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Biomedical subjects

E Otto

Publications and source records attributed to E Otto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Performance dependent lysine requirement of fattening pigs. 3. Effect of amino acid and energy intake on fat, protein and lysine deposition of swine].

The gain in structural matter had a linear course with a corresponding feeding intensity and depending on the period of fattening. However, the animals given high-energy diets deposited 130 g protein per day during the first fattening period, this deposition being compensated in the course of further growth by a considerably lower deposition in the sense of aequifinality. Up to a live weight of 70 kg, animals subjected first to restricted feeding and then to fully balanced feeding revealed the highest protein deposition during the last period of fattening, this fact emphasizing the leanmeat character of the animal material used. The daily fat deposition was found clearly determined by energy intake and independent of amino acid supply. Lysine conversion was influenced by the intake of lysine and energy. Under feeding to norm it reached some 40 and 30% during the first and second periods of fattening, respectively.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

[Performance-related lysine requirement of fattening pigs. 4. Effect of energy and amino acid intakes on composition of gain and derivation of lysine requirement].

The results show that protein and fat syntheses proceed simultaneously in growing swine. Reducing the energy intake during the 2nd half of the fattening period in pigs of modern genetic construction (hybrid pig) is likely to cut both fat and protein deposition per day. This will result in lower daily gains, a longer fattening period and higher energy expenditure. Therfore, it is not advisable to restrict energy supply during the 2nd half of fattening of pigs derived from modern breeding lines. The optimum amino acid : energy ratio allows to make full use of the protein deposition capacity in pigs with prefixed slaughter weight. For the limiting amino acid lysine it was found to be 10.5 g/1,000 energetic feed equivalents (swine) or 3 g/Mcal NEF (swine), and, taking into account amino acid digestibility, 9.5 g dig. lysin/1,000 energetic feed equivalents (swine) and 2.7 g dig. lysin/Mcal NEF (swine), respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Activation-dependent characteristics of the electroencephalogram during visual information processing: II Results of an automatic amplitude analysis based on momentary values of signal voltage (author's transl)].

EEG was recorded in 16 Ss. under conditions of a modified "Konzentrations-Leistung-Test" including four levels of performance (balanced change-over design), and histograms of the momentary values of the signal voltages (derivation F3/01) constructed for frequency bands 4...8 Hz, 8...13 Hz and 13...26 Hz. The type of performance affected significantly standard deviations and the excesses in all frequency bands (multivariate analysis of variance, F-Test). Similar to the results of an interval analysis (Activ. ner. sup. 18, 1976, p. 244), the differences in mean values indicated the preponderant relevance of perceptual factors (NEWMAN-KEULS-Test). Four characteristics showed a significant activation dependence: the standard deviations of the amplitude distributions in the frequency bands 4...8 Hz and 13...26 Hz, corresponding to the root-mean--square values of the signal voltages, as well as the excesses in the frequency bands 8...13 Hz and 13...26 Hz. Only and amplitude of the theta waves were influenced notably by mental arithmetics, significantly though only when this was done under conditions of time stress.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1977

[Repeated characterization, analysis of variance limitation and discrimination analysis classification of EEG-activity patterns in human sleep].

1. To describe quantitatively and to deliminate nine EEG sleep patterns, mean values and standard deviations of abundances of the frequencies 0.8 ... 1.8 c/sec, 2...3.5 c/sec, 4...13c/sec, 14 to 17 c/sec, 18 to 22 c/sec, and 23 to 40 c/sec as well as of the average amplitudes in selected frequency ranges were calaculated and the distributions represented. 2. All nine EEG activity patterns could be separated by means of univariate and multivariate analyses of variance on the basis of all 28 as well as the 17 indispensable variables. 3. In the course of a stepwise reduction of variables within the framework of a linear discriminant analysis an optimal set of 17 variables was determined for the separation of the patterns, comprising: the percent quantity of the frequencies 0.8 ... 3.5 c/sec, 7 ... 9 c/sec and 18 to 40 c/sec as well as the average amplitudes in the frequency ranges 0.8 to 3.5 c/sec and 7.5 to 40 c/sec. 4. By linear regression analyses it could be shown that the sleep scording system used, can be reflected on an interval scale with the aid of discriminant functions; this can be achieved on the basis of the optimal set of variables as well as of the five most indispensable variables. 5. Finally the degree of the objectivity of the scoring procedures was demonstrated. Advantages and disadvantages of sleep scoring systems were discussed and possibilities of the utilization of results suggested, also in respect to the further development of the automatic recognition of EEG activity patterns.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

[Activation-dependent characteristics of the electroencephalogram during visual information--processing: Results of an automatic interval analysis (author's transl)].

