[Hemorrhagic rectocolitis following liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis].
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Colitis, Ulcerative↗
Biomedical subjects
F Berger
Publications and source records attributed to F Berger.
[Diagnostic imaging of a TSH-producing pituitary adenoma associated with the "empty sella" by somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptor scintigraphy].
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Adenoma↗
[NMR perfusion imaging: applications to the study of brain tumor angiogenesis].
NMR imaging allow specific study of contrast variations due to intravascular agents. It is possible to measure regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV). In brain tumor, this parameter allow to characterize tumoral vascularisation and blood brain barrier lesions. We use today 1st pass bolus technic. Easy to perform in clinical practice, it is useful for differential diagnosis, prebiopsic planning and follow up of lesions. That should be particularly interesting to evaluate the anti-angiogenic treatment efficiency.
Brain Neoplasms↗
[Advantages and limitations of whole-body bone marrow MRI using Turbo-STIR sequences in comparison to planar bone scans] .
UNLABELLED: At modern MRI tomographs the whole body can be screened for bone marrow metastases within 45 min. AIM of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic advantages and disadvantages of a whole-body bone marrow MRI protocol using Turbo Short Tau Inversion Recovery [STIR] sequences in comparison to planar bone scintigraphy (SZ). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In order to screen for bone metastases within two weeks SZ and whole-body MRI with Turbo-STIR-sequences were performed in 20 patients with known breast cancer. For further evaluation five regions were defined: skull, spine including the pelvis, femora, humeri and ribs including scapulae and sternum. RESULTS: In 9/20 patients neither with SZ nor with MRI bone metastases were detected (staging M0). Among the remaining 11 patients SZ detected 109 and MRI 150 lesions which were typical for bone metastases. All of these 11 patients were staged M1 correspondingly with both methods. Within the thorax (ribs, sternum, scapulae) MRI discovered only 6/17 and within the skull 0/6 lesions which were suspicious for metastases in SZ. Inversely MRI identified much more metastatic lesions than SZ within the femora (20/16), the humeri (14/12) and the spine including the pelvis (110/58). CONCLUSIONS: Susceptibility-, truncation-, chemical-shift-, third arm- and particularly pulsation artifacts along with the impossibility to chose slice orientation equally advantageous for all regions of the body cause impaired image quality of MRI whole body scanning. Therefore, concerning the detection rate of bone metastases within the thorax (ribs, sternum and scapulae) and the skull, conventional Turbo-STIR-MRI whole-body scans are even less accurate than conventional planar bone scintigraphy in those regions.
Bone Marrow↗
Quantitative comparison of automatic and interactive methods for MRI-SPECT image registration of the brain based on 3-dimensional calculation of error.
UNLABELLED: A wide range of techniques for registration of medical images has been devised in recent years. The aim of this study is to quantify the overall spatial registration error of 3 different methods for image registration: interactive matching, surface matching, and uniformity index matching as described by Woods. METHODS: MRI and ethylcysteinate dimer-SPECT images of the brain were registered for 15 patients. The matching error was assessed by determining intra- and interobserver variability of registrations. Quantification of the registration error was based on the mean spatial distance of 5000 voxels between 2 image positions. The mean position after repeated registrations in each patient was used as the gold standard. To evaluate the coherence of the 3 different registration methods, intermethod variability was determined. RESULTS: Interactive matching showed an intraobserver/interobserver variability of 1.5+/-0.3 mm/1.6+/-0.3 mm (mean +/- SD). The time demand for this method was 11+/-5 min. Surface matching revealed a variability of 2.6+/-1.1 mm/3.8+/-1.0 mm and a time demand of 26+/-12 min. Reproducibility of Woods' algorithm was 2.2+/-0.8 mm with a time demand of 9+/-3 min. In 4 of the 15 cases, Woods' method failed. The mean deviation between all 3 methods was 2.3+/-0.8 mm. CONCLUSION: With a suitable user interface, interactive matching had the lowest registration error. The influence of subjectivity was shown to be negligible. Therefore, interactive matching is our preferred technique for image fusion of the brain.
Adult↗
[Cerebral intravascular lymphoma during T CD4+ idiopathic lymphopenia syndrome].
