PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Gold

Publications and source records attributed to F Gold.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Hyaline membrane disease. Results of treatment using continuous positive pressure of the airways, with or without ventilatory assistance].

Eighty cases of hyaline membrane disease were treated with continuous positive pressure at the respiratory tract level. In 35 cases, the method of the bag was used. Failure occurring in 33% of the cases required assisted respiration. In 45 cases, patients were intubated and in 43 of these mechanical ventilation was used. In spite of the severity of these clinical types, the survival rate was around 90%. It is concluded that there is evidence for early continuous positive pressure.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in neonates after acute fetal distress.

We report three cases of transient myocardial hypertrophy, diagnosed by echocardiography, occurring between the second and seventh days of life in neonates with initially normal ventricular myocardial wall thickness. The three term neonates had perinatal injury with acute fetal distress. In all three cases electrocardiographic and biologic signs of myocardial ischemia were present. The first echocardiographic results showed abnormalities in systolic or diastolic left ventricular function, without hypertrophy of the walls. The hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) occurred between days 2 and 7 and affected first the interventricular septum and the free wall of the right ventricle. The left ventricular posterior wall subsequently became abnormal, resulting in severe overall myocardial hypertrophy, which finally disappeared in all three cases between 1 and 5 months of life. Such observations of early severe and transient HCM have not been previously reported. We believe it is a consequence of myocardial ischemia due to acute fetal distress. The prognosis of this type of HCM is good, in contrast to that of other primitive HCM occurring in neonates.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of indomethacin on cerebral hemodynamics at rest and during endotracheal suctioning in preterm neonates.

The effect of therapeutic doses of indomethacin versus placebo (saline) on cerebral hemodynamics was studied in nine mechanically ventilated preterm infants. Recordings were made at rest and during endotracheal suctioning. Indomethacin at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight was infused over 5 min. Compared to placebo, there was a significant decrease in Doppler mean frequency in the anterior cerebral artery within minutes of starting the indomethacin infusion during the resting period after the first (p less than 0.01), second (p less than 0.001) and third (p less than 0.025) doses. This effect has persisted during endotracheal suctioning. Thus, indomethacin alters cerebral hemodynamics by decreasing Doppler mean frequency. In view of these findings, and particularly because of the alteration in the resting cerebral hemodynamics, the recommendation of prophylactic treatment with indomethacin remains questionable.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diet, length of gestation, and fecal short chain fatty acids in healthy premature neonates.

BACKGROUND: Excretion of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may indicate changes in colonic or colonocyte metabolism. The aim of this study was to detect the influence of gestational age and feeding practices on SCFA concentrations and profiles in healthy preterm infants. METHODS: A total of 198 fecal samples (28 infants) were collected from 8 to 21 days of age from 3 groups of preterm infants born at 33 to 37 weeks of gestation and fed either breast milk (group I) or Nutramigen, a lactose-free formula (group II), and extremely preterm infants born before 33 weeks of gestation and fed breast milk (group III). Total SCFA concentrations and SCFA profiles were analyzed using a gas chromographic (GC) procedure. RESULTS: Total fecal SCFA excretion did not differ significantly between group I (mean, 24.0 micromol/g; range, 1.3 to 118.8 micromol/g) and group II (mean, 23.0 micromol/g; range, 3.0 to 73.3 micromol/g). Conversely, differences occurred between SCFA profiles and became significant after day 17. The main differences were a significant increase in the butyric acid concentration (12% versus 30%) with group II. Compared with group I, fecal SCFA concentrations were 3.2-fold lower (7.4 micromol/g; range, 0.3 to 37.4 micromol/g) in group III with no significant changes in the profiles. CONCLUSIONS: Fecal SCFA excretion may vary in absence of any digestive disease. During this study, in terms of gestational age, total SCFA concentrations were significantly lower in extremely premature infants compared with infants born less premature, despite their known higher deficiency in intestinal lactase activity. In terms of diet, the absence of lactose did not lead to a decrease in colonic fermentation and induced changes in SCFA patterns. These new baseline data may offer clues to further development of milk formulas.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fecal short-chain fatty acids predict digestive disorders in premature infants.