EEG signal from fronto-occipital derivation was recorded in 16 Ss during a mental performance test (modified "Konzentrations-Leistungs-Test" including four levels of performance). A balanced changer-over design was used. Interval histograms in four frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta-1 and beta-2 bands) were determined on the basis of peak detection. A total of 44 characteristics were derived and tested (multi-factor analyses of variance, multiple mean comparison and rank tests). Twenty eight of these characteristics were proved to be dependent on activation. In the visual information-processing performances chosen, it could be demonstrated that the intraindividual changes of the spontaneous EEG activity were related predominantly to the perceptual components of the performance. On the other hand, the influence of the performance rate and of the mental-arithmetic itself was of minor relevance. During higher activation an increase in the relative abudance of the theta-band activity was also observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Circulation load test and quality of meat in fattening pigs of known genetic origin].

102 fattened pigs with known genetic origin were tested on a conveyor-belt 1--4 days before slaughtering. 64 animals run in the first passage in each case 154 m in a 4 minutes (0.64 m/s), compared to it the 38 animals of the second passage run in each case 770 m in 20 minutes. Measurements of heart frequency and breathing and body temperature were taken before and at intervals until 30 minutes after movement. After slaughtering the values of pH, colour and drip loss of the M. longissimus dorsi were measured. It turned out a difference in the meat quality with a high part of PSE-meat in the first passage (36%), caused by season. The criterion "recovery time of heart action after load" was able to value the stress susceptibility in dependence on meat quality p.m. Animals with a longer recovery time exhibited a lower pH45 value, a lighter colour and a higher drip loss of meat. But only after a certain stress intensity (2. passage) the assertion was given.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Dental and mandibular studies on mummies. Contribution of a stomatologist].

This is the sequence to an investigation on a mummy, 1965. Two further mummies could be examined: the first, a woman about 34 years old, from the 1st to 3rd century, shows similar advanced destruction of the teeth as the mummy investigated in 1965, caused by sand in the hand milled bread flour. This caused an early loss of molars by exaggerated abrasion, exposure of the pulps and periodontal bone loss. There was no evidence of occlusal caries. The second mummy was a 18-year-old young woman, 800-700 b. C. From the inscriptions on the sarcophagus name, family and living circumstances could be found. The same damages were found here, there was only a gradual difference owing to age difference. An interesting special finding was the absence of lip closure and the postmortal damage to the front teeth which may have been caused by the ritual of mouth opening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Analysis of variance delimitation of factors influencing studies of acoustic evoked potentials].

The effect of the variables "stimulus intensity", "residual effect of previous stimulus intensity", "period effect" and "subject effect" on the amplitudes and on the peak latencies of the N1 and P1 components of the acoustical EEG evoked potentials was studied in human subjects with the use of an orthogonal experimental design. The stimulus intensity (30, 50 and 80 dB) accounts for the greatest part of the total variance of the amplitudes and of the peak latencies of N1.-The existence of a totalvariance component due to differences between the subjects is also statistically significant (P equals 5%), As far as the period effect (habituation effect) is concerned, only its effect on the amplitude of N1 - P2 is statistically significant. - The residual effect of the stimulus intensity used in the previous series was not significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Variance and discriminatory analyses for the classification of wakefulness-dependent EEG patterns].

1. To describe 8 alertness-dependent EEG activity patterns to be observed during wakefulness with eyes closed, mean values and standard deviations of the frequencies 4, ..., 13, 14 to 17, 18 to 22 and 23 to 40 c/sec, of the percentage activity in the theta, alpha and beta bands as well as of the theta and alpha amplitudes were calculated. 2. On the basis of 18 variables significant differences between 7 activity patterns were ascertained by means of univariate and multivariate analyses of variance. 3. In the course of stepwise reduction of variables within the framework of a linear discriminatory analysis, an optimal set of variables was determined for the separation of the patterns comprising the following variables: mean value and standard deviation of the alpha amplitudes and mean value of the theta amplitudes as well as the percent quantity of the frequencies 3, ..., 7, 10, 14 to 17 and 23 to 40 c/sec. 4. By means of a linear regression analysis it was shown that the EEG scoring system can be reflected on an interval scale. In connection with results on the reliability of the methods used the results were discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