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F Colardyn

Publications and source records attributed to F Colardyn.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Diquat intoxication: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Animal experiments have suggested that diquat is less toxic than the more widely used paraquat. In this paper, nine previously reported cases of diquat intoxication are reviewed, together with the description of our personal observations in two additional patients. These two patients, like four other patients described in the literature, died from complications involving the gastrointestinal tract, brain and kidneys. Thus, diquat intoxication is apparently not as innocent as was originally thought. In this paper, special attention has been given to the major clinical differences between diquat and paraquat intoxication. In contrast with the latter, severe diquat intoxication induces gastrointestinal fluid sequestration and is associated with cerebral hemorrhagic lesions and a higher incidence of severe acute renal failure. Despite an asymptomatic clinical interval of up to 48 hours after ingestion, hemoperfusion should be started as soon as possible to prevent toxic levels of diquat in tissue.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimicrobial therapy for intra-abdominal infections: guidelines from the Infectious Disease Advisory Board (IDAB).

Intra-abdominal infection is a common cause of severe sepsis in a hospital setting and remains associated with a significant morbidity, mortality and resource use. Early adequate surgery or drainage remain the cornerstones of intra-abdominal infection management and impact on patients outcome. Concomitant early and adequate empiric antimicrobial therapy further influences patients morbidity and mortality. Multiple empirical regimens have been proposed in this setting, but rarely supported by well designed, randomized-controlled studies. The current manuscript summarizes the recommendations of the Infection Disease Advisory Board on the management of intra-abdominal infections. Empiric antimicrobial therapy for the most common causes of abdominal infections is proposed. In addition, particular attention has been paid on antibiotic treatment duration.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and risk factors for colonisation with gram-negative bacteria in an intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate prevalence and determine risk factors for colonisation with Gram-negative bacteria in ICU patients. DESIGN: Prospective, surveillance study. SETTING: 26-bed surgical and paediatric ICU. PATIENTS: 159 patients--whereof 22 infants--admitted to the surgical/paediatric ICU over a two-month period. INTERVENTION: In all patients routine microbiological monitoring was performed by thrice weekly oral swabs, urine sampling and, additionally, tracheal aspirates in patients on mechanical ventilation (MV) and by anal swabs once weekly. RESULTS: Population characteristics: Mean age of the adult population was 51.1 +/- 17.6 year. Mean age of the paediatric population was 6.3 +/- 5.3 year. The mean APACHE II-score was 18 +/- 9.1. The mean PRISM-score was 9.7 +/- 5.4. The mean ICU stay was 7.5 +/- 11.4 days. 43.4 percent of patients received mechanical ventilation (MV). The mean number of mechanical ventilation days was 11.1 +/- 14.7 days. 32.1% of patients experienced colonisation with Gram-negative bacteria. Prevalence of colonisation increased with length of ICU stay. The probability of colonisation was 24% after an ICU stay of 3 days (= median ICU stay). Time to colonisation was not different between the controlled sites (p > 0.05). 47% of colonizations were due to multiresistant strains. Higher APACHE II-scores and MV were associated with a higher prevalence of colonisation (p < 0.01). The ICU mortality was 8% among adult and 4% among paediatric patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with high APACHE II-scores, on mechanical ventilation and with an ICU stay of more than 3 days are most at risk for colonisation with Gram-negative bacteria. These patients should be cared with the optimal precautions in the prevention of colonisation and infection.

APACHE↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections in patients in intensive care units: can the combination of a monobactam and a penicillin replace the classic combination of a beta-lactam agent and an aminoglycoside?

An open, comparative, randomized study was performed in two medical intensive care units to compare the efficacy of the combination of aztreonam and either cloxacillin or oxacillin [(cl)oxacillin] with that of the combination of tobramycin and a cephalosporin. Of the 92 patients who were included in the study, 76 were evaluable. All patients suffered from severe, mostly pulmonary, infections and received ventilatory support. The aztreonam combination yielded an 80% rate of clinical cure; mortality was 15%. Use of the aminoglycoside combination resulted in a 51% rate of clinical cure; mortality was 23%. The difference in cure rate between the two combinations was statistically significant. Adverse effects were negligible in patients who received the aztreonam combination, and superinfection was seen in only 2%. Of the patients who received the aminoglycoside combination, 20% developed a superinfection and 11% developed a new renal insufficiency. Therefore, the combination of aztreonam and (cl)oxacillin is a valuable alternative to the combination of an aminoglycoside and a cephalosporin.

Adult↗