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Biomedical subjects

F G Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to F G Taylor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A cross-sectional study of colic in horses on thoroughbred training premises in the British Isles in 1997.

The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of colic in horses in Thoroughbred training premises in 1997 in the British Isles. The seasonal pattern and outcome of colic episodes were also investigated, together with any association between premises level variables and colic. Data were collected by a postal questionnaire. The results showed a colic incidence density of 7.19/100 horse years (s.e. 0.42) and a cumulative incidence of colic of 5.80% (s.e. 0.30). Premises were grouped according to whether they had more Flat than National Hunt horses (Flat premises) or more National Hunt than Flat horses (NH premises). A similar rate of colic episodes was found in each group. However, significantly higher cumulative incidences of one episode of colic were found in the Flat premises and of multiple episodes in the NH premises, respectively. The outcome of each episode of colic showed spontaneous recovery in 28.7%, medical recovery in 63.1%, surgical recovery in 2.0% and death in 6.2% of cases. This indicated an overall mortality rate from colic of 0.45 deaths/100 horse years. The seasonal pattern of episodes of colic showed a spring and autumn peak, with significant differences in the seasonal pattern between the Flat and NH premises. Relative risk analysis and logistic regression modelling with random effects showed significant associations between the number of episodes of colic and the number of horses on the premises (allowing for the number of horses on each premises, the larger premises had a decreased risk of colic). After adjusting for the number of horses, 3 other variables were associated with colic; Flat premises (with an increased risk), the owner being the sole person looking after the horses (a decreased risk) and the premises being a combined training and breeding establishment (a decreased risk).

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1993

Maturation of cellular defence in the respiratory tract of young calves.

The maturation of respiratory tract defence was investigated in a longitudinal study of calves during the first 100 days of life. From day 7, the proportions of the cell types identified in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were similar to those found in adults, with a predominance of alveolar macrophages over polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and lymphocytes. Functionally, bactericidal activity of BAL cells was defective and for the first 21 days they supported intracellular bacterial growth. At 24 hours of life, the movement of peripheral blood neutrophils to a chemotactic source was poor, but this increased rapidly during the first week of life. Like BAL cells, peripheral blood PMNs supported intracellular bacterial growth for the first two weeks of life. These studies suggest that cellular defence mechanisms may be compromised during the first week of life.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Screening for skin cancer: experience of an occupational health screening programme.

A skin cancer screening programme involving 2150 employees based at the head office of a large UK retailer resulted in the detection of four melanomas at an early curable stage. In addition, three other malignant and three potentially malignant tumours were discovered, and individuals at greater risk of developing melanoma were identified and counselled accordingly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Atrial septal defect and atrial fibrillation in a foal.

Clinical examination of a four-and-a-half-month old foal revealed evidence of progressive heart failure associated with an atrial septal defect and atrial fibrillation. Atrial septal defects are rarely reported in foals and the foal's growth, development and demeanour were normal until a sudden onset of lethargic behaviour. The value of B-mode echocardiography in identifying the congenital lesion is indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Small intestinal malabsorption in the horse: an assessment of the specificity of the oral glucose tolerance test.

Specificity of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for the diagnosis of small intestinal malabsorption in the horse was assessed by comparing the results of OGTT with the results of a histopathological examination of the small intestine in 42 adult horses affected by chronic weight loss. The horses were assigned to three groups on the basis of the results of the test. Five horses were considered to have a normal OGTT absorption result (Group 1); all the horses had a histologically normal small intestine. Twenty-five horses had a partial malabsorption result (Group 2) seven of which had normal small intestinal morphology, whereas the remaining 18 had a variety of pathological lesions including lymphosarcoma, villous atrophy, granulomatous enteritis and eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Twelve of the 42 horses had a total malabsorption result (Group 3), and all had a severe infiltrative lesion in the small intestinal wall (either lymphosarcoma or granulomatous enteritis).

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Serum antibody responses in mice to intermittent inhalation of ovalbumin dust.

