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Biomedical subjects

F Bureau

Publications and source records attributed to F Bureau.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effect of small variations of aluminum intake on calcium metabolism in young rats.

BACKGROUND: While in the adult Al intoxication requires high dosages, little is known on the threshold level of Al toxicity in the young. METHODS: Weaning rats were fed for 90 days ore of four diets differing by their content in Ca (7.5 vs < 0.5 g/< g diet)(Ca+/-) and Al (10.6 vs 8.4 mg/kg)(Al+/-); Al supplementation was 30% above the standard level of diet. Ca and Al levels were measured in liver, bone (femur), and brain. RESULTS: Ca- had a significant negative effect on growth which was further reduced by Al+; in Ca sufficient/Al+ animals, Al concentrations were significantly increased in bone and brain and tended to increase in liver; Ca decreases observed in these three organs were only significant in brain. Ca deficiency further enhanced the Al deposit in bone at both levels of Al intakes, and reduced Ca concentrations in these three organs in Al+ animals; in Ca-/Al- animals, the decrease in Ca displayed in the three tissues reached a significant level in brain. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that in the growing subject the side effects of small variations of Al intake can be enhanced when they are combined with other mineral imbalances.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1996

Determination of metallothioneins by HPLC: application to zinc metabolism.

Metallothioneins (MT) are well known Zn and Cu tissue proteins. Their level is mainly regulated by Zn. Therefore, they have been suggested as an index of Zn status. The determination of MT has been performed by HPLC (fitted with UV-detector) following a preparation phase (heating, ultracentrifugation and filtration). This method allows direct quantification of MT in tissues and shows a good correlation between MT concentrations and peak heights (r2 = 0.995; a = 774.73; b = -148.38) from 0 to 10 micrograms/100 microL. MT determination by RP-HPLC method allows to assess the tissue zinc status as displayed by the correlation between hepatic zinc and metallothionein concentrations (r2 = 0.82; p < 0.001). Variations of MT in response to Zn intakes are observed within 24 hours and for a physiological range of dietary Zn intakes.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1994

[Physiological variations of LpA1, HDL2 and principal lipid markers in athletes].

An original approach of the influence of physical activities on lipid metabolism is presented in this work: the authors studied the physiological variations of the lipoparticle LpA1, high-density lipoprotein subfraction HDL2 and the most important lipid markers in serum of a presumably healthy population of 55 high-level sportsmen. They were 18-45 years old and practised endurance sports, whether individual (cycling, long-distance running), or collective activities (soccer, basketball). The authors observed an important increase of LpA1 (+20%, p < 0.001) and C-HDL2 (+23.3%, p < 0.01) after an intense physical activity (CK = 430 +/- 312 U/l); they also found a good correlation between LpA1 and HDL2 (r = 0.85, p < 0.0001) and between LpA1 and CK (r = 0.62, p < 0.001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of serum copper determination by colorimetric and atomic absorption spectrometric methods in seven different laboratories. The S.F.B.C. (Société Française de Biologie Clinique) Trace Element Group.

An interlaboratory collaborative trial was conducted on the determination of serum copper using two different methods, based on colorimetry (test combination Copper, Boehringer Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The general performance of the colorimetric method was below that of FAAS, except for sensitivity and linear range, as assessed by detection limit (0.44 versus 1.32 mumol/L) and upper limit of linearity (150 versus 50 mumol/L). The range of the between-run CVs and the recovery of standard additions were, respectively, 2.3-11.9% and 92-127% for the colorimetric method and 1.1-6.0% and 93-101% for the FAAS method. Interferences were minimal with both methods. The two techniques correlated satisfactorily (the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.945-0.970 among laboratories) but the colorimetric assay exhibited slightly higher results than the FAAS method. Each method was transferable among laboratories.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Chromium and parenteral nutrition in children.

Chromium (Cr) dosage was assayed in i.v. nutrition, serum, and losses of five children on total parenteral nutrition for > or = 4 weeks. The Cr supply (4.7 +/- 1.2 micrograms/kg/day) was above recommended levels (0.5 microgram/kg/day). Serum (18.2 +/- 1.8 micrograms/L) and urine (37.4 +/- 10.5 micrograms/L) were also higher than control values (0.7-0.9 microgram/L and 0.2-0.8 microgram/L, respectively). Serum and urine Cr concentrations displayed a positive correlation. Serum Cr and Fe showed a negative correlation. These results confirm the potential toxicity of Cr previously reported in animals. Cr levels of i.v. nutrition solutes should be checked thoroughly.

Child↗
PubMed1993

[Nutrition of children and adolescents engaged in high-level sports activities].

