Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E Salomonowitz.
A model for analysis, adapted to double contrast technique, is presented which helps to detect extrinsic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. During retrospective evaluation of double contrast examinations of 73 patients this scheme enabled the correct diagnosis in 96%.
A simple device for localisation of non-palpable lesions of the breast has been developed. It consists of two metal grids which facilitate mammographic fine needle puncture and preoperative marking of small lesions. The instrument is easy to handle and can be used at any mammographic unit without special adjustments.
A case report is given of a patient with Behçet's syndrome presenting with relapsing diarrhea and genital ulcers; similar cases from the literature are discussed. Neither the radiological nor the colonoscopic symptoms are typical in Behçet's syndrome and thus do not allow differentiating it from other forms of colitis. For that reason all forms of colitis accompanied by extraintestinal lesions, especially genital ulceration, should give rise to the suspicion of Behçet's syndrome.
The concept of radiation therapy of carcinoma of the prostate includes radiation of the primary tumour via a perineal field, besides ventral and dorsal irradiation fields. Therapy planning adapted to the individual anatomical conditions in the minor pelvis led to location of the prostate via perineal, sagittal ultrasonic tomography. Sonographic examination was conducted in 10 patients with carcinoma of the prostate, in 5 patients with benign enlargements of the organ and in 5 patients with urologically normal findings, taking the positioning of the patient during irradiation into consideration. In 18 of these 20 patients it was possible to determine the anatomical parameters relevant to therapeutic planning. Choice of the field dimensions, focal depth and angle of inclination of the central beam were greatly facilitated by this easy examination method which can be conducted as a routine measure.
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A unique case of primary local tumor-forming amyloidosis in the ovary associated with endometriosis is reported. The substance is identified as immunamyloid. Pathogenic concepts are discussed.
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A modification of the double contrast technique for examining the small bowel is described. This employs an infusion system with variable infusion pressure, which makes it possible to adjust the flow of contrast medium, methyl cellulose and water separately, permitting continuous double contrast demonstration of the entire small bowel. The ileum, which was poorly demonstrated by conventional double contrast methods, can be shown satisfactorily in a high percentage of cases (70%). Side effects and failures, which were frequent at first, have become less common with increasing experience.
The radiation exposure of jejunum, skin and gonads during dynamic double contrast studies of the small intestine was measured by thermoluminescence-dosimetry. This radiological examination performed under fluoroscopic control, resulted in a higher dose of skin radiation than when applying conventional methods. The gonadal dose, however was not increased when small fields of view were used during fluoroscopy.
PURPOSE: Retrospective analysis of the results of rt-PA thrombolysis in the treatment of acute thromboembolic occlusion of the upper limb. METHODS: Of 55 patients with demonstrated acute embolic arterial occlusion, rt-PA thrombolysis was performed on 40 occlusions in 38 patients (23 women with a mean age of 62 years, range 32-85 years; 15 men with a mean age of 65 years, range 32-92 years) according to the following design: 6 mg rt-PA/hr for 30 min, 3 mg rt-PA/hr for the next 30 min, 1 mg rt-PA/hr for 7 hr, and 0.4 mg rt-PA/hr until the end of lysis. Onset of symptoms varied from 1 to 14 days. Included were three isolated upper-arm occlusions, nine combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and 28 forearm and hand artery occlusions. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 55%. The lysis results for isolated upper arm, combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and forearm and hand artery occlusions were 100%, 66%, and 46%, respectively. In eight patients surgical embolectomy had to be performed after failed thrombolysis. No amputation was required in the follow-up period. No lethal complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Interventional rt-PA treatment of proximal upper-extremity arterial occlusions may be performed with comparable success rates to surgical embolectomy and without severe complications. For distal occlusions the results are inferior to the success rates obtained with surgery.
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Seven patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis presented a total of ten venous stenoses which were treated with self-expanding metallic vascular endoprostheses. Four lesions were central (brachiocephalic and subclavian vein). One acute occlusion could be successfully recanalized by PTA. Restenosis prompted seven secondary interventions. Four patients underwent a kidney transplantation between 5 and 8 months after vascular stenting. Definite occlusion occurred in one patient. According to our experience, stenting of large central veins in hemodialysis patients seems less prone to restenosis due to intimal hyperplasia. Despite a high restenosis rate in the peripheral lesions we believe that stenting is a useful tool in the treatment of hemodialysis-related venous stenosis, permitting a significant prolongation of shunt function.
Diseases of the orbital apex and cavernous sinus usually present with involvement of multiple cranial nerves, corresponding to the complex anatomy of the region. In nontraumatic disorders, magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic modality of choice. However, its capabilities can be fully used only with thorough knowledge of the complicated topographic relationships in this region. This article describes the imaging anatomy of the cranio-orbital junction and adjacent subarachnoid spaces. High-resolution magnetic resonance images of normal subjects are presented, and the results are compared with findings reported in the literature. The following anatomic structures can be visualized on high-resolution magnetic resonance images: extraocular muscles and corresponding connective tissue, major orbital and cerebral arteries, ophthalmic veins, cavernous sinus, and all sensory and motor cranial nerves of the eye along their intraorbital and intracranial course.
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