BACKGROUND: Intravascular lymphoma is a proliferation of lymphoid cells, usually B cells, in small vessels, predominantly in the nervous system and skin. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a man with a 3-year history of lymphopenia with no detectable etiology (all viral causes were ruled out) who developed intravascular lymphoma in the cerebral vessels. DISCUSSION: This case was particular as the patient had idiopathic CD4+ lymphopenia. It points out the probable role of immunodepression in the development of lymphomas, particularly in endovascular localizations.
Aged↗
[Atrial fibrillation: a common problem in clinical practice].
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Atrial Fibrillation↗
Calculation of the BET Compatible Surface Area from Any Type I Isotherms Measured below the Critical Temperature.
It may occur in practice that the nitrogen isotherm should be measured at 77 K only in order to determine the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area [as(N2, 77)]. This fact has given cause for an elaborate method to calculate the value of as(N2, 77) from Type I isotherms measured on any adsorbents at any temperature. Since Type I isotherms are measured most often in practice the proposed method makes it possible to calculate the value of as(N2, 77) from isotherms of adsorptives which are the actual topics of the investigations. Thus, in these cases the determination of nitrogen isotherms at 77 K can be omitted. The proposed method is based on the Tóth (T) equation and on its modified and extended forms. In these equations are present the parameters chim, chio, and t with the following physical meanings: chim and chio are integral constants originating from the Gibbs equation integrated between definite limits of pressure and coverage and t is a parameter characterizing the heterogeneity of the adsorbents. The parameters chim and chio assure the thermodynamic consistence of these relationships. It is proven that the parameters (chim)1/t and (chio)1/t depend only on the structure of adsorbents (micro-, mezoporous, or smooth surfaces). These parameters, calculated from Type I isotherms measured under the critical temperature of the adsorptives, are the bases of the calculation of the BET compatible surface areas. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
Journal Article↗
Separation of the First Adsorbed Layer from Others and Calculation of the BET Compatible Surface Area from Type II Isotherms.
In the previous paper it has been proven that a BET compatible specific surface area, asc(N2, 77), can be calculated from any Type I isotherm measured below the critical temperature. In this paper it is proven that the same calculation can be performed from any Type II isotherms if the isotherm has a pure monolayer domain. In order to distinguish the mono- and multilayer adsorption the relative free energy of the surface as a function of the adsorbed amount, pir(ns), and the functions psi(pr) and psi(ns) are applied, both defined by the differential expression (ns/pr)(dpr/dns). When the multilayer adsorption becomes the dominant process then the function pir(ns) has a point of inflexion and functions psi(pr) and psi(ns) have maximum values. It has been demonstrated that in most of the Type II isotherms the mono- and multilayer domains can be separated, so the monolayer component isotherm can be calculated by the T (Tóth) equation. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the BET compatible specific surface area discussed in detail in the previous paper. It has also been proven that there are Type II isotherms which describe only multilayer adsorption; i.e., the functions psi(pr) and psi(ns) do not have maximum values. In these cases the Harkins-Jura equation should be applied. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
Journal Article↗
[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of atrial septal defects in adults].
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The value of surgical closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) in adults is currently under discussion, because the operative risk is thought to be high and there are no reliable data about postoperative change in quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The case notes of 205 patients (149 women, 56 men, mean age 41.4 years) in whom an ASD had been surgically closed were analysed retrospectively. Preoperative symptoms, complications, arrhythmias, pulmonary artery pressure and the influence of the operative closure on quality of life (criteria of the New York Heart Association [NYHA]) were noted. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis 138 (66%) of patients had complained of dyspnoea or palpitations, four had sustained a stroke and two had had endocarditis. Atrial fibrillation or flutter was present in 55 (27%). 47 (23%) were in class III or IV (NYHA). Mean age at operation was 42.2 (18-74.9) years. One patient, a woman with pulmonary hypertension, died and one patient suffered a stroke. The number of patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter fell to 31 (15%) postoperatively and 176 patients (86%) moved to a better NYHA class, especially those who had been in class IV. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that surgical closure of ASD in adults is reasonable, because the operative mortality is low, the quality of life is improved postoperatively and there is a reduced incidence of arrhythmias.
Adolescent↗
Hodgkin's disease and B cell lymphoproliferation in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate: a kinetic study of lymph node changes.