BACKGROUND: Excretion of fecal short-chain volatile fatty acids (SCFAs) may indicate changes in colonic or colonocyte metabolism. The aim of this study was to detect the existence of an average fecal SCFA profile and to define which changes were associated with clinical events that occurred during the survey period. METHODS: SCFA profiles of 185 stool samples collected from 46 fed preterm neonates (mean birth weight, 1920 g; mean gestational age, 32.8 weeks) were evaluated and their association with digestive disorders or therapy was explored. RESULTS: Total SCFA concentration increased from 0 to 80 micromol/g feces wet weight over the first 20 days of life. A basic SCFA profile revealed the existence of a highly sensitive period between the second and the third week of life. In the absence of any digestive problem (n = 15), the butyric acid (C4) ratio increased from 7% to 24%. Phototherapy (n = 13) enhanced the SCFA concentration but decreased the ratios of C4 and minor acids. Digestive disorders reported included abdominal distention (n = 6) or bleeding (n = 8). Only in the case of bleeding was the SCFA profile changed by an enhancement of C4 by >50%. Antibiotic therapy (n = 3) suppressed SCFA production. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports a hypothesis that changes in the SCFA profile could offer a noninvasive method to anticipate functional modifications of the gastrointestinal tract before the first clinical signs of pathologic events, including necrotizing enterocolitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebral lesions observed in a twin after the in utero death of the other twin. Fetal anoxia-ischemia can be the possible mechanism (3 cases)].

BACKGROUND: The death of one twin in utero may result in visceral lesions, of possible vascular origin, in the surviving twin when the pregnancy is monochorionic and diamniotic. CASES REPORT: Case n. 1: The death of one twin and enlargement of the ventricular system in the other were seen by ultrasonography at 24 weeks of pregnancy, 8 weeks after the mother had a fall on the stairs. The heterogeneous imaging in the inferior part of placenta suggested a clot in this area. The pregnancy was terminated at 28 weeks because the ventricular dilatation continued to increase. The newborn died a few minutes later and examination of the placenta showed that the pregnancy was monochorionic and monoamniotic. Case n. 2: The death of one twin with macerating features was seen by ultrasonography at 31 weeks. The other twin was born at 32 weeks of a dichorionic, diamniotic pregnancy. Injection of milk into the placental vasculature failed to visualize any vascular anastomoses between the two placentas, but ultrasonography showed bilateral cystic lesions in the frontal lobes of the brain. Case n. 3: Acute polyhydramnios developed at 21 weeks of pregnancy; it was treated by 3 amniocenteses, while ultrasonography of the twins was normal. A fetal transfusion syndrome was observed at birth, the pregnancy being monochorionic and diamniotic. Cranial ultrasound on day 6 was normal in the recipient twin, but showed numerous cerebral cavities in the donor, which was confirmed at autopsy after that this twin suddenly died at 2 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: Brain lesions of vascular origin, can be observed in any type of twin pregnancies. They may be the result of transfusion of clot or thromboplastin-rich blood from the donor fetus through vascular anastomoses in a monochorionic placenta. They also may be due to anoxo-ischemic lesions in the absence of such anastomoses, or, in the fetal transfusion syndrome, to circulatory difficulties in one of the twins, as observed in premature singletons. In the cas of anoxo-ischemic lesions, anticipating the birth of the surviving twin is not justified.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of PGE1 in neonatal aortic coarctation].

In order to estimate the efficacity of prostaglandine E1 (PGE1) to dilate the obstruction in coarctation of the aorta (CoAo), we studied 16 full term neonates with heart failure. Over the 16 neonates, there was 5 with isolated CoAo and 11 with an intracardiac shunt. Over the 11 neonates, 7 had pulmonary hypertension. PGE1, at a dose of 0.05 microgram/kg/min associated to the classical treatment of heart failure were given on the 6 day of life. Effects of PGE1 were evaluated on clinical basis (presence of femoral pulse, blood pressure), echocardiographical basis (ductus arteriosus and aortic isthmus diameter) and morphological basis. In 15 neonates, the ductus arteriosus was open, in all cases CoAo diameter was the same. In 7 neonates with pulmonary hypertension, femoral pulse appeared. In conclusion, PGE1 increases post ductal perfusion by a right to left shunt through the ductus arteriosus, only in cases where pulmonary hypertension is present. No direct action on the aortic isthmus was observed.

Alprostadil↗