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Biomedical subjects

E Merz

Publications and source records attributed to E Merz.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Prenatal diagnosis of type II adenomatoid lung dysplasia].

Congenital adenomatoid malformation of the lung is a rare form of lung disease, characterised by excessive overgrowth of terminal respiratory elements. From the histological as well as the sonographical point of view it can be classified into 3 subtypes. The prognosis depends on the type and the associated malformations. We report on two cases of congenital adenomatoid malformation of the lung type II, diagnosed by ultrasound before the 23rd week of gestation. Criteria that may be useful in the prenatal diagnosis of this malformation are described, and the clinical management is discussed.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1989

[Sonographic detection of hygroma colli in the fetus].

Foetal cystic hygroma is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic systems. Ten cases of foetal cystic hygroma were diagnosed prenatally during the second trimester, in a period of two years, at Ultrasound Unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Mainz, West Germany. Six foetuses had Turner's syndrome, one had a 47 X + 21 karyotype, two foetuses were cytogenetically normal and in one case tue chromosome cultures failed. Sonographic findings are demonstrated and compared to autopsy results. In addition, clinical management of foetuses with cystic hygroma are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[Intrauterine fetal weight assessment using ultrasound. A comparison of several weight assessment methods and development of a new formula for the determination of fetal weight].

At the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the University of Mainz, the foetal weights were estimated in 196 foetuses between 24 and 42 weeks of gestation. All estimates were based on sonographic determination 0-6 days prior to delivery. In a prospective study the equations of Hansmann, Schillinger et al., Campbell and Wilkin, Warsof et al., Shepard et al., Higginbottom et al., Thurnau et al. and an own unpublished formula of Merz were compared. In addition, with the aid of computer analysis, a new equation for predicting foetal weight was evolved from the data measured in this study. This formula should be valid for all weight groups. In 25.5% of the newborn the actual birth weights ranged from 610 to 2499 g, in 42.9% from 2500 to 3499 g and in 31.6% from 3500 to 4520 g. On comparing the individual equations for the entire study group, the most reliable formulas for estimating foetal weights were found to be those of Shepard et al. (72.4%), Hansmann (61.2%) and Merz (61.2%). In the very low birth-weight range less than 2500 g the formula of Shepard et al. proved to be the most reliable for estimating foetal weight with 72%. In the group between 2500 and 3499 g reliability in estimating foetal weight was over 60% with the equations of Shepard et al. (72.6%), Hansmann (67.9%) and Merz (61.9%). In the birth-weight group of 3500 to 4520 g the most reliable formula for predicting foetal weight was found to be that of Schillinger et al. (91.9%), Hansmann (83.9%), Shepard et al. (72.6%) and Merz (69.4%). The formula which was derived from own data was as follows: W (g) = -3200.40479 + 157.07186 AC (cm) + 15.90391 (BPD)2 (cm). With this formula we obtained 71.4% reliability in predicting foetal weight with a mean absolute weight difference of 221 g for the complete study group. Are of validity for this formula could be defined as follows: BPD 7.0-10.5 cm AC 21.8-36.5 cm (all measurements from outer to outer margin).

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1988

[Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: relation to the extent of retinal detachment, size of retinal tears and coagulation surface].

Preretinal dispersion of stimulated RPE cells has been suggested as a possible cause of the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Retinal detachment (RD) and retinal breaks are associated with an exposure of corresponding areas of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) which has been mechanically stimulated by coagulation. In a prospective, controlled study of 141 patients between 20 and 75 years of age, PVR grades were determined before and RD surgery and within six months following it PVR grades were correlated with the extent of RD, size of breaks, and area of coagulation. The severity of the PVR correlated significantly with both the extent of RD as well as the total number of coagulation exposures. There was a tendency toward higher grades of PVR with larger retinal breaks. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that at least certain variations of PVR are caused by preretinal dispersion of stimulated RPE cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Intrauterine detection of dorsolateral diaphragmatic hernia using ultrasound].

Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia occurs in one out of 2,500 live births. Prenatal diagnosis is made via sonographic demonstration of the displaced abdominal organs that can be found in the thoracic cavity as a cystic or solid mass. Early antenatal evidence of this malformation can improve the normally poor prognosis of the newborn, as planned delivery and prompt operative treatment can be performed. Antenatal sonographic diagnosis of a left-side diaphragmatic hernia is demonstrated in two cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

[Development of a growth model for fetal head and body measurements].

Head parameters BPD, FOD and HC and abdomen parameters ATD, APD and AC have been ascertained in a prospective cross-sectional study in 515 healthy single fetuses between 13 and 40 weeks of gestation by ultrasound. In all cases ultrasound velocity was 1540 m/sec. From these data, a growth model was achieved for each parameter and corresponding growth curves with 5%, 10%, 50%, 90% and 95% percentiles were established.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1986

[Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of a cystic coccygeal teratoma with retroperitoneal extension].

The most common teratoma of th newborn is the sacrococcygeal, which contains tissues of all three germinal layers. It is located over and under the sacrum or the coccyx and may extend in front of the sacrum into the retroperitoneal region. The teratoma can lead to compression of the ureters with resultant hydronephrosis or to obstruction of the rectum. The most important complication is the malignant change which usually occurs between the fourth month and the third year. Because of the complications early diagnosis of the teratoma is necessary and extirpation should be carried out as soon as possible. The present paper reports on the sonographic findings in a sacrococcygeal teratoma with retroperitoneal extension at 37 weeks gestation. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this malformation and the clinical findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Extrauterine pregnancy: sonographic criteria and their clinical value].

