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Biomedical subjects

E Shimizu

Publications and source records attributed to E Shimizu.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hodgkin's disease in hairy cell leukemia. Phenotypic characterization of neoplastic cells.

A case of Hodgkin's disease (HD) in a patient with long-standing hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is reported. The diagnosis of HCL was confirmed by clinical features (chronic illness with marked splenomegaly) and hematopathologic findings (increase of characteristic hairy cells with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in peripheral blood and bone marrow). Cervical lymphadenopathy first appeared 6 years after the diagnosis of HCL, and histologic features of the node were characteristic of HD. As it was possible that the neoplastic cells of both lesions might have originated from a single clone, their phenotypic features were defined. The hairy cells were found to bear surface immunoglobulin, receptors for complement components, leukocyte common antigen, and antigen defined by LN-1 monoclonal antibody, whereas lymph node lesion was characterized as HD because the Reed-Sternberg-like cells were positive for Leu M1 antigen, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen. Since there was no evidence indicating a common clonal origin, it is more likely to consider that both lesions are derived from different clones.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Autopsy findings in a Japanese patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A 37-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed as having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the basis of a homosexual history, generalized lymphadenopathy, marked decrease of helper/inducer T cells in the peripheral blood, and positive serum antibody (antibodies) against human immunodeficiency virus (human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus). Autopsy showed severe depletion of lymphocytes in the lymphoid organs including the systemic lymph nodes, spleen, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and adrenal cytomegalovirus infection ('necrotizing adrenalitis') were identified, but there was no neoplasm. Postmortem findings in AIDS were reviewed in the literature.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Human tumor clonogenic assay for carcinoma of the lung. II. Factors that influence colony formation in soft agar.

The human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA) has potential value for studies of both the chemosensitivity and biology of human tumors. However, many technical problems including low plating efficiencies and the preparation of sufficient numbers of viable cells remain. In this study, an improved method for disaggregation of solid tumors increased the yield of single cells. Consequently, more than 10 anticancer drugs could be tested in 94 of 168 specimens (56%). Removal of peripheral blood lymphocytes from cell suspensions derived from effusions also improved colony formation. Adequate growth for sensitivity testing (greater than 30 colonies/plate) was obtained in 122 cases (73%), inadequate growth for drug evaluation (5-29 colonies/plate) in 29 cases (17%), and no colony formation (less than 5 colonies/plate) in 17 cases (10%) of the 168 viable samples. The cloning efficiencies of cells derived from primary tumors (median 0.015%) were higher than those of cells derived from metastatic tumors (0.012%), and they varied with the location of the metastatic site. Cloning efficiencies varied markedly from specimen to specimen, and were unaffected by tumor histology, grade of differentiation, patient age, stage of disease, or prior chemotherapy. The HTCA is promising as a potential tool for studying the biology of tumors.

Agar↗
PubMed1987

[The study in the relationship between serum calcium and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) by employing the various kits of PTH assay].

In order to evaluate the influences of serum PTH assay in the various concentrations of serum calcium, we divided into three groups which serum calcium had below 8.0 mg/dl, 8.2 mg/dl to 9.8 mg/dl and above 10.0 mg/dl at random samples and assayed PTH in serum sample, using various kits of PTH assay obtained from commercial sources. Our results suggested that the measurement of serum PTH influenced by the concentration of serum calcium and therefore, should be taken an attention of serum calcium in each sample.

Calcium↗
PubMed1987

[The measurement of serum human parathyroid hormone (h-PTH53-84) and effect of exercise on calcium metabolism].

This study was focussed our attention on the measurement within the upper physiological level of human serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), using kits of human PTH 53-84. This assay kit was able to detect serum PTH in sera with subtle changes of serum calcium concentrations before and after short term exercise. These serum PTH levels before and after exercise seemed to be changed within the upper physiological levels of PTH. Thus, this study suggested that the assay kit was likely to become a useful tool of the measurement of the physiological level of serum PTH in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A phase II study of vindesine for pretreated non-small cell lung cancer].

A phase II evaluation of vindesine (VDS) was performed in 16 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (ten patients with adenocarcinoma, six patients with squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient with large cell carcinoma). All except one of the patients had had prior chemotherapy. VDS at a dose of 3 mg/m2 was given intravenously every week for more than three weeks. Among 16 evaluable patients, two patients with pretreated adenocarcinoma of the lung showed partial response. The response rate for VDS was 12.5%. Toxic effects included leukopenia (94%), anemia (44%), thrombopenia (13%), alopecia (38%), peripheral neurotoxicity (38%), liver injury (19%), constipation (13%), anorexia (13%), nausea (13%), stomatitis (6%) and fever (6%).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Synergism of recombinant human interferon gamma with liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide in activation of the tumoricidal properties of human monocytes.