We describe 2 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate (MTX) who developed Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Followup allowed a lymph node biopsy at 4 different time points in 1 patient and at 2 in the other. In the first patient, the steps included a long history of benign follicle hyperplasia, a polymorphic diffuse B cell lymphoproliferation, and finally HD unassociated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In the second patient, a polymorphic diffuse lymphoproliferation was followed by a monomorphic large B cell lymphoproliferation associated with EBV. The cytogenetic analysis showed a monoclonal proliferation associated with the same chromosomal abnormalities found in 1 of the clones observed in the initial biopsy. These 2 cases illustrate the complexity of the role of MTX in the outbreak of such manifestations.
Aged↗
Surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot in adults today.
BACKGROUND: Today, corrective surgery of native tetralogy of Fallot beyond childhood is a rare exception. In the years following the fall of the Berlin wall, 22 adults with uncorrected tetralogy presented to our center, mostly from former Eastern Block countries. HYPOTHESIS: Our aim was to examine whether adults with tetralogy of Fallot benefit from late surgical repair. Nineteen patients underwent corrective surgery; hospital mortality was 16%. Follow-up examination 3.5 (0.3-9.7) years postoperatively consisted of chart review and a written questionnaire. Incidence of ventricular arrhythmias was 32% before surgery and increased to 50% 3.5 years after surgery. Clinical status and New York Heart Association classification were clearly improved. This was not reflected in an improvement of the patients' socioeconomic status, as none of the 9 patients in our group of 19, who were jobless before the surgery, experienced a change in employment status. Marital status did not change in any patient and, in particular, the number of single male patients remains high. Except for one nearly asymptomatic younger woman who had delivered four children, only one of the seven married women had delivered a child before and one of the younger women after cardiac repair, which we consider to be a positive effect of this surgery. Surgical correction of adult patients with tetralogy of Fallot carries a higher risk compared with correction in childhood. It improves quality of life but does not change socioeconomic habits.
Adolescent↗
Incidence of atrial flutter/fibrillation in adults with atrial septal defect before and after surgery.
BACKGROUND: There is controversy about the benefit of surgical repair for atrial septal defect in adults, especially its effect on the incidence of supraventricular dysrhythmias, atrial flutter and fibrillation. We studied their incidence before and after operation. METHODS: We examined surface and 24-hour Holter electrocardiograms before, early (between 3 and 7 days), and late (more than 6 months) after operation, performed at age 42.2 years (range, 18.5 to 74.9 years), in 211 adults with atrial septal defect. Patients were arbitrarily divided into three groups: age 18 to 40 years (n = 101), age 40 to 60 years (n = 83), and age more than 60 years (n = 27). All consecutive patients operated on between January 1988 and December 1996 and having a pulmonary to systemic flow ratio of 1.5:1 or greater were included in this study. RESULTS: The age of patients without arrhythmias before or after atrial septal defect closure (39+/-13 years) was significantly lower than that of patients with flutter (54+/-12 years) or fibrillation (59+/-8 years). The incidence of atrial flutter was influenced by surgical repair as atrial flutter converted to sinus rhythm late after operation in 10 of 18 patients. However, there was no change in the incidence of atrial fibrillation before (n = 28) and after (n = 21) operation. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that surgical correction of atrial septal defect leads to regression of the incidence of atrial flutter but not fibrillation. Thus, surgical repair of atrial septal defect to abolish supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in adults is warranted, but in patients with fibrillation, it may have to be combined with a Maze operation in the future.
Adolescent↗
Comparison of results and complications of surgical and Amplatzer device closure of atrial septal defects.
OBJECTIVES: Results and complications of surgical versus transcatheter treatment of atrial septal defect in the current era are compared. METHODS: All consecutive patients with a secundum atrial septal defect and a pulmonary/systemic flow ratio of 1.5:1 or more who presented between May 1997 and June 1998 were enrolled in this study. All patients except those who initially had defects not feasible for interventional occlusion were catheterized to allow interventional closure of the defects. All patients in whom interventional closure could not be performed underwent surgical closure. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients underwent surgery at a median age of 20 years (0.5-74 years) and 61 had the defect closed with an Amplatzer device (AGA Medical Corporation, Golden Valley, Minn) at a median age of 12 years (0.8-77.7 years) (P >.2). Hospital stay in surgically treated patients was 8 days (6-19 days) versus 3 days (3-14 days) in interventionally treated patients (P <.001). Atrial septal defect and shunt sizes were larger in the surgical group ( P <.001). Closure rates in the 2 groups were identical (98%). One patient (68 years) in the surgical group had a perforated duodenal ulcer that necessitated an operation 8 days after closure of the atrial septal defect, and 1 (26 years) had an infected lateral thoracotomy wound necessitating plastic surgery. Embolization of the Amplatzer device to the left ventricle was observed in 1 patient (29 years). The device could be retrieved from the heart, but vascular surgery was required to extract it from the femoral artery. CONCLUSIONS: As complete closure rates and complications are identical, but duration of hospital stay is shorter with less morbidity, we prefer implantation of an Amplatzer septal occluder to surgery wherever possible.
