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Biomedical subjects

E S Kiseleva

Publications and source records attributed to E S Kiseleva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Present trends in the development of radiotherapy].

New potentialities of radiotherapy of cancer patients are associated with three scientific directions: investigations in clinical radiology, the use of advantages of radiation advanced technology and guarantees of therapeutic quality. The first direction includes scientifically substantiated regimens of non-classic dose fractionation, various radiomodifiers and their combinations, and individual prognosis of a tumor response to ionizing radiation. This direction based on 3000 cases, holds promise. The second direction is associated with the advantages of modern technology used for diagnosis, topometry and radiotherapy design. The third direction is intended to reduce differences in radiotherapy quality between research institutes and cancer hospitals.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Prospects of development of radiotherapy in an oncological clinic].

It is believed that new anticancer potential of radiotherapy lies in further research efforts in the fields of: clinical radiobiology, utilization of the last developments in radiological equipment, overall high quality of radiological service. Research in radiobiology should be aimed at the design of nonstandard dose fractionation, introduction of various modifiers and their combinations, prediction of individual responses of the tumor to ionizing radiation. First-hand clinical data on 3000 cases support the promise of such approach. The advantages of modern equipment could be successfully realized at the stage of confirming the diagnosis and topography++, design of the treatment schedule and in the process of radiotherapy. To warrant the same quality of radiological service rendered in large cancer research centers and provincial hospitals, the latter should be provided with relevant equipment, methodological instructions, participate in current cooperative programs.

Cancer Care Facilities↗
PubMed1991

[A computer system for planning radiation therapy--the ROPLAN].

A computerized system of optimum plans of radiotherapy (computer SM 1420) was developed for the first time in the USSR. The ROPLAN system was adapted to a dosimetric design of irradiation sessions for all radiotherapy units, manufactured in the USSR, and provides for modes of initialization, design, storage and collection of data for all radiotherapeutic methods.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Criteria for selecting patients with breast cancer for organ-saving operations].

The study discusses the results of treatment of 597 cases of stage I-IIa breast cancer who underwent either mastectomy after Halsted, Patey or Pirogov (434 patients), or organ-saving radical resection of the breast (163). The analysis of the data identified biologic, morphologic, psychologic and anthropometric criteria as well as laboratory tests which may serve as criteria for selecting candidates for organ-saving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. In a group of patients who met the criteria, sparing surgery yielded good results in terms of five-year survival rate (88.9%) and degree of socio-occupational rehabilitation.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[The therapeutic procedure at the 1st stage of the combined therapy of patients with small-cell ling cancer].

General principles of management of localized small-cell lung cancer were developed using the experience of treatment of 300 cases of the disease. Tumor extent should be assessed according to the TNM classification. The effectiveness of surgery + radiation as a first component of complex treatment was evaluated in a randomized study which included 71 patients. Patients with T1-3 primary tumor and metastatic involvement of bronchopulmonary lymph nodes, those of the lung root and a group of tracheobronchial lymph nodes (NI-2) should be radically treated with either surgery or radiation. Unless contraindicated, surgery should be preferred at the first stage. However, treatment should start with irradiation in cases of lymph node involvement. The second stage should include combination chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Nontraditional fractionation of doses of ionizing radiation in clinical practice].

Various types of non-routine dose fractionation were used in 2062 patients with malignant tumors of different sites. The conclusion was that superfractionation was more preferable for tumors with a high proliferative pool, with fast growth rates, marked radiosensitivity. It ensures the protection of normal tissues without a decrease or even with an increase in an antitumor effect. Such fractionation can be recommended when large tissue areas are to be irradiated. Dynamic dose fractionation regimens proved to be more effective than the use of large fractions not only in squamous cell carcinoma but also in sarcoma both before operation and as therapy after a radical program.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1989

[Dynamics of the x-ray picture of bone metastases of thyroid cancer as affected by radiotherapy].

Teletherapy or radiotherapy combined with 131I for thyroid cancer metastases to the bones caused the development of bone reparation in 70%, in 17% the picture remained unchanged; signs of further tumor growth were observed in 13%. An early x-ray sign of therapeutic efficacy was the decreased soft tissue component of a metastatic tumor 3-5 mos after the initiation of therapy. Disease stabilization was observed in 2.5-3 yrs. X-ray manifestations of bone reparation looked as sclerotic changes along the periphery of a focus of lesion and depended on the sizes of a metastasis and its localization in the skeleton.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Preoperative radiotherapy in the combined treatment of lung cancer patients.

The results of a cooperative study on combined treatment and preoperative radiotherapy in 478 lung cancer patients were analyzed. Intensive fractionated radiotherapy was given at doses of 4 Gy for 5 days, the total dosage thus attaining 20 Gy. 218 patients received combined treatment, 260 patients were treated only surgically. A comparison of the 5-year survival rates of Stage I and II patients did not show any advantage in favor of the used therapeutic modality. The combined treatment with preoperative radiotherapy, however, improved the survival rates of Stage III patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The 3-year rate in these patients was 49.4% and the 5-year rate was 29.2%, while those found in the patients treated only surgically were 28.1% and 15.8%, respectively. In all patients with regional metastases the effectiveness of the treatment was higher when the combined method was employed.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1988

[Radiotherapy in the combined modality treatment of patients with malignant tumors].

Proceeding from an analysis of their own experience in the combined treatment of over 4000 patients with malignant tumors of the main sites, the authors evaluate the importance of the methodological aspects of pre- and post-operative radiation therapy: levels of total absorbed doses, techniques of their fractionation, object and volume to be irradiated, and values of an interval between modalities of combined therapy. Their improvement on the basis of the latest advances in oncology, clinical radiology and radiobiology is one of the realistic ways for improving therapeutic results. The prospects of such improvement are associated with the development of uncommon dose fractionation schemes and the use of various modifiers in preoperative irradiation and extended indications for post-operative irradiation.

Combined Modality Therapy↗