The most common criteria for the ultrasonic diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy are: 1. An enlarged uterus without a gestational sac, 2. A progesterone-stimulated endometrium (internal uterine echos), 3. Cul-de-sac fluid (blood) and 4. An adnexal tumour. To assess the clinical usefulness of the described criteria in a prospective study, ultrasonography was performed preoperatively in 25 patients with ectopic pregnancy. The ultrasonograms were coded for uterine size, intrauterine echoes, adnexal mass, and cul-de-sac fluid. Of 25 ectopic pregnancies, a correct positive ultrasonic diagnosis was made in 80%, while a false negative diagnosis was made in 20%. In most cases an adnexal mass could be identified (68%), whereas cul-de-sac fluid and an uterine enlargement without gestational sac was seen only in one-half of the patients. Internal uterine echoes could be found in only 36% of the patients. An ectopic gestational sac with viable foetus was seen in one case only. Due to the variability of ectopic pregnancy, no pathognomonic features can be defined. For this reason, ultrasonography cannot be considered an absolutely reliable method for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1985

[Sonographic image of a form of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita].

AMC is a collective term for a group of sporadic or inherent diseases characterised by multiple non-progressive congenital joint contractures. The report demonstrates the sonographic findings of a neural form of AMC at 38 weeks' gestation. Aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical findings of this malformation are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Biometry of the large bones of fetal extremities in the 3d trimester].

Ultrasound measurement of head, thorax and the limb bones femur, tibia, humerus and radius was made of 285 fetuses with known gestational age. In addition measurements of the fibula were obtained in 120 fetuses and of the ulna in 125 fetuses. With the use of these data a normal growth curve for each limb bone was established, which can be helpful in detecting late fetal limb malformations as heterozygous achondroplasia. All limb bones show a nearly linear growth rate so that the length of the bones can alternatively be used to determine gestational age. The linear relationship between growth of the limb bones and the fetal head can be used to diagnose fetal head malformations as microcephaly.

Arm↗
PubMed1984

[Amniotic band syndrome in ultrasound].

Ultrasonographic examination during pregnancy is of great value in detecting changes in the amniotic fluid such as oligohydramnios, and severe fetal malformations, before the 24th week of pregnancy. A case of ADAM syndrome in the 22nd week of pregnancy is reported. In this case, the sonographic findings were very marked. The pathogenesis of the malformation is discussed.

Amniotic Band Syndrome↗
PubMed1981

Blood groups of Barbary apes (Macaca sylvanus).

32 Barbary macaques were all found to be secretors of the A and H blood group substances and to have an M-like agglutinogen on their red cells. Hemagglutination tests for other human-type red cell specificities were negative. In contrast, several so-called simian-type specificities were detected on the erythrocytes of Barbary apes by means of the cross-reacting rhesus and baboon antisera. Among these, only the specificities of the graded Drh blood group system were found to be polymorphic in this species of macaques. Blood groups of Barbary apes are compared with those of several other species of macaques and some taxonomic aspects of blood grouping tests are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Alpha-fetoprotein in assessing obstetric diagnosis (author's transl)].

Radio-immunologic measurement of alpha-fetoprotein is possible in small amounts of blood and amniotic fluid. During the first half of pregnancy the AFP values in maternal serum are lowered when there is fetal abnormality (hydatid cyst, immnent abortion). In the second half of pregnancy high values of AFP also indicate danger to the fetus (Rh-incompatibility). The older the pregnancy the AFP values in amniotic fluid fall. In pathologic pregnancy (hydramnion, anencephaly, trisomy) AFP concentration was normal or raised. Measurement of the AFP level in umbilical cord -- blood provides further diagnostic chances: assessment of the duration of pregnancy and, therefore, of fetal maturity.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1975

[Maternal serum-alpha-fetoprotein for monitoring risk-pregnancies (author's transl)].

This study confirms essentially the results of other investigators who found a good correlation between fetal risk and maternal AFP level. This adds an immuno-chemical technique to well-known methods of monitoring risk-pregnancies (ultra-sound, HPL, estrogenes) which enables us to measure a specific fetal metabolic product, alpha-feto-protein, in amniotic fluid, umbilical blood and maternal serum.

Abortion, Missed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonic mensuration of fetal limb bones in the second and third trimesters.

Growth of fetal limb bones has been examined in a prospective cross-sectional study in 530 patients between 13 and 42 weeks of gestation by ultrasound. The length of the femur, tibia, humerus, and radius were measured in all cases, and fibula and ulna in 393 cases. For each week of gestation mean lengths (+/- 2 standard deviations) were calculated. All limb bones showed linear growth from 13 weeks to 25 weeks of gestation, after which the growth curve appeared nonlinear. A strong linear relationship (r greater than 0.98) between the BPD and bone length was found for each bone. In five aborted fetuses, prenatal sonographic measurements of the ossified diaphyses were compared with the postnatal radiologic measurement (30 limb bones). A good agreement was found (difference between ultrasound and X-ray measurements 0.7 +/- 0.5 [SD] mm or 3.0 +/- 2.4 [SD]%), indicating that ultrasound images the ossified diaphysis.

Anthropometry↗