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Biomedical subjects

E Ochoa

Publications and source records attributed to E Ochoa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Inflammation induced increase of fluoride resistant acid phosphatase (FRAP) activity in the spinal dorsal horn in rats.

Fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase (FRAP) has been suggested as an enzymatic marker for nociceptive primary afferent terminals in the spinal dorsal horn, however there has not been demonstrated a direct functional relation between FRAP activity and an increased nociceptive transmission. For this purpose, we quantitated FRAP activity in the spinal dorsal horn of the rat in a heat-induced cutaneous inflammatory model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats anaesthetised with thiopental were separated in two groups where the left hindpaw was submerged during 60 s either in water at room temperature (control group) or in water at 60 degrees C (inflammation group) which induce in this group a progressive hindpaw inflammation. After 8 h, the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord was extracted, cut in slices and 1 mm micropunch fragments were obtained from the right and left dorsal horn. The activity of FRAP was determined using the Gomori colorimetric method and corrected by the protein concentrations. FRAP activity in the left dorsal horn was statistically higher than right dorsal horn in the inflammation group (3.05+/-0.54 versus 1.91+/-0.23 u/g per l; P<0.05). Also, FRAP activity from the left dorsal horn of the control and inflammation groups show a significant increase in the last group (3.05+/-0.54 versus 2.17+/-0.23 u/g per l; P<0.05). This results demonstrate that FRAP is not only an enzymatic marker for neuronal and fibre integrity of nociceptive primary afferents but also it is associated to the nociceptive afferent activation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2002

Electrospray ionisation and ion-trap fragmentation of substituted 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridin-2-ones.

A variety of 5-alkoxycarbonyl-4-aryl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones and hexahydrofuro[3,4-b]-2(1H)-pyridones have been investigated by electron impact (EI) and electrospray ionisation (ESI) techniques. Sequential product ion fragmentation (MS(n)) was performed to elucidate the degradation pathways for these compounds. Comparisons are made between positive and negative even-electron ions from ESI spectra and the molecular radical cations obtained under EI conditions. The data collected in this paper provide information on the strong impact that different substituents have on the ion fragmentation process.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
PubMed2000

Frequency of germ-line BRCA1 mutations among Spanish families from a Mediterranean area.

We have carried out a study of breast cancer in Spanish families in which the entire coding region of the BRCA1 gene have been analyzed. To identify BRCA1 mutations, PTT and CSGE methods were used followed by direct sequencing. We investigated 51 breast cancer women with a family history. Among these we have identified 7 frameshifts mutations (15%), 185delAG (4 times), 1623del5 and 3450del4 (2 times), and 3 missense mutations, Ser1613Gly, Met1652Ile and Ala1708Glu, which are likely polymorphisms. These findings show that BRCA1 is implicated in a fraction of Spanish familial breast cancer similar to other countries. There was association between bilateral breast cancer and BRCA1 mutations. The CSGE technique has been demonstrated to be a highly reliable method for mutation screening because of its sensitivity and high throughput.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol addiction].

This paper reviews preclinical research which demonstrates the involvement of the opioid system in the reinforcing effects of alcohol, and the effects of naltrexone, a long-acting, nonselective opioid receptor antagonist to reduce alcohol intake. Naltrexone (50 mg/day) may prevent the return to drinking by blocking the pleasurable effects or "high" associated with alcohol drinking, and relapse rates were reduced. The most common adverse effects reported include nausea and vomiting and it does not appear to be hepatotoxic in dosages recommend. Thus, naltrexone appears to offer significant therapeutic benefits, when used with behavioural treatment for alcohol dependent patients.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1999

Mass spectral fragmentation patterns of new 5-acetyl-4-aryl-6-methyl-2(1H)pyridones

The electron impact mass spectra of new 5-acetyl-4-aryl-6-methyl-2(1H)pyridones have been studied. A dominant peak in all the spectra is due to cleavage of the CO-NH bond of the amido group with charge retention on the carbonyl group. This fragmentation is followed by a hydrogen rearrangement to the nitrogen atom forming ketene intermediates; this pathway leads to a highly stabilized ion which constitutes the base peak in the spectra in most of the compounds studied. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Synthesis and antiprotozoan properties of new 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives.

In a search for antiprotozoan compounds, 34 new 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives were synthesized and tested in vitro against Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichomonas vaginalis. Some of them showed important antiprotozoan activity. In vivo assays of compounds which showed remarkable in vitro activity against T. vaginalis were carried out.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Tubular effects of acetaminophen in the isolated perfused rat kidney.

