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Biomedical subjects

E Olsson

Publications and source records attributed to E Olsson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Gait analysis in hip and knee surgery.

UNLABELLED: An objective method of gait analysis is presented. It is characterized by: Two five metre long force plates, thus giving possibility of registering several consecutive steps for each foot. Additional equipment has been provided and the whole system has been computerized. Reliability was found to be great and reproducibility good. The method has been used in registering gait variables like time and distance variables, vertical ground reaction forces and sagittal angular movement of hips and knees and these have been correlated to clinical findings. The method has been used in analysis of individuals after pelvic resections preserving the lower extremity, before and after total hip replacement, after total knee replacement and in comparison of two different methods for THR, one cemented (Charnley) and one non-cemented (HP Garches). RESULTS: The gait variables most sensitive in giving evidence of a change in a patient's ambulatory status were maximal vertical force and average velocity followed by step rate, single limb support, and weight acceptance - all measurements of weight bearing capacity. Maximal vertical force and average velocity were the only gait variables that could distinguish the one type of THR from the other. In correlations between the clinical impression of gait function and its objective registration the strongest correlations were found in maximal vertical force and average velocity. Thus, gait analysis is considered a useful tool in the evaluation of locomotor function after surgical procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Correlation between clinical examination and quantitative gait analysis in patients operated upon with the Gunston-Hult knee prosthesis.

A group of 21 patients with total knee joint replacement was followed-up ten years after the operation. The clinical assessment including pain, range of motion, muscle strength and knee function was related to an objective gait analysis which included ground reaction force patterns and joint angular motion. This method of gait analysis not only confirmed in an objective way the impression from the clinical assessment but also provided a more accurate gradation of the results. The method is applicable to patients with weight bearing problems.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Total hip replacement. A comparison between cemented (Charnley) and non-cemented (HP Garches) fixation by clinical assessment and objective gait analysis.

In 119 patients with total hip replacement (THR) 61 were operated on with cemented (Charnley) and 58 with non-cemented (HP Garches) fixation. The assessment was performed by clinical examination and objective registration by gait analysis 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The group with cemented fixation (Charnley) demonstrated better results in all variables. The greatest difference between the groups was found at the 6 months' follow-up. The gait analysis was valuable in the assessment of locomotor function.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A computerized method for clinical gait analysis of floor reaction forces and joint angular motion.

A method for clinical studies of ground reaction forces during gait is presented. A walkway consisting of two force measuring platforms, each five meter long, allows the recording from several consecutive steps from both feet. Signals from photocells and goniometers have been added and a microcomputer system for on line recording and processing have been developed. The accuracy of the system is tested.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

Pancreatic polypeptide-producing tumors. Report on two cases.

Histochemical, chemical and clinical features of two malignant endocrine pancreatic tumors were studied. Both tumors contained pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-immunoreactivity in the majority of tumor cells. In addition, one tumor contained a few scattered serotonin-fluorescent cells and the other scattered gastrin-immunoreactive cells. Pancreatic polypeptide hypersecretion was established from both tumors. Serotonin was produced by one tumor and gastrin was secreted by the other. No PP-associated endocrine symptoms were present, whereas the hypergastrinemia may have caused a bleeding duodenal ulcer in one patient. Although both tumors were highly malignant the clinical courses in the two patients were very different; one patient died within a few months whereas the other is alive 2 years after the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Conservation of repetitive DNA sequences in deer species studied by southern blot transfer.

The Cervidae show one of the largest variations in chromosome number found within a mammalian family. The five species of the deer family which are the subject of this study vary in chromosome number from 2n = 70 to 2n = 6. Digestion with the restriction enzymes EcoRI, HpaII, HaeIII and MspI reveals that there is a series of highly repetitive sequences forming similar band patterns in the different species. To obtain information on the degree of homology among these conserved sequences we isolated a HpaII restriction fragment of approximately 990 base pairs from reindeer DNA. This DNA sequence was 32P-labelled and hybridized by the Southern blot technique to DNAs cleaved with HpaII and HaeIII from the reindeer and four other Cervidae species. Hybridization to specific restriction fragments was recorded in all species. The patterns of hybridization showed a higher degree of similarity between reindeer, elk and roe deer than between reindeer and the Asiatic species (fallow deer and muntjac). Homologies are still present between the highly repetitive sequences of the five species despite the drastic reorganization that led to a change in chromosome number from 6 to 70.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A follow-up examination of the function of the lower extremity after pelvic tumour extirpation including the acetabular ring.

