Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Granier.
Two cases illustrate psychotherapeutic aspects of surgical intensive cares for psychiatric patients. Comparison with their style of expression in art-therapy allows a better understanding in their relations with the technical and non human environment.
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Ninety-three patients with an exacerbation of chronic schizophrenia were included in a 4 week trial comparing placebo with 1, 3 and 10 mg des-enkephalin-gamma-endorphin (DE gamma E; beta-lipotrophin 66-77; Org 5878) per day (i.m.). Maintenance antipsychotic and other medications were continued unchanged. Treatment effects were assessed by means of the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale--subscale schizophrenia (CPRS-S), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Global Assessment Scale (GAS) rating scales at weekly intervals. Safety data, i.e. laboratory investigations, vital signs and ECG recordings, were assessed before and during the trial. Side-effects were evaluated by means of a Record of Symptoms Emerging. Sixty-eight patients completed the trial, the reason for drop-out mainly being inadequate treatment effects and refusal of medication administration. One patient violated the protocol. After 4 weeks of treatment the mean CPRS-S score of the group receiving 10 mg DE gamma E daily had decreased statistically significantly more than the corresponding score of the placebo group (p less than 0.01). The same trend was apparent with BPRS (p = 0.08) and GAS (p greater than 0.1) scores. Therefore, the study should be considered inconclusive. No clinically relevant side-effects attributable to DE gamma E were observed.
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A method is described which allows to reveal simultaneously the proteolytic patterns of numerous polypeptides separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. After two-dimensional electrophoresis, the gels were dipped successively in buffers for preequilibration, protease digestion, and reequilibration. They were then returned to the electrophoresis tank, and electrophoresis was continued for a short time. After silver staining, digestion products appeared, lined up behind the original polypeptide spots. The method allows proteolytic patterns of numerous polypeptides to be visualized simply and quickly. Among proteins of wheat leaves, 31 groups of related polypeptides were found according to the similarity of their proteolytic patterns.
Three different extraction procedures for two-dimensional electrophoresis of plant proteins are compared: (i) extraction of soluble proteins with a nondenaturing Tris-buffer, (ii) denaturing extraction in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate at elevated temperature allowing the solubilization of membrane proteins in addition to a recovery of soluble proteins, and (iii) a trichloroacetic acid-acetone procedure allowing the direct precipitation of total proteins.
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A 27-year-old female recipient of a renal allograft, treated with systemic steroids and azathioprine, developed progressive cutaneous lesions (an ulcer, a nodule, and an abscess). Histopathologic and tissue-culture examination of the skin lesions led to the diagnosis of cutaneous cryptococcosis. A description of the light and electron microscopic features of the cutaneous lesions is reported. A thorough visceral investigation failed to detect systemic involvement. The patient was treated with oral ketoconazole (400 mg daily) for 6 months. A gradual healing of the lesions was obtained, and cultures performed 3 months after the onset of treatment failed to show Cryptococcus neoformans. No relapse or dissemination has so far been observed.
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A system for the simultaneous silver staining of numerous two-dimensional gels bound to polyester sheets is proposed. Under controlled conditions, a very good reproducibility of staining can be obtained, even between different experiments. Procedures to avoid artifacts due to polyester sheets (background, silver mirror, and vertical streaking) are described.
Nailfold capillary microscopy patterns in 22 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) were compared with those of 21 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 30 patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma [SD]). Microvascular data were classified blindly as follows: normal, nonspecific abnormalities, SD pattern, and SLE pattern, with special attention to the presence of dystrophic, branched "bushy" capillary formations. Of the 22 patients with MCTD, 63.6% had an SD pattern, 22.7% had an SLE pattern, 13.6% had nonspecific abnormalities, and 72.7% had bushy capillary formations. Compared with SLE microangiopathy, MCTD microangiopathy exhibited significantly greater capillary loss (P less than 0.05), more frequent SD patterns (P less than 0.001), and more frequent bushy capillaries (P less than 0.001). Compared with SD patients, MCTD patients displayed less frequent SD patterns (P less than 0.02) and more frequent bushy capillary formations (P less than 0.01). The presence of bushy capillaries was suggestive of MCTD. For diagnostic purposes, bushy capillaries displayed 72% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 87.2% negative predictive value. The quantitative and qualitative expressions of microangiopathy were different in MCTD and SLE, respectively. This supports the hypothesis that each disease is a distinct entity. Nevertheless, there were many resemblances between MCTD and SD, which implies that MCTD is possibly a clinical form of SD.
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