The effects of different acetaminophen (APAP) concentrations (1, 5 or 10 mM) on renal function were investigated in the isolated perfused rat kidney (IPK). APAP was added to the perfusion media as a single dose after a equilibration time and control periods. Changes in fractional excretion of sodium (FENa), water (FEH2O), glucose (FEglu) and in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured. The lower concentration used only modified the FEH2O. APAP 10 mM induced an increment in FEH2O (72% higher than control preparation), FENa (79% higher than control preparation) and an elevation in glucose excretion (55% higher than control preparation), associated with a decrease in GFR (23% lower than control preparation). The influence of PGE2 on the effects of APAP was also investigated. PGE2 prevented the APAP-induced decrease in GFR and in glucose reabsorption, but did not change the pattern of sodium and water handling. The effects of another vasodilator, verapamil, on APAP-induced renal effects were also tested. Verapamil prevented the glomerular but not the tubular effects of APAP. Urinary APAP excretion data showed a similar availability of APAP to the tubular cells in all the groups. Our data suggest that APAP exerts a direct action in the IPK, affecting hemodynamic and tubular functions, and that the latter are not a consequence of hemodynamic alterations.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1994

Associative visual agnosia and alexia without prosopagnosia.

Disagreement over the neuroanatomical substrate of associative visual agnosia encompasses such basic issues as: (1) the necessity for bilateral lesions; (2) the intrahemispheric locus of damage; and (3) the roles of disconnection versus cortical damage. We examined three patients whose associative visual agnosia encompassed objects and printed words but spared faces. CAT scans revealed unilateral dominant occipitotemporal strokes. CAT scans of four previously reported cases with this same profile of associative agnosia were obtained. Dominant parahippocampal, fusiform and lingual gyri were the most extensively damaged cortical regions surveyed and were involved in all cases. Of white matter tracts surveyed, only temporal white matter including inferior longitudinal fasciculus was severely and universally involved. Splenium of the corpus callosum was frequently but not always involved. We conclude there is a form of associative visual agnosia with agnosia for objects and printed words but sparing face recognition which has a characteristic unilateral neuropathology. Damage or disconnection of dominant parahippocampal, fusiform and lingual gyri is the necessary and sufficient lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Effects of professional affiliation on group therapists' confidentiality attitudes and behaviors.

This study examines the influence of group therapists' professional characteristics on their attitudes and practices regarding confidentiality. Eighty-three highly experienced and well-trained group therapy providers representing the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and social work completed a survey questionnaire inquiring into their confidentiality practices. Although there is considerable consensus between medical and nonmedical practitioners on the issues addressed, there are also interesting differences and trends. Implications of the findings for clinical practice, ethics training, and confidentiality legislation are addressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Guarding confidentiality in clinical groups: the therapist's dilemma.

This study examines the confidentiality practices of highly experienced, well-trained group psychotherapists. A provocative finding was that practitioners rarely inform prospective clients of confidentiality limitations. Their reluctance to do so appears to be based upon the belief that it might discourage persons from entering treatment, as well as having negative ramifications for the therapeutic process (e.g., members may be less likely to talk about unprotected topics). The prevalence and content of breaches in confidentiality are explored. Ethical, legal, clinical, and educational implications of these and other findings are addressed. Research recommendations are offered.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Generation of murine triomas secreting bi-specific monoclonal antibodies that recognize HBsAG ad and ay subtypes.

We report the generation of murine triomas by fusing splenocytes from mice previously immunized with HBsAg ay-subtype and a hybridoma, secreting anti-HBsAg ad-subtype monoclonal antibody, which was rendered HGPRT- by induced mutagenesis with N-methyl-N'nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The fusion yielded a 83.8% of hybrids showing the antigen specificity of the parental hybridoma and a 16.1% of bi-specific monoclonal antibodies. One of them, coded as 1C8A5, showing a heavy chain isotype (IgG1/IgG2b) was used as capture reagent in an ultramicro-ELISA. As little as 0.78 I.U. of both HBsAg ad- and ay-subtypes could be realiably detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[ Exsanguination, extreme hemodilution and autologous retransfusion in cardiopulmonary bypass].

In ten dogs and seven patients undergoing open heart surgery, 94% of circulatory volume was replaced by electrolitic solutions; extracted blood was stored temporarily at 5degreesC. Usage of blood was avoided for replacement of extracorporeal fluid circuit and blood lost during surgery. After cardiopulmonar bypass, storage blood was transfused. In both experimental and clinical conditions neither renal, electrolitic nor blood alterations were observed.

Adolescent↗