Gait, hip muscular function and clinical features were analysed in 5 patients with chondrosarcoma of the pelvis operated with removal of the tumour, including the acetabular ring. The lower extremity thus remained intact. The aim of this study was to compare the functional results with those obtained in a previous investigation two years earlier. The same tests were used, but more attention was focussed to the functional part and thus step length, gait velocity, and active range of motion were added. At both examinations none of the patients had pain. All performed surprisingly well as regards work and gait. Clinical and objective findings were, however, less impressive. There was a direct relationship between hip extension strength and weight bearing on the operated leg, gait velocity and maximal walking distance. Moreover, the extension strength was also related to the formation of a new acetabular roof and to the age the individual represented, with preference to the young. Compared with the previous examination, 2 patients had made remarkable progress, 2 were unchanged but still showed good results and one showed less good results.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1982

Function after pelvic tumour resection involving the acetabular ring.

Seven patients subjected to pelvic tumour resection involving the acetabular ring were analyzed with respect to function. In addition to conventional clinical assessment gait was analyzed objectively by means of an electronic walk-way and residual hip-muscle power tested by means of a Cybex II dynamometer. Functional results reported by the patients with respect to pain, walking and working capacity appeared better than those elicited by clinical examination. All patients exhibited a marked pelvic tilt and a positive Trendelenburg sign. Only one patient walked without any kind of support. Leg-length discrepancy was on an average 6 cm. Objective gait analysis disclosed that all patients had reduced weight-bearing time on the operated side as compared to the non-operated. This, however, was clearly less pronounced for those patients who appeared best with respect to pain, walking and working capacity. These patients also showed the best hip extension power which appeared more important from a functional point of view than hip flexion and, surprisingly, hip abduction power. Radiographic examination showed that bony support for the proximal femur, provided either by the formation of a bone shelf from the remaining iliac bone or by the remaining iliac bone itself, was of decisive importance for function. The results of the present study show that pelvic tumour resection involving the acetabular ring, provided radical tumour removal can be achieved, constitutes a feasible alternative to hemipelvectomy from a functional point of view.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1982

Cultural methods for the production of heat-stable enterotoxin by porcine strains of Escherichia coli and its detection by the infant mouse test.

Casamino acids-yeast extract medium (CAY) and a tryptone-yeast extract medium (TY-1) were evaluated in testing for production of heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) by porcine strains of Escherichia coli using the infant mouse assay. More strains were ST-positive when grown in CAY medium than in TY-1 medium. Questionably or indeterminately ST positive strains were investigated in detail to determine whether or not they were weak ST producers. Growth in four different media and in different batches of CAY medium, inactivation of culture supernatant fluids at a lower temperature, addition of mitomycin C to growing cultures and preparation of periplasm-cytoplasm fractions of bacteria by sonication, all failed to yield ST positive samples. ST value limits (i.e. ratios of intestinal weight to remaining body weight of challenged mice), which clearly differentiated positive or negative strains for ST production, were set for CAY medium. A minimal salts-amino acids medium (MSA) was devised. Both in shake flask and fermenter cultures MSA medium gave better ST yields than CAY and a previously described defined medium.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of parenteral vaccination of dams on intestinal Escherichia coli in piglets with diarrhea.