Serum antibody production and induction of antibody tolerance were monitored in mice following intermittent inhalation of ovalbumin dust (mass concentration = 4.2 mg m-3; diameter of 80% of particles less than 2.6 microns). Repeated inhalation of microgram quantities of dust stimulated serum antibody production and development of tolerance. The sequence of these responses is analogous to that following oral presentation of antigen, but is produced by a much lower dose when antigen is presented via the respiratory tract.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1990

Peritonitis in adult horses: a review of 21 cases.

The clinical signs in 21 adult horses affected by peritonitis (unassociated with gastrointestinal rupture or surgical interference of the abdomen) included colic (18 cases), pyrexia (15 cases), weight loss (six cases) and diarrhoea (five cases). The diagnosis was based on a nucleated cell count in peritoneal fluid greater than 10(10)/litre. Haematological abnormalities (either neutropenia or neutrophilia) were present in 17 animals, and hyperfibrinogenaemia was identified in 14. Twelve of the 21 horses survived after intensive antibiotic therapy; the other nine were destroyed either at exploratory laparotomy or after continued clinical deterioration. Necrosis or perforation of the bowel wall was found post mortem in eight of the horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Concurrent cryptosporidium and coronavirus infections in an Arabian foal with combined immunodeficiency syndrome.

Combined immunodeficiency syndrome is an inherited disorder of the Arabian breed of horses. Affected foals usually die of infectious disease within the first few months of life, and the respiratory tract is the commonest site of infection. This report describes the clinical and pathological features of a case which showed signs of alimentary and respiratory infections. Intestinal infection by coronavirus (not previously recorded in cases of the syndrome) and cryptosporidia was identified. Histopathological evidence also suggested the presence of an adenovirus infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in eight horses.

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia was diagnosed in eight horses on the basis of a positive Coomb's test. The disease was considered to be idiopathic in three cases and secondary to another condition in five. The clinical signs included dullness and depression, pyrexia, jaundice and haemoglobinuria. In addition to anaemia, haematological evaluation commonly revealed auto-agglutination of red cells and anisocytosis; reticulocytosis and an increased mean corpuscular volume were less commonly observed. Four horses were successfully treated with dexamethasone, but the other four were destroyed or died because of the underlying disease.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1990

The airborne survival of Pasteurella haemolytica and its deposition in and clearance from the mouse lung.

Pasteurella haemolytica A1 was aerosolised by a Collison nebuliser in a Henderson apparatus and its survival in air was measured. The organism was fragile in aerosol and survived best at high humidity and warm temperature. Mice were exposed to the aerosol and clearance from the lung measured. Deposition in the mouse lung showed a good linear correlation with bacterial concentration in the spray suspension fluid. Clearance from the lung was rapid over 24 h although some bacteria could be detected 2 and 4 days after exposure. Mice which received a second exposure 2 weeks later exhibited accelerated clearance from the lung whereby no bacteria could be detected after 12 h. This was associated with serum IgG antibody production, and local and splenic lymphocyte responses to bacterial antigen in vitro.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1990

Leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum in two horses.

Two horses affected by chronic, intermittent colic were found, at post-mortem examination, to have localized annular thickening of a segment of the duodenum. Histological examination of the lesion in both cases revealed a tumour composed of bundles of oval or spindle-shaped cells that stained as muscle with van Gieson stain. The histological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma. The tumour had caused partial bowel obstruction in both horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Use of erythrocyte fragility profiles for monitoring immune-mediated haemolysis in horses.

The fragility of erythrocytes is easily demonstrated by their ability to withstand osmotic swelling and lysis in solutions of increasingly hypotonic saline. In healthy animals a plot of percentage haemolysis against increasing hypotonicity produces a sigmoid curve. Using the same data a derivative curve calculated from haemolytic increments shows a normal distribution of fragility within samples. In enhanced fragility due to immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia, these profiles of haemolysis are markedly altered and the derivative curve becomes multiphasic, indicating the presence of subpopulations of erythrocytes with differing fragility ranges. Analysis of these profiles in a case of intravascular immune-mediated haemolysis in a horse provided useful graphic information for diagnosis and prognosis. In particular, the size of the subpopulation showing increased fragility could be assessed in the acute phase and monitored during recovery.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