Young high-level athletes are frequently exposed to deficiencies, the most frequent origin of which is dietary. Supervision must be clinical, biological and dietary. Recommendations should be made individually, based on the nature and intensity of the exercise, and are calculated from the recommended supplements for the paediatric population. Protein, glucid and lipid supplements must represent approximately 12, 60 and 28% of the daily energetic intake respectively, the glucid ratio reaching 70% under certain conditions of prolonged exercise. Liquids must be controlled when exercise takes place in a warm atmosphere because young athletes are rapidly exposed to dehydration, the osmolarity of the selected drink being below 250 mosm/l. Mineral and vitamin supplementations are recommended. For minerals, perspiration losses may be associated with dietary deficiency. Possible vitamin deficiencies concern B1, B2, B6, B9, B12, C and D vitamins. The daily mineral supplements are estimated at 10 mg for iron, 5 mg for zinc and 1 mg for copper, and have to be prescribed in regular treatment after biological control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Molybdenum in the premature infant.

The molybdenum (Mo) levels in the plasma and urine of 30 premature and 15 full-term infants have been compared with the Mo intakes and urine uric acid excretion (uric acid/creatinine ratio) produced by the Mo enzyme xanthine oxidase. The Mo intakes of full-term infants were 41 +/- 14 nmol/kg/day (mean +/- SEM). In the premature group breast milk supplied significantly less Mo (4.3 +/- 0.4 nmol/kg/day) than infant formulas (101 +/- 31 nmol/kg/day) or premature formula (255 +/- 13 nmol/kg/day). When fed breast milk, the preterm infants displayed similar or higher plasma and urine Mo and urine uric acid levels than formula-fed infants. For the whole preterm group a significant correlation was determined for urine Mo levels and Mo intakes as well as for plasma Mo and uric acid excretion. The bioavailability of breast milk Mo seems to be higher than formula Mo according to the Mo levels and to their statistical link with uric acid excretion which could be proposed as a functional index of Mo status. These parameters displayed similar values in breast milk-fed prematures and control full-term infants. The Mo needs of formula-fed premature newborns remain to be defined using complete balance trials.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1991

[Value of the study of total alkaline phosphatases and bone isoenzyme in a population of subjects with osteoporosis].

The authors have compared the values of total and bone serum alkaline phosphatases in an osteoporotic population and a control group. The total activity of alkaline phosphatases was determined by a kinetic method at 30 degrees C and alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis in presence or absence of wheat germ lectin. The authors have confirmed reported data concerning the physiological variations of alkaline phosphatases in the control group; they have therefore divided each group in several sub-populations according to age and sex in order to obtain accurate comparisons. Mean values of total and bone alkaline phosphatases were greater in the osteoporotic population than in the control group regardless of age or sex. Nevertheless, significant differences were obtained only with 50 to 75 year-old subjects (men or women) for total alkaline phosphatases and with 50 to 75 year-old women for bone alkaline phosphatase.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Combined diagnostic value of biochemical markers in acute pancreatitis.

Eighty-three patients suffering from upper abdominal pain were studied to evaluate the contribution of commonly used biochemical markers in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. On admission to hospital, serum amylase, lipase, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities were measured. By stepwise logistic discrimination, only two determinations appeared to be of clinical value: lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities. A classification rule was established including these two measurements and its diagnostic performance evaluated by a jackknifed method amounted .83%. ROC curves were used to assess sensitivity and specificity. Our study clearly shows that serum lipase measurements should be preferred to amylase measurements, and that our two-test classification rule provides an efficient aid in clinical decision-making.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Selenium and vitamin E in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy].

Serum levels of selenium and vitamin E were prospectively studied in children with Duchenne de Boulogne muscular dystrophy of variable age and muscular status. In contrast with previous studies, we found no differences with controls. However, we believe that selenium and vitamin E, two natural antioxydants, may contribute to the pathophysiology of pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. A study of the effects of supplementation is on-going.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Plasma hemoglobin. Comparison between 2 methods of determination].

The methods used to titrate plasmatic haemoglobin, an analysis which is of great interest to cardiac surgery, must be very accurate because the levels are much lower than those found in whole blood. This work introduces a comparison between two methods: the ammoniacal water method and Cripps's differential method. After studying various criteria (repeatability, limit of detection, accuracy, reference values, stability of the reaction), and after studying the correlation between each method and the benzidin method, used as reference method, as well as the correlation between all of them, Cripp's method turns out to be the closest to the benzidin method, as well as being simpler, more accurate, more specific, and also easier to use than the ammoniacal water method, the only problem occurring at the stage of the preparation of the standard solution.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1989

[Blood levels of molybdenum, selenium and copper at delivery].

Molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se) and copper (Cu) plasma levels were studied at delivery in 38 women (1 twin pregnancy). The influence of parity (P) (2.5 +/- 1.7) gestational age (GA) (38.6 +/- 3.2 weeks), birthweight (BW) (3,120 +/- 695 g) and Apgar score upon these levels were assessed. Mother (M) and cord (C) blood values were 15.0 +/- 7.8 and 15.0 +/- 9.3 nmol/l respectively for Mo, 0.54 +/- 0.12 and 0.47 +/- 014 mumol/l for Se and 27.6 +/- 5.9 and 5.5 +/- 3.3 mumol/l for Cu. C and M values for Se and Cu were statistically different (alpha less than 0.02, alpha less than 0.001). There was a significant correlation between C and M for Mo levels (r = 0.41; p = 1.9%) and Cu levels (r = 0.47; p = 0.35%), between Cu C levels and GA (r = 0.54; p = 0.6%) and between Se, C levels and BW (r = 0.66; p = 1.9%). There was no correlation between the levels of the trace elements studied. This study shows that fetal levels of Mo vary with those of the mothers. On the other hand, the levels of Se in the fetus seem to be protected from variations observed in the mothers. The antagonism between Cu and Mo which had been previously demonstrated in the fetal liver was not found in blood.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1988

Molybdenum content of term and preterm human milk during the first 2 months of lactation.

To assess the molybdenum supply and requirements of preterm infants, Mo concentration was determined in milk from mothers of 6 term and 11 preterm newborns; no difference was found between fore- and hindmilk and no diurnal variations were found during 24-h collections. Respective values (means +/- SD) of term and preterm milks were 10.2 +/- 3.7 and 4.0 +/- 3.7 micrograms/L (106.2 +/- 38.5 and 41.7 +/- 38.5 nmol/L) at 3-5 d of lactation, 4.8 +/- 3.9 and 3.7 +/- 3.8 micrograms/L (50.0 +/- 4.6 and 38.5 +/- 39.6 nmol/L) at 7-10 d, 1.5 +/- 1.4 and 1.4 +/- 0.9 micrograms/L (15.6 +/- 14.6 and 14.6 +/- 9.6 nmol/L) at 14 d, 2.6 +/- 2.2 and 1.9 +/- 1.4 micrograms/L (27.1 +/- 22.9 and 19.8 +/- 14.6 nmol/L) at 1 mo, and 0.2 and 1.2 +/- 0.5 micrograms/L (2.1 and 12.5 +/- 5.2 nmol/L) at 2 mo. A statistical difference was found between term and preterm milk at 3-5 d of lactation. During lactation significant changes were found between the periods 3-5 d and 7-10 d, 14 d, 1 mo (p less than 0.01) and 2 mo (p less than 0.05) of lactation and between 7-10 d and 14 d (p less than 0.05). According to the requirements of the preterm infant, a supplementation of 2-3 micrograms.kg-1.d-1 by enteral route is suggested.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1988

[Study of an optimal biological profile for demonstrating pancreatic involvement in acute abdominal syndrome].

The authors have studied several seric, plasmatic and urinary constituents in patients hospitalized for an acute abdominal syndrome to be able to characterize an eventual pancreatic lesion; mainly seric and urinary amylase as well as its isoenzymes, lipase, liver profile and trypsin. In acute pancreatitis, the means of the maximal increases of seric amylase, lipase and trypsin are respectively: 10.7; 21.6 and 19.2 X N (upper normal limit) whereas in chronic pancreatitis, these elevations are 6.5 X N for amylase and 9.5 XN for lipase. The authors observed at J1 (first day of hospitalisation) and at J2 an increase in seric amylase, lipase and/or liver profile respectively in 95, 90 and 25 p. cent of acute pancreatitis; in 86, 86 and 14 p. cent of chronic pancreatitis and 43, 39 and 86 p. cent of bili duct diseases. In conclusion, it appears compulsory to run a liver profile with the pancreatic enzymes (amylase and lipase) to diagnose a pancreatitis in presence of an acute abdominal syndrome.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1986

[Nutritional management of neonates and infants with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas detected at birth].

From a systematic neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis in the Basse-Normandie area and to prevent disorders of the intestinal transit related to malabsorption, neonates then infants were given a semi-elemental hypercaloric diet, with supplements in nitrogen, MCT, minerals, vitamins and low in LCT. Diets were adjusted every month during a consultation using clinical and biological parameters. Results in the first 14 children showed that clinically as well as biologically, these children may remain within the normal range, avoiding the previously reported growth retardation and mineral or vitamin deficiencies. This procedure should allow an improvement in the quality of life and prognosis of such children, by maintaining adequate nutritional status.

Avitaminosis↗