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Biomedical subjects

F Launay

Publications and source records attributed to F Launay.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Progressive forearm lengthening in children: 14 cases].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: There are few indications for forearm lengthening in children. Several techniques have been proposed. We report our experience with progressive lengthening of the forearm in children using a unilateral axial external fixator and an improved technique consisting in initial insertion of an intramedullary guide wire. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Since 1990, we performed 14 forearm lengthenings in 9 children. Radial agenesia (5 forearms in 4 children), and hereditary multiple exostosis (3 forearms in 2 children) were the predominant causes. The ulna was involved in 9 cases and the radius in 5. Age at initiation of the lengthening procedure ranged from 4.5 to 14.8 years (mean 9.9). The lengthening technique consisted in a transverse subperiosteal osteotomy of the bone shaft then progressive distraction with a unilateral axial external fixator. When axial deviation had to be corrected, we used a subtraction osteotomy. In our last 10 cases, we inserted an intramedullary guide wire in the lengthened bone. The external fixation was left in place throughout the lengthening procedure and until complete bone healing. Serial radiographs were used to assess bone healing, the degree of lengthening achieved and any axial deviation at the end of lengthening. RESULTS: All 14 forearms were reviewed at a mean 50.6 months. Mean lengthening was 26.4 mm (range 10 - 52 mm). There were no nerve or vessel complications. In one case, reducible claw finger completely regressed after temporary interruption of the lengthening. There were 6 cases of late healing requiring a secondary bone graft. The healing index was 61.9 days per cm gained length. There were 3 cases with an axial deviation at the end of lengthening. DISCUSSION: Insertion of a guide wire in the bone being lengthened reduced the risk of late healing compared with lengthening procedures without a guide wire, avoiding axial deviation. In addition, this technique led to more rapid bone healing so the fixator could be removed earlier. We have found this method to be easier to perform on a normally axed segment. This would require an initial subtraction osteotomy for prior alignment. CONCLUSION: Forearm lengthening is a difficult procedure. Use of an intramedullary guide wire associated with an external fixation and an initial osteotomy for axial correction when needed and possibly stabilization of the wrist is an important contribution, particularly for malformed forearms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

First Observation of the Forbidden k-X Transition of (13)C(16)O.

A weak rotationally resolved absorption band of (13)C(16)O has been identified from photographic spectra at 1078 Å and assigned to the forbidden transition from the X(1)Sigma(+) (v = 0) ground state to the k(3)Pi (v = 3) valence state. It is similar in structure to the corresponding band of (12)C(16)O but due to the fact it was photographed at a relatively low pressure only the two strongest rotational branches could be positively identified. It is the first time that the forbidden k-X transition has been observed for (13)C(16)O. The measured isotopic shift in the band origin provides independent confirmation of the new vibrational assignment of the k state by G. Berden, R. T. Jongma, D. Van der Zande, and G. Meijer (J. Chem. Phys. 107, 8303-8310 (1997)). Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

A Reinvestigation of the c(3)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) (0-0) Absorption Band of Carbon Monoxide.

The forbidden c(3)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) (0-0) absorption band of carbon monoxide has been reinvestigated under different pressure conditions using the 10.7-m VUV spectrograph at Meudon. Overlap with the allowed C(1)Pi-X(1)Sigma(+) (0-0) band at lower transition energy has been taken into account. We have identified a new rotational branch corresponding to an S-type branch and extended the analysis to both higher and lower J. An analysis of the band structure and the low J transition lines suggests that the band gains its intensity predominantly as a result of an interaction of the c(3)Pi state with a (1)Sigma(+) state, most likely the C(1)Sigma(+) (v = 0) state. Molecular constants have been obtained for the c(3)Pi state that are in reasonable agreement with those previously published. The apparently anomalous small value for the centrifugal distortion constant is explained by a homogeneous perturbation with the k(3)Pi valence state. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

The Vacuum Ultraviolet Absorption Bands of the Pink Afterglow Spectrum of Molecular Nitrogen Revisited at High Resolution.

The absorption spectrum of the pink afterglow of molecular nitrogen in the vacuum ultraviolet has been analyzed at high resolution. The spectrum exhibits hot bands involving vibrational levels of the electronic ground state as high as v" = 19. Experimentally determined term values are derived for v" = 0-19, of which v" = 16-19 were before now poorly known. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the foot and ankle: a report of eight cases.

Eight cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the foot and ankle are reported. The purpose of this study was to analyze the manifestation of pigmented villonodular synovitis in the foot and to evaluate treatment options. There were four cases in the ankle and hindfoot, one in the first tarsometatarsal joint, and three in the toes. In seven of eight cases, diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The tenosynovial form was found in the toes and the articular form in the hindfoot and ankle. Surgical treatment was performed in all cases: one arthroscopically assisted synovectomy in the ankle joint, two talocrural arthrodeses, one subtalar arthrodesis, one tarsometatarsal arthrodesis, and tumor removal on the toes with arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in two cases. Average follow-up was 4 years. Recurrence occurred in one toe and led to partial amputation. Malunion in one ankle arthrodesis was operated on again with no sign of recurrence. In the toes, the lesion had a tumoral feature; the bone was infiltrated by soft tissue, and the surgical procedure was local removal of the tumor. In the hind-foot, the lesions were intra-articular and required synovectomy, usually with an arthrodesis. In the midfoot, there was a large extraosseous tumor surrounding tendons with destructive articular lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The High-Resolution Vacuum Ultraviolet Emission Spectrum of Molecular Nitrogen from 82.6 to 124.2 nm: Level Energies of 10 Excited Singlet Electronic States

