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Biomedical subjects

E S Crelin

Publications and source records attributed to E S Crelin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Sonographic visualization of physiologic anterior abdominal wall hernia in the first trimester.

Ultrasonography is able to detect some fetal abnormalities as early as the first trimester of pregnancy. Using high-resolution ultrasound equipment, it is possible to demonstrate physiologic herniation of the midgut, which usually occurs between eight and nine weeks' gestation (calculated by last menstrual period). Fourteen cases have been studied with weekly ultrasound examinations between seven and 12 weeks' gestation. This herniation varied to a large extent in the different embryos depending on the amount of protruding intestine. In embryologic terms, the return of the intestine into the peritoneal cavity, and its rotation and fixation to the posterior abdominal wall, should be concluded at ten to 12 weeks. In all cases studied, the persistence of umbilical herniation could be ruled out by sonographic visualization of the umbilical cord insertion between ten and 12 weeks. Therefore, the suspicion of a severe congenital abdominal wall defect, such as omphalocele, umbilical herniation, or gastroschisis can reliably be confirmed only after 12 weeks' gestation.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1980

Tantalum markers as an aid in identifying the upper respiratory structures of experimental animals.

Tantalum clips were easily attached to upper respiratory structures in sheep, cats and nonhuman primates. Cineradiography of these animals showed that the clips served to locate precisely the movement and position of the tagged structures during all phases of respiration, deglutition and vocalization. The use of clips as markers surpassed in accuracy the usual approach of outlining structures with the residue from a barium swallow.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Anatomy and osteotomy of the greater trochanter.

Eleven human cadaver hips were dissected to define exactly the musculofascial anatomy of the greater trochanter and the supportive structures around it. A readily identifiable plane was defined that permitted osteotomy of the greater trochanter from an anterior approach leaving the vastus lateralis attached to it so that the trochanter could be folded posteriorly and then replaced securely. The osteotomy has been used in difficult total hip replacements at Waterbury (Conn) Hospital and found to be very satisfactory with no wire or bolt fixation necessary to maintain trochanter stability after surgery. Until a large series of these osteotomies has been reviewed, however, additional fixation may be advisable.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1977

Postnatal descent of the epiglottis in man. A preliminary report.

The function of the epiglottis in adult man is unclear. However, during early infancy the epiglottic cartilage appears to play an important role in separating the upper respiratory tract from the upper digestive tract. This separation is accomplished by approximation of the epiglottis to the palate, providing a continuous airway from the nose through the larynx into the trachea. This structural arrangement, however, is uniquely lost in man during postnatal development. Maturational descent of the epiglottis, found to occur between 4 and 6 months of age, is verified by cineradiography. This structural change, requiring a reorganization of respiratory function, represents a discrete developmental event manifesting the potential for oral tidal respiration from a pattern of obligate nasal breathing. This period, four to six months postnatally, interestingly coincides with the peak incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (crib death), which similarly occurs at 3 to 5 months of age.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Some new observations on the functional anatomy of the lower cervical spine.

The ligaments are a major stabilizing component of the cervical spine and are critical for spinal stability as well as stabilization therapy. Relatively little information is available on the anatomic details and function of the cervical ligaments. Fifteen fresh cervical spines were dissected and the ligaments examined grossly and functionally. Eight different intrinsic ligaments of the lower cervical spine were identified. The largest and most rigid of these are the annulus fibrosus, posterior longitudinal ligament, and capsular ligament. By virtue of their size and certain biomechanical observations, these ligaments stabilize the cervical spine. The other ligaments play a more specialized and secondary role. The intertransverse ligaments, although thin and frail, are consistently found and appear to limit rotation and lateral bending, the anterior longitudinal ligament limits extension and the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments limit spinal flexion. Under physiologic conditions, the elastic ligamentum flavum permits extension of the spine without impinging upon the spinal cord or nerve roots. As a group, the ligaments of the cervical spine control motion within finite limits without jeopardizing spinal cord or nerve root function.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Osteogenesis imperfecta tarda. The morphology of rib biopsies.

Undecalcified bone biopsy specimens from 10 normal individuals and 8 osteogenesis imperfecta patients, 2 to 30 years of age, were analyzed using microradiography as well as ultraviolet, tungsten and polarized light microscope techniques. Biopsies of ribs most reliably reflected the disease process of osteogenesis imperfecta when compared to those biopsies of long bones in the lower extremities deformed enough to require corrective surgery. The rib biopsies consistently revealed that there is a rapid surface turnover of histologically well-organized but osteopenic bone. The high rate of bone turnover is similar to that seen in very young normals but in osteogenesis imperfecta turnover rate does not appear to decline with age. The percentage of surface involved in active new bone formation and in osteoclastic resorption is notably elevated. Excessive osteocyte osteolysis is also characteristic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1969

Interpubic ligament: elasticity in pregnant free-tailed bat.

The disparity between the size of the bony pelvis of a pregncant free-tailed bat and the single full-term fetus is so great that in order for birth to occur the interpublic ligament has to stretch to more than 15 times its original length. It is a living elastic band that contains an abundance of elastic fibers.

Animals↗