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Biomedical subjects

E Köhler

Publications and source records attributed to E Köhler.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Electron-microscopical investigations on adenohypophyses in sand rats (Psammomys obesus) before manifestation of diabetes mellitus).

The experiments have been carried out on the adenohypophyses of 20 sand rats (6 so called protodiabetic, 6 diabetic animals and 8 animals as control group). Of those cell types known in hypophyses alpha-(STH-)cells, prolactin (LTH-)cells, beta-(FSH-) cells, gamma-(LH-)cells and delta-(TSH-)cells were shown to exist in the hypophyses of the control group. -- The size of the granula of these cell types in the sand rats also corresponds to the values known from other rodents. A reduction of granular density could be noticed in the alpha-cells of the so called protodiabetic group as well as in the prolactin cells. The Golgi apparatus is prominent, and the mitochondria have grown and multiplied. The other cell types show no peculiarities. Changes were also found in the alpha- and prolactin cells of the diabetic group: The granula are diminished very much (more in the prolactin cells than in the alpha-cells), the ergastoplasm is much increased and has dense colonies of ribosomes. The Golgi apparatus is highly developed. These experiments prove ultrastructural changes in the cell types of the adenohypophyses not only in the state of a mellitus-like syndrome in sand rats but also during adaptation to laboratory holding of these animals. It is suggested that during adaptation to laboratory holding in a state of pronounced increase of body weight and in the state of a mellitus-like syndrome in sand rats the alpha-cells of the adenohypophyses are stimulated as well as the prolactin cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy (HNCM)--clinical, hemodynamic, electro-, echo- and angiocardiographic studies (author's transl)].

In order to characterize the clinical picture of hypertrophic non obstructive cardiomyopathy (HNCM) symptoms, ECG, echocardiogram, left ventricular angiogram, hemodynamics, the clinical course and the familial incidence were analyzed in 49 patients. The most striking findings in the ECG were slight or deeply negative T-waves with a maximum in leads V4 or V5. The diagnostic specifity for HNCM in 22 consecutive cases with this abnormal finding of unknown etiology was 91%. The 2-dimensional echocardiogram and the ventriculogram revealed a funnel-shaped obliteration of the apex of the left ventricle in 94% (wall thickness of the basis was 14.8 +/- 2.9 and at the apex 19.3 +/- 5.3 mm compared to 8.5 +/- 1 and 8.6 +/- 1.2 mm in normal subjects). The M-mode echocardiogram showed asymmetric septal hypertrophy in 72% and symmetric hypertrophy or a thicker posterior wall in 28%. By endomyocardial catheter biopsy (n = 9) and in two patients who died, no storage disease was detected. An abnormal increase of mean pulmonary artery pressure at exercise was measured in 59%. The clinical course (n = 37, follow-up 5.1 years in the mean) was stable in 68%, 5% died. There was a significant negative correlation between functional class and IVS/PW ratio, left ventricular enddiastolic diameter and enddiastolic volume and a significant positive correlation between functional class and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure. The familial incidence was 15%. The data demonstrate that HNCM is a well definable clinical entity which seems to be more frequent than it has been assumed before.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Echocardiographic observations in malfunctioning heart valves due to thrombosis (author's transl)].

The study includes two patients with obstruction of prosthetic heart valves by thrombosis. In the first patient, a thrombus attached to the ventricular side of the cage of a Smeloff-Cutter mitral prosthesis caused incomplete excursion of the ball in most cardiac cycles, which was detected by echocardiography. In the second patient a thrombosis of the atrial and ventricular side of a Lillehei-Kaster mitral prosthesis delayed opening of the disc. The initial part of the opening movement was "rounded", the excursion of the disk diminished. The cases presented indicate that in patients whose condition deteriorates after prosthetic valve replacement, echocardiography can help identify the cause. In particular, the technique makes it possible to differentiate between valvular dysfunction and muscular insufficiency of the left ventricle. Comparison with recordings obtained in the early postoperative period facilitate the detection of a malfunctioning prosthesis.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1979

[Arrhythmias in patients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome. An echo- and electrocardiographic study - (author's transl)].