To evaluate the effect of widely used parenteral vaccination of dams against neonatal colibacillosis, the virulence factors of the intestinal Escherichia coli flora, namely, O serogroup, enterotoxin(s) produced (heat labile, porcine heat stable, and murine heat stable) and adhesins (K88, K99, and 987P antigens) of 149 piglets from different herds in Sweden were investigated. Three categories were investigated: healthy piglets, diarrheal piglets born to unvaccinated dams, and diarrheal piglets born to dams vaccinated with a polyvalent Formalin-killed whole-cell vaccine containing K88 antigen (Porcovac; Hoechst Pharmaceuticals, Hounslow, England). Piglets less than 1 week old and those 1 to 8 weeks old were evaluated separately. Diarrheal piglets less than 1 week old from vaccinated dams yielded a higher incidence of K99 antigen-positive E. coli of the murine heat-stable enterotoxigenicity type compared with piglets of the same age group from unvaccinated dams. The percentage of diarrheal cases from which E. coli lacking recognized virulence attributes were isolated was also higher in the former compared with the latter group. In the 1- to 8-week-old diarrheal piglets of vaccinated dams, the overall incidence, enterotoxigenicity type, and serotype of the E. coli isolates resembled those of diarrheal piglets less than 1 week of age from unvaccinated herds. Enterotoxigenic E. coli bearing 987P antigen detectable in vitro was rare. Most of the enterotoxigenic isolates lacking K88, K99, and 987P antigens produced only ST. The investigation pinpoints some of the inadequacies of vaccines of the type studied under field conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Rearthroplasty of the hip joint.

Forty patients were reviewed 24 to 52 months after their second, third and fourth arthroplasty of the same hip. The protocol assessed pain, range of motion, leg shortening, gait performance, radiological appearance of the endoprosthesis and included the patient's own evaluation. Results of rearthroplasty were inferior to those of primary procedure, but still good enough, both in the surgeon's and the patient's opinion, to be the method of choice for revision of a failed total hip replacement.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1981

K99 antigen-positive enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from piglets with diarrhea in Sweden.

K88 antigen-negative enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and non-enterotoxigenic strains isolated from piglets with diarrhea were examined for K99 antigen by agglutination tests after growth on Minca-IsoVitaleX (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) agar medium. Of 64 K88-negative enterotoxigenic strains from as many piglets, 17 were found to be K99 positive. Of these, 10 were Swedish and 7 were of Norwegian origin. All 17 produced heat-stable enterotoxin detectable in the infant mouse assay, but only 2 gave positive ligated loop tests in 3- to 7-week-old piglets. Ligated loop tests in 5- to 12-day-old piglets were positive for each of the 15 K99-positive strains tested. Each of the Swedish K99-positive isolates was from a piglet of lesser than or equal to 7 days of age. One piglet harboring a K99-positive strain also harbored an O141:K88 enterotoxigenic strain producing only heat-stable enterotoxin. Five of the Swedish piglets yielding K99-positive isolates were from dams vaccinated wih a multicomponent bacterial vaccine containing K88 antigen. The K99 strains were O:K:H serotyped. The O serogroups represented were O8, O9, O64, O101, and O140. None of the 101 non-enterotoxigenic porcine isolates, representing 42 serogroups and non-O-groupable and rough strains, was found to be K99 positive. The findings indicate that so-called class 2 or atypical porcine enterotoxigenic E. coli should be routinely examined for the presence of K99 antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The Rombo syndrome: a familial disorder with vermiculate atrophoderma, milia, hypotrichosis, trichoepitheliomas, basal cell carcinomas and peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis.

This hitherto unknown and dominantly inherited disorder is characterized by vermiculate atrophoderma, milia, hypotrichosis, trichoepitheliomas, basal cell carcinomas and peripheral vasodilation with cyanosis. It has been present in the family reported for at least four generations. The lesions become visible in late childhood and are most pronounced on the face. Basal cell carcinomas may develop around the age of 35. Histological observations during the early stage include irregularly distributed and atrophic hair follicles, milia, dilated dermal vessels, lack of elastin or elastin in clumps. After light irradiation a tendency to increased repair activity was observed both in epidermis and in the dermal fibroblasts. On exposure to cold the change in the skin temperature of the hands compared with that in the controls was insignificant. The response to adrenalin iontophoresis was weak.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