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E S Crelin

Publications and source records attributed to E S Crelin.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Oxonic acid and fetal development: I. Embryotoxicity in mice.

Feeding the uricase inhibitor potassium oxonate (K Ox) as 3( of the diet to pregnant mice during days 8-10 postconception caused a 95-98% incidence of embryonic mortality with resorption. The same treatment during days 10-13 of gestation caused no changes in litter size and fetal weight; however, if in addition to feeding K Ox, three concurrent i.v. injections of 2.5 mg/day of Na urate (Na UR) were given then 47% of the mouse fetuses were killed and resorbed. Intravenous Na urate alone during the same stages of early and middle pregnancy had no effect on fetal survival or development. A 3.6% incidence of cleft palate was caused in mice treated with the combination of K Ox and Na UR during middle pregnancy. In groups of mature nonpregnant female mice exposed to the same treatment regimens, serum uric acid, potassium and sodium were elevated in a treatment-related manner. Serum urea levels were unchanged. K Ox is lethal to mouse fetuses during early embryonic development. Hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia or hypernatremia are maternal alterations which may be responsible for, or contribute to this effect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography in the study of the development of the skull base: 1. Normal morphology.

We examined 11 human fetuses (18 to 30 weeks' gestation) with high resolution CT to study the developmental ossification of the two main component structures of the skull base, the temporal and sphenoid bones. Computed tomography, with its excellent contrast discrimination, allowed clear visualization of the morphology of ossifying centers. Skull base growth during this gestational period was found to be a dynamic event with rapid changes in morphology and interosseous relationships. The growth of the sphenoid body on CT corroborates the studies done by Kodama, who used dehydrated skulls. The temporal bone proceeded in a stepwise fashion; complete encapsulation of the membranous labyrinth occurred before it grew anteroposteriorly to form the apex and mastoid.

Gestational Age↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of the human foot as a résumé of its evolution.

The changes the human foot undergoes during its development are described as indications of structural and functional changes which might have occurred during the evolution of the vertebrate hind foot. The human foot, when compared to other vertebrate feet, appears to be a relatively minor modification of the plantigrade hind foot of the shrew-like insectivores that gave rise to all of the mammals. There is no developmental evidence to indicate that the first toe of the human foot was ever prehensile. Thus, the generally accepted evolutionary view, which depicts the feet of the early ancestors of modern human beings as having ape-like prehensile first toes, is seriously questioned.

Anatomy, Comparative↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ligament of the head of the femur in the orangutan and Indian elephant.

A literature search revealed that for over 100 years there has been a consensus that the ligament of the head of the femur (LHF) is absent in the orangutan and elephant. A dissection of the hip joints of an adult orangutan and an adult Indian elephant exposed, in each joint, a robust LHF that is functionally important. These LHFs are easily overlooked during a cursory examination of the hip joints because of the way they differ from the human LHF.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The function of the epiglottis in monkey and man.

In stumptail monkeys from birth to adulthood, and in very young human infants, the epiglottis serves to guide the larynx upwardly behind the soft palate so it can lock into the nasopharynx and remain there during respiration. After early infancy in man the attainment of a larynx-nasopharynx connection is uniquely lost, causing the epiglottis to have no essential function.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental cord stretchability and the tethered cord syndrome.

Much remains to be learned about the embryology and pathophysiology of the "tethered cord syndrome." Of particular importance in tethered cord syndrome is spinal cord stretchability and its relation to resultant cord dysfunction. In this study, cord elongation was observed in fresh fetuses and in animals by applying weights or forceps traction at the conus medullariscauda equina region. The results show that maximum cord elongation occurs in the lumbar region, some occurs in the thoracic area, and minimal to no elongation occurs in the cervical region. These results are concordant with clinically observed lumbosacral cord dysfunction and oxidative and electrophysiologic impairment of the lumbosacral cord in tethered cord syndrome as shown by other investigators.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Skull phylogeny: an investigation using radiography and high-resolution computed tomography.

To demonstrate the phylogenetic changes that have led to the current form of the human skull, dried skulls of various representative vertebrates were examined using plain radiography and high-resolution computed tomography. The latter was chosen rather than pluridirectional tomography in anticipation of its future role as the major method for imaging the skull base. The phylogenetic history of the human skull is reviewed by considering separately the evolution of the calvarium, zygomatic arch, palate, jaw, and skull base.

Anatomy, Comparative↗