The echocardiograms and electrocardiograms of 76 patients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVP) were examined and compared with those of 20 normal subjects. 30 patients had a late systolic, 32 a holosystolic MVP, 14 patients had a mixed motion pattern of the MVP. Eighty percent of them had arrhythmias, which were detected in 44% only by 24-hours ECG, in 32% by 24-hours ECG and exercise ECG and in 4% only by exercise ECG. 16% of the patients had only atrial premature contractions (APC), 22% only ventricular premature contractions (VPC), 39% had both ventricular and atrial premature contractions. Multifocal VPC'S WERE MORE COMMON IN PATIENTS WITH LATE SYSTOLIC MVP, salvos of VPC however were detected in 3 patients with holosystolic and in one patient with late systolic MVP. Only less severe arrhythmias, in general isolated, univorm VPCs were found in 40% of the normal subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Echocardiographic determination of the severity of mitral stenosis by the mitral valve closure index (author's transl)].

In 34 patients with mitral stenosis or combined mitral valve disease class II, III or IV (NYHA), the mitral valve closure index (MVCI, Shiu et al. 1977), based on the rate of diastolic apposition of the anterior and posterior mitral leaflet echos, and the diastolic closure rate (EF-slope) were determined and compared with hemodynamic data such as mean left atrial pressure (PLA), mean diastolic pressure gradient across the stenotic valve (DP) and mitral valve orifice area (Q), calculated by the Gorlin formula. MVCI and EF-slope correlated more favorably with DP (MVCIr = -0.71, EF-sloper = -0.53) than with Q and PLA. The results were not different in patients with sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation. Using MVCI or EF-slope thie discrimination between severe and moderate or between moderate and light mitral stenosis was uncertain. Nevertheless, MVCI below 30 was associated with light, above 50 with severe mitral stenosis. In spite of the relationship between MVCI or EF-slope and the severity of mitral stenosis, in the individual case an exact quantification of mitral stenosis is not possible due to the great variability of echocardiographic data. For the assessment of the severity of mitral stenosis the mitral valve closure index is not superior to the EF-slope.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prognosis and possible presymptomatic manifestations of congestive cardiomyopathy (COCM).

In order to find evidence of prognosis and of presymptomatic manifestation of congestive cardiomyopathy (COCM) in fifty-eight patients, the extent of morphological changes of endomyocardial catheter biopsy (EMCB), clinical and haemodynamic data were correlated to the clinical course. In addition, clinical, haemodynamic, angiographic, morphological and His-bundle electrographic studies were performed in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), normal left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and normal coronary arteries (n = 43). Related to a 10-year mortality rate of 70% from the onset of symptoms, COCM is one of the most severe heart diseases. Endomyocardial catheter biopsy (EMCB) allowed clear prognostic separation in patients with COCM and seems to be of diagnostic value in patients with only slightly enlarged hearts and in patients with a short history of symptoms. The studies also revealed much evidence that at least some patients with LBBB, normal left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and normal coronary arteries exhibit an early stage of COCM. In these patients especially EMCB with severe changes of heart muscle cells and/or impaired left ventricular function may indicate subsequent COCM. So that there is now a new indication for performing EMCB.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pharmacological investigation on asclepin--a new cardenolide from Asclepias curassavica. Part II. Comparative studies on the inotropic and toxic effects of asclepin, g-strophantin, digoxin and digitoxin).

The cardiac effects of asclepin, a new glycoside from the plant Asclepias curassavica, were studies in vitro (isolated atrium and heart of guineapig) and in vivo (anaesthetized cat) and were compared with g-strophanthin, digoxin, digitoxin, or digitoxigenin, resp. Asclepin showed a marked positive inotropic effect as evidenced by the increase in the force of contraction, measured by (dp/dt)max and (formula: see text). It was found to be more active than the other glycosides.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Optimizing the therapeutic process in long-term antiepileptic therapy through the determination of drug levels in patients].

Serum levels of phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and ethosuximide were determined in about 2,000 subjects treated on an outpatient and inpatient basis, respectively. Therapeutical serum level ranges were obtained in about 50 percent of the patients. In the other patients, the values determined were either too low or too high. These studies, in addition to enabling the drug-taking behavior of patients to be objectified, made possible "blood-level-oriented dosage" and allowed differential approaches to be adopted in the control of undesirable effects. Blood level determinations permit the therapeutical procedure to be improved and made more reliable especially in "problem cases". A pharmacokinetic therapy service has proved useful for long-time antiepileptic therapy.

Anticonvulsants↗