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Biomedical subjects

F L Ampil

Publications and source records attributed to F L Ampil.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Palliative irradiation of carcinomatous lumbosacral plexus neuropathy.

Carcinomatous lumbosacral plexus neuropathy is a relatively rare occurrence, although it is frequently encountered in clinical oncologic practice. The value of radiotherapy for this neoplastic disease complication was assessed in 28 evaluable patients from two institutions between 1981 and 1984. In over half of the cases, the subjects were 40 to 60 years old and had carcinoma of the ano-rectosigmoid colon. The overall therapeutic subjective and objective response rates were 88.8 and 48.1%, respectively. The complete subjective response rate was 85.1% whereas the complete objective response rate was only 29.6%. From an evaluation of the various total dosage schedules employed, it appeared that a favorable (subjective/objective) treatment result was dependent upon a higher administered total dose of no less than 30 Gy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Radiotherapy for carcinomatous brachial plexopathy. A clinical study of 23 cases.

Twenty-three patients with the clinical or pathologic diagnosis of carcinomatous brachial plexopathy received external irradiation. Significant pain relief was achieved in 77.2% (17/22) of the patients for a median duration of 3 months. The observed objective response rate was 46.1%. The total administered dose (range, 1000 rad/5 fractions-5800 rad/31 fractions) as well as the treatment field width size (range, 5-24 cm) varied. Analysis of these two technical radiotherapy factors indicated that the total amount of delivered dose rather than the therapy-port-width size was the more important factor in the achievement of optimal symptomatic palliation. A literature review summarizes results of external irradiation for this painful disease syndrome, including superior sulcus Pancoast tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative external irradiation in thyroid carcinoma: a clinical experience of 20 treated patients and literature radiotherapy review.

A retrospective review is presented of 20 evaluable patients who underwent surgical resection or biopsy for limited stage thyroid carcinoma at two institutions between 1963 and 1983. The majority had external radiotherapy to the whole neck and upper mediastinum and the total dose given varied from 3,800 to 6,000 rads. For group I (microscopic residual disease), 81.8% (9/11 patients) local control was observed during a follow-up period of 2-75 months with adjuvant postoperative irradiation compared to surgery alone, 14.2% (1/7 patients) local control; 75% (9/12 patients) are alive and well. In group II (gross residual disease), local control was 25% (2/8 patients) and the survival was 14 and 60 months, respectively, with external radiotherapy. The beneficial external irradiation effects in terms of local control and survival even in some patients with gross unresectable disease are reiterated from this small series. A literature review summary of external radiotherapy results is also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Primary malignant neoplasm of the female urethra.

This is a retrospective review of 11 cases of primary malignant neoplasm of the female urethra seen at the Louisiana State University Medical Center in Shreveport from 1951 to 1984. The disease was relatively more frequent in the 60- to 79-year age-group. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common among the different observed histopathology. A modified clinical staging system is introduced. At diagnosis, eight of 11 subjects (73%) had locally extensive disease. The majority of the patients were treated with radiotherapy alone or in combination with surgery. The overall severe complication rate was low. The poor results (20% local control and survival) obtained in this small experience suggest that perhaps a study using promising adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents is warranted. A literature review summary of reported radiotherapy results is included.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

"Routine" weekly blood counts during breast irradiation for early stage cancer: are they really necessary?

The present investigation analyzed the weekly blood count assays of 73 women receiving breast irradiation after organ-preserving surgery for early stage cancer. With regard to leucopenia and anemia, grade 1 toxicity occurred in 26% and 21%, respectively, of the cases. Thrombocytopenia of any degree and grades 2-4 leucopenia or anemia were either not seen or were minimally observed. Most of the patients who experienced grade 1 or grade 2 toxicity had received preirradiation chemotherapy. We stress the importance of a baseline blood count recording prior to breast irradiation and the need for further study to define better the population for whom continuous weekly blood count determinations might prove to be useful.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radical combined treatment of locally extensive head and neck cancer in the elderly.

PURPOSE: Few studies have described the effects of aggressive combined therapy for locally extensive head and neck cancer in the elderly. Our study evaluated the outcome of this particular cohort of patients after such treatments. METHODS: Survival, failure, morbidity, and complication rates were determined retrospectively in 43 elderly patients with stage III or IV head and neck cancer who underwent curative surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (n = 33) or neoadjuvant, 3-drug chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (n = 10) between the years 1977 and 1992. RESULTS: The crude survival rate at 3 years was 27% in patients managed by surgery plus radiotherapy, and 30% in individuals treated with chemoradiation; the corresponding locoregional failure rates were 23% and 30%; and the distant failure rates were 13% and 0%, respectively. The acute toxicity rate was 12% in the surgery plus radiotherapy group and 30% in the chemoradiation patients; the corresponding late complication rates were 0% and 10%. There were no toxic deaths. CONCLUSION: Radical combined treatments can be performed safely and achieve long-term, disease-free survival in selected elderly patients with locally extensive head and neck cancer.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fever complicating brachytherapy application in patients with cancer of the cervix.