Adolescent↗
Mutations in the pilz group genes disrupt the microtubule cytoskeleton and uncouple cell cycle progression from cell division in Arabidopsis embryo and endosperm.
Organised cell division and expansion play important roles in plant embryogenesis. To address their cellular basis, we have analysed Arabidopsis abnormal-embryo mutants which were isolated for their characteristic phenotype: mutant embryos are small, mushroom-shaped ("pilz") and consist of only one or few large cells each containing one or more variably enlarged nuclei and often cell wall stubs. These 23 mutants represent four genes, PFIFFERLING, HALLIMASCH, CHAMPIGNON, and PORCINO, which map to different chromosomes. All four genes have very similar mutant phenotypes although porcino embryos often consisted of only one large cell. The endosperm did not cellularise and contained a variably reduced number of highly enlarged nuclei. By contrast, genetic evidence suggests that these genes are not required for gametophyte development. Expression of cell cycle genes, Cdc2a, CyclinA2 and CyclinB1, and the cytokinesis-specific KNOLLE gene was not altered in mutant embryos. However, KNOLLE syntaxin accumulated in patches but no KNOLLE-positive structure resembling a forming cell plate occurred in mitotic cells. A general defect in microtubule assembly was observed in all mutants. Interphase cells lacked cortical microtubules, and spindles were absent from mitotic nuclei although in rare cases, short stubs of microtubules were attached to partially condensed chromosomes. Our results suggest that the cellular components affected by the pilz group mutations are necessary for continuous microtubule organisation, mitotic division and cytokinesis but do not mediate cell cycle progression.
Arabidopsis↗
Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: a report of 9 cases.
BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is a heterogeneous group among which marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZL) appears to be the most common subtype. OBJECTIVE: We analyze clinical presentation, histologic aspects, and outcome of patients with primary cutaneous MZL. METHODS: All samples classified as primary cutaneous lymphoma over the past 10 years were reviewed, and cases of primary MZL were identified. RESULTS: Nine cases of MZL were analyzed, all from the upper body region, with a predominance in elderly women. Histologic aspects included a dense, nodular, deep-seated infiltrate containing various proportions of small cells displaying a centrocyte-like, plasmacytoid or monocytoid appearance. Surface expression of CD5, CD10, and CD23 was negative. Long survival was noted but relapses in the skin, nodes, orbit, salivary glands, and breast were observed. CONCLUSION: MZL is the predominant primary cutaneous lymphoma of our study. It has distinctive histologic and clinical features as well as outcome.
Female↗
[Retina where the neurons become tangled].
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Aged↗
Characterization of germinal center dendritic cells in follicular lymphoma.
A subset of dendritic cells called germinal center dendritic cells (GCDC) has recently been described inside germinal center from reactive lymphoid organs. We investigated this newly recognized population in follicular lymphoma (FL), which is considered to be the pathologic counterpart of germinal center B cells. Immunohistochemistry analysis with a panel of antibodies demonstrated the presence of a cell population with the peculiar GCDC phenotype in FL biopsies and a similar localization of these cells inside tumoral and reactive follicles. Therefore, we analyzed the relationships between GCDC and the other cell subsets of the tumor follicles. Some of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes present inside the follicle were found to be in close association with GCDC, suggesting a potential implication of GCDC in their activation. In addition, the distribution of GCDC inside FL and reactive follicles did not appear disrupted, in contrast to follicular dendritic cells, the other follicle dendritic cell type. Finally, we demonstrated that GCDC could be detected from FL lymph node cell suspension by flow cytometry. Taken together, these results indicate that FL development is not associated with a disappearance of GCDC or with a lack of physical interactions between GCDC and T cells inside the follicles. In addition, the fact that GCDC can be observed in FL samples by flow cytometry should allow their purification to further study their putative role in FL development and maintenance.
Adult↗