. These results underline the specificity of host-parasite relations in infection and minimize the role attributed to the cellular mechanism, which is insufficient for protection against an infection if the pathogen tested is not specific for the host in experiment. In contrast to events in mice protected against the infection with S. typhimurium, and its related "in vivo", S. paratyphi B and S. paratyphi C, the antibodies initially present in the sera of the mice immunized with proteins from the human pathogens were no longer found 25 days after the infections. Reinfections of some of the groups of the surviving mice did not result in protections.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The immune adherence phenomenon in experimental candidiasis.

The immune adherence reaction was shown in experimental candidiasis. This phenomenon has not been previously described for candidiasis, to the best of our knowledge. Forty-eight sera of guinea pigs inoculated with a single or several inoculations of live Candida albicans were tested at different time intervals after inoculation for anti C. albicans antibodies detectable by the immune adherence reaction. From the 14th day after inoculation, a positive immune adherence reaction was observed with titer and strength increasing as time passed after inoculation and as the number of inoculations increased. All the sera were tested parallely in agglutination and indirect mast cell degranulation tests. The significance of the data obtained is discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1976

A long-term effect of adult thymectomy on cortisone sensitivity and alkaline RNAse activity of murine lymphoid cells.

The alkaline RNAse content of lymphoid cells was measured in two year old mice that had been thymectomized at six to seven weeks of age and found to be three times higher in spleen and four times in lymph nodes than in sham thymectomized age-matched controls. There was, however, no difference in the content of alkaline RNAse in the liver between the two groups of mice. Following administration of cortisone, the RNAse level in the lymphoid organs was increased to a much greater extent in the control than in the thymectomized mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

RNA-instructed DNA polymerase associated with C-type particles produced in vivo by murine myeloma cells.

C-type particles secreted in vivo by MOPC-315 myeloma cells were characterized. These particles localize at a density of 1-16 g/ml in sucrose and possess a 60 to 70S RNA and an RNA-instructed DNA polymerase. Endogenous enzyme activity requires manganese and is inhibited by ribonuclease or by the omission of any of the deoxynucleoside triphosphates. The enzyme utilizes the virus 60 to 70S RNA as a template to synthesize DNA molecules which specifically hybridize to the homologous RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of external ocular Candida infections with 5-fluorocytosine.

15 patients who suffered from severe and prolonged external Candida ocular infections and who had not responded to Mycostatin and/or Amphotericin B treatment, were successfully treated with 5-Fluorocytosine administered topically or combined topical-orally. In all patients, a cure was achieved after a treatment period of approximately 6 months. No side effects were observed and no resistance to the drug developed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Cross-protection induced in mice by immunizations with proteins of related bacteria species.

Groups of mice were immunized with detoxified protein from S. typhimurium, S. paratyphi B and S. paratyphi C. Consecutive infections with different concentrations of the homologous and heterologous strains showed that: 1. Immunizations with proteins from S. typhimurium induced protections in 65% of the mice infected with 50 LD100 of their natural pathogen, and in 80% of the mice infected with 50 LD100 of S. paratyphi B; the infection with S. paratyphi C of mice in this group afforded protection against 20 LD100 in 75% of the animals. 2. Immunization with proteins from S. paratyphi B induced protection in the mice against the infection with 20 LD100 of S. typhimurium (survival of 80% of the mice) and against 20 LD100 of the homologous S. paratyphi B (survival of 90% of the mice). 3. Immunization with proteins from S. paratyphi C protected the mice against the infection with 20 LD100 of S. typhimurium in a proportion of 80-85% of the animals; infection with the homologous S. paratyphi C did not result in protection against more than 20 LD100 of the bacteria (80-85% survivals). The survivors, in each group, when reinfected 30 days later with 50 LD100 of S. typhimurium resisted in a proportion of 100%, as a consequence of antibodies induced against more specific proteins released in the mice during the infections by the related pathogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The unfortunate role of precedent in bacteriology. I. The main antigens of salmonellae: the proteins.

Proteins from S. paratyphi B were found to be better immunogens, in rabbits, than the bacteria from which they were extracted. Likewise, proteins from S. newport induced antibodies which reacted in agar gel, against proteins from many species of Salmonella. The immunogenicity of the bacterial proteins, as well as their many biological activities are ignored because the classic techniques used lose these main antigens of Enterobacteriaceae. The contrasting overemphasized role attributed to the lipopolysaccharides has created a precedent which is not to the advantage of bacteriology.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The unfortunate role of precedent in bacteriology. II. Unrelated serological specificities of the polysaccharides from S. typhi and S. gallinarum sharing factors 9.12.

Tube and agar-gel precipitations of antigens isolated from S. typhi and S. gallinarum against homologous and heterologous rabbit antisera showed that the polysaccharides of these Salmonellae, sharing factors 9.12 do not cross-react. Thus, the serological analyses prove that sugars can not be related to factors in the Kauffmann-White scheme. The cross-reacting antigens from these Salmonellae of serogroup D are the free proteins and the proteinic moieties of their somatic antigens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1976

Sh. dysenteriae serotypes2,4,8-immunochemistry and phage receptor activity.

Among three analyzed serotypes of Shigella dysenteriae, namely, the serotypes 2,4 and 8, the serotype 2 proved to be a strong immunogen in rabbits, inducing anti-polysaccharide antibodies as well as antiprotein antibodies in all the animals. In contrast, the serotypes 4 and 8 were weak immunogens and among the rabbits some have synthesized only anti-proteins while others had antibodies against the somatic conjugate. Aside from the somatic antigens, large amounts of proteins were isolated from all the strains; however, the numerous determinants of these proteins were proven with the help of a serum to proteins from Sh. sonnei. The polysaccharides were specific for the serotype. The sensitivity of Sh. dysenteriae strains to phage P1 and the phage receptor actigity of different bacterial extracts were examined. By using the phage receptor neutralization test, it was possible to demonstrate that the receptor substance is a common component present in the lipopolysaccharide. The nature of neutralization has been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The serological specificities of Salmonella typhi antigens.

Sera prepared with two different strains of Salmonella typhi were analysed against all the soluble antigens isolated from S. typhi 0901, S. typhi Ty2 and S. typhi Vi. Agar-gel diffusion against individual sera showed that, in all the sera, antibodies were induced against somatic antigens and free proteins. Absorptions of the sera with polysaccharides, split from the somatic antigens, removed the antibodies induced against the polysaccharide and its proteinic carrier in most of the somatic antigens of S. typhi 0901. The antibodies left in the absorbed sera reacted against the proteinic moieties of more complex somatic antigens of S. typhi and against free proteins from all the analysed strains. Only the absorption with proteins removed all the precipitating antibodies from the sera. Moreover, in incomplete absorptions with proteins, the first antibodies removed are the antipolysaccharides, since antibodies are never induced against the haptenic polysaccharide but against somatic conjugates; in these the proteinic moiety eventually varies with every batch of bacteria. The sera exhausted of precipitins still agglutinate the bacteria, thus confirming the assumption that agglutinins and precipitins may be different antibodies.

Animals↗