A retrospective study of one decade of intracavitary brachytherapy (ICB) for cancer of the cervix (CC) showed that ICB application was not immediately interrupted in 28 febrile patients. Twenty-eight afebrile women treated in a similar manner served as a control group. Significant differences in cumulative survival, locoregional failure, and complication rates were not observed between the patient groups. These findings suggest that it is not mandatory to promptly discontinue ICB application in the patient with CC when significant body temperature elevation occurs during the administration of ICB.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cranial irradiation in patients with brain metastasis: a retrospective study of timing.

PURPOSE: A retrospective study was conducted to determine the importance of the interval between diagnosis of brain metastasis (BRM) and cranial irradiation (CI). METHODS: The charts of 92 patients with a known diagnosis of cancer and suspected BRM as shown on radioimaging studies were reviewed retrospectively. The median interval between diagnosis and the onset of CI for BRM was five days; one group of 48 individuals received CI within an interval of five days, and another group of 44 patients after an interval of five days. Symptom palliation, objective responses to CI and survival were evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: Neither symptomatic and objective responses to treatment nor overall survival differed significantly between the patient groups. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that while CI is beneficial to most patients with BRM, its timing after the diagnosis of BRM may not seriously affect patient outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomographic staging of esophageal cancer and prognosis.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine whether computed tomography (CT)-determined staging of esophageal cancer (EC) has prognostic correlation. The results showed a strong relevance of staging of EC by CT to survival (p<0.01).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of prophylactic lung cancer irradiation in patients (with stage M1 disease) without chest symptoms.

The outcome with prophylactic lung cancer irradiation (PLCI) in persons with stage M1 disease but without chest symptoms was assessed in a retrospective review of 68 cases. Eighteen individuals (group A) received PLCI while 50 did not (group B). Median survival was similarly short (4 and 2 months, respectively) in group A and B. Twenty-one patients were evaluable concerning subsequent symptomatic local tumor progression (SLTP) based on clinical and radiographic manifestations. Three of 16 (19%) group B patients experienced SLTP, whereas none of the five in group A did (p = 0.26). Median survival was nine months in the latter and four months in the former patient set. The results suggested that, although PLCI may not enhance survival, it could promote a better quality of remaining life in these particular persons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stage IV-A carcinoma of the cervix.

A review of 21 women irradiated because of stage IV-A carcinoma of the cervix was undertaken to determine whether applied external beam pelvic irradiation (EBPI) and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICB) for the disease would result in improved survival but at the price of irradiation-induced fistula formation in the tumor-involved bladder or rectum. Based on the 14 evaluable patients who received megavoltage EBPI, the five-year survival rate was better when EBPI was applied with ICB than with EBPI alone, 33% versus 0%, respectively (p = 0.06). All seven cases of vesicovaginal or rectovaginal fistulas were observed in the presence of malignant tumor. Fistula formation did not occur in any of the six patients who received EBPI with ICB.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation therapy palliation in malignancy-associated ureteral obstruction.

Between 1981 and 1985, 20 patients with malignancy-associated ureteral obstruction (MAUO) were given external beam irradiation with a palliative intent. In the majority of cases, MAUO was due to carcinoma of the cervix or prostate gland. Complete symptomatic relief occurred in 91% and measurable (neoplasm or its manifestation) improvement was seen in 23% of the evaluable patients. Significant alleviation of ureteral blockage was noted in about a third of cases. The overall median period of survival was 7.5 months.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relative radioresponsiveness of small cell lung cancer.

Sixty-eight irradiated patients with one of the four major histological cell types of lung carcinoma were analyzed to provide additional evidence on the known radioresponsiveness of small (oat) cell lung cancer. The majority of evaluable subjects obtained symptom(s) relief irrespective of histology. Relatively higher complete objective response rates and longer average periods of survival were observed in individuals with undifferentiated large or small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) than in those with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Three of six long-term survivors were from the SCLC patient group. It was concluded that radiotherapy response is a predictive factor for survival and that SCLC is not radioresistant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malignant lymphoma of the salivary gland: case reports and review of the literature.

Six cases of malignant lymphoma with unusual presentation in the salivary gland are reported here. In all subjects (except one), the lesion was located in the parotid gland. After further investigation and in accordance with the Ann Arbor staging system, patients' disease stages were I (1), II (3), III (1), and IV (1). Following the establishment of diagnosis through either tumor biopsy or resection, radiotherapy was given for early (I-II) and chemotherapy for more advanced (III-IV) stages of malignancy. With an average follow-up period of 27 months, overall 33% (2/6) survival and 67% (4/6) local control rates were observed. The literature is reviewed with consideration of clinicopathologic features and results of applied treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic factors in childhood intracranial neoplasms.

Thirty-six cases of primary itracranial neoplasm in children (over 1 year but under 13 years of age) seen at the university medical center between 1951 and 1982 were reviewed because of concern as to the results and after-effects of applied therapy. The overall 5-year actuarial survival rate was 17%. Several factors of possible prognostic relevance, such as patient's age, intracranial location of the tumor, application or non-application of therapy, single or multiple modes of therapy, and extent of surgery, were analyzed. Completeness of surgical removal of the tumor proved to be the only statistically significant factor that correlated with survival. There was only one recorded case of severe learning disability and abnormal neuropsychologic development among the 12 living patients. The influence of patient's age (and technical factors) at the time of irradiation in correlation with the child's subsequent posttreatment functional performance, as reported in the literature, is reviewed.

Age Factors↗