Freshly isolated human peripheral blood monocytes from healthy volunteers are not cytotoxic to allogeneic A375 melanoma cells, but they were rendered tumoricidal by incubation in vitro with either liposomes containing 5 micrograms/mumol phospholipid of muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (liposome-MTP-PE; optimal dose, 500 nmol/ml) or recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma; optimal dose, 100 U/ml). A combination of sub-threshold concentrations of liposome-MTP-PE (50 nmol/ml) and rIFN-gamma (1 or 10 U/ml) also induced significant tumor-cell killing, indicating that the effects of rIFN-gamma and liposome-MTP-PE in monocyte activation are synergistic. In contrast to rIFN-gamma, recombinant IFN-alpha and IFN-beta had additive effects with liposome-MTP-PE in human monocyte activation. Since recombinant human IFN-gamma has a synergistic effect with liposome-MTP-PE in monocyte activation, unlike IFN-alpha or IFN-beta, and liposome-MTP-PE as well as rIFN-gamma is available at standardized concentrations, this combination could be of clinical value in the treatment of disseminated malignant disease.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1986

Serial plasma carcinoembryonic antigen measurement for monitoring patients with advanced lung cancer during chemotherapy.

The plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in 243 patients with untreated advanced lung cancer were studied to assess their value for prognosis and for indicating the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Of patients with adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma, 43%, 24%, 7%, and 13%, respectively, had elevated CEA levels of 20 ng/ml or greater before treatment. Pretreatment CEA levels were elevated to above 20 ng/ml for 38% of 163 patients with extensive disease and for 22% of 80 patients with limited disease (P less than 0.02). In patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, the pretreatment CEA levels were not correlated with response to chemotherapy and patients' survival. Serial measurement of plasma CEA was a useful noninvasive technique for monitoring the response to chemotherapy in patients whose pretreatment levels were 20 ng/ml or higher. All of 18 patients with complete or partial responses and 5 of 6 patients with minor responses showed greater than 36% decrease in the CEA level compared with the pretreatment level. In all of nine patients with progressive disease, the CEA levels increased after chemotherapy. Therefore, an increase of greater than 36% beyond the baseline level was a useful guideline criterion for a significant change for determination of tumor response to chemotherapy, although 41% of 22 patients with stable disease exceeded the pretreatment level by 36% or more in either direction (mean percent change +/- standard deviation, -4.1% +/- 52.2%), and 4 of 9 patients with progressive disease did not have levels greater than 36% above the baseline levels.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Histopathological study of human cisplatin nephropathy.

The present study was conducted to obtain detailed information on the morphological changes in the human kidney as related to cisplatin therapy. The kidneys of ten autopsy cases showing impaired renal function following cisplatin therapy with hydration were examined histologically. Sporadic lesions of degeneration, necrosis, and regenerative changes were observed in the pars convoluta and pars recta of the proximal tubule, distal tubule, and collecting duct. Enlarged and pleomorphic nuclei in regenerated epithelial cells and hyperplasia of the collecting duct lining cells were considered to be specific histological findings in renal injury related to cisplatin therapy. Electron microscopic examination of a case receiving a large dose of cisplatin without signs of renal insufficiency showed an increased number of cytosomes containing electron dense granules in all tubular portions and conspicuous nuclear indentation in the thin limb of the loop of Henle and collecting duct. The platinum concentration in autopsy organs and biopsy cases was analyzed, but no correlation could be found between the concentration level of platinum in the kidney and impairment of renal function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

In vitro chemosensitivity patterns of carcinoma of the lung in human tumor clonogenic assay.

One hundred and sixty-eight different specimens of human carcinoma of the lung were tested for in vitro drug sensitivity using the human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA) originally described by Hamburger and Salmon. One hundred and twenty-two (73%) specimens grew adequately for chemosensitivity testing. Most tumors were resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs, but in vitro sensitivity, regardless of the type of drugs, varied markedly from specimen to specimen. Although response rates to individual drugs ranged between 9% and 23%, half the specimens tested were sensitive in vitro to at least one drug. A higher in vitro sensitivity rate was observed in small cell lung carcinoma (31%) than in non-small cell lung carcinoma (17%). The frequency of in vitro sensitivity was greater for patients who had received no prior chemotherapy than those who were in relapse. These in vitro results are similar to current clinical experience. There was a significant association between in vitro sensitivity of cells from a primary tumor as compared to its metastases. Overall HTCA appears to be useful in selecting appropriate chemotherapy for individual patients with carcinoma of the lung.

Antineoplastic Agents↗