The high-resolution emission spectrum of molecular nitrogen was photographed in the vacuum ultraviolet from 82.6 to 124.2 nm. The use of a low-pressure Penning-type electric discharge source has led to considerably reduced self-absorption at short wavelengths, making it possible to record as many as 283 emission bands. All emission bands have been rotationally analyzed, 215 being observed for the first time, and are reported in a separate publication. Energy values were deduced for the nonpredissociative or only slightly predissociative rovibronic levels in 10 singlet electronic excited states. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

[Static instability and dislocation of the 2nd metatarsophalangeal joint. Comparative analysis of 2 different therapeutic modalities].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The authors report the results of instabilities and dislocations treatment of the second metatarsophalangeal joint using two different surgical methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 129 patients (131 feet) with 19 instabilities, 43 subluxations and 69 dislocations of the second metatarsophalangeal joint. The first group of 66 patients (75 feet operated before 1994) had an arthrolysis using a dorsal approach associated to a lengthening of the tendon extensor digitorum longus. Reduction of the metatarsophalangeal joint was fixed by a K wire (15 feet of this group had an associated basimetatarsal osteotomy). The second group of 53 patients (56 feet operated since 1994) had the association of arthrolysis, tendon lengthening, and distal metatarsal osteotomy according to S. Weil. RESULTS: Results were appreciated on different criterions: deformity recurrence, emergence of metatarsalgia on the adjacent ray, discomfort in walking and shoe wearing. Results are significantly better in the second group of patients. DISCUSSION: The main cause of second ray lesions is related to metatarsal relative length abnormality. The authors compare different surgical techniques for the metatarsophalangeal joint, distally and proximally to it, and assess indications. CONCLUSION: The better the relative length abnormality is corrected, the better is the prognosis after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Posterior position of acetabular component of a total hip prosthesis: possible cause of lower limb rotation problem].

INTRODUCTION: The authors report the case of an internal rotation of the lower limb, lately ascribed to a posterior placement of the acetabular component during total hip arthroplasty. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A 58 years old female had an irreducible internal rotation of the right hip 3 years after total hip arthroplasty for arthritis. When the hip was extended, the lower limb showed an irreducible internal rotation of 45 degrees. In flexion of the hip this rotation disappeared. AP radiograms showed femur and femoral stem in internal rotation, a healed fracture of the acetabulum, and the acetabular component seemed to be in correct position. On CT scan the acetabular component was 4 cm posterior to the anatomic location, although there was no abnormal anteversion of the stem and acetabular component. Revision, with relocation of the acetabular component, corrected lower limb rotation. DISCUSSION: Posterior position of the acetabular component has not been described as a cause of lower limb malrotation. Normally the strength of the external hip rotators muscles is three times as important as of the internal rotators. The transverse acetabular fracture led to backwards placement of the acetabular component and yelded in an automatic internal rotation of the femur, because the trochanter kept an anatomical position in the horizontal plane. The posteriorised rotation center of the hip had changed the balance of the different rotator muscles, some of them, originally external rotators, becoming internal rotators.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1994

[Interventional neuroradiology. Drug treatment, monitoring and function tests].

Specialized monitoring as well as function tests and drug therapy play an ever growing role in neuroradiological procedures. The particular route of administration and the territories involved in neuroradiology require special precautions. Anaesthesia must enable the operators to monitor the central nervous system since the patients must remain totally immobilized for several hours. Catheterization is made safe by careful asepsia and antibiotic prophylaxis and by preventing embolic events, particularly in neuro-cervico-facial interventions where an anticoagulant protocol is important. Arterial spasms can be prevented or cured with calcium inhibitors. The safety of the procedure itself is guaranteed by various function tests including sensitivity to ischaemia using anaesthetic barbiturates, controlled clampings or the lidocaine test. Undesirable effects of both emboli (e.g. toxicity of cyanoacrylate glue) and embolization (e.g. subsequent venous thrombosis) can be prevented by adapted anti-inflammatory drugs. Herein, we describe the routine monitoring conditions, drugs prescribed and function tests performed at the Therapeutic Angiography Department of the Lariboisière Hospital, Paris.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1993

Effects of CRF on isolated Japanese quails selected for fearfulness and for sociality.

The effects of CRF on the behavior and plasma corticosterone levels of isolated Japanese quail chicks were determined. Doses of 15, 30, and 45 micrograms/kg of CRF reduced the number of distress vocalizations emitted during isolation in chicks of a control line. The behavioral responses to a 15 micrograms/kg dose of CRF in lines selected either for high (HSR) or low (LSR) level of sociality or for low (STI) or high (LTI) fearfulness were compared. CRF suppressed vocalizations and increased the number of pecks at food. In LTI and STI chicks, CRF decreased the number of distress calls. In HSR chicks, CRF increased the number of pecks at food and suppressed vocalizations. No effect of CRF was found in LSR chicks. Chicks of the HSR, LSR, LTI, STI, and control lines were injected with 15 micrograms/kg of CRF or saline solution and the level of corticosterone measured following a 15-min isolation period. CRF or isolation alone slightly activated the HPA axis, whereas CRF plus isolation greatly increased corticosterone levels except in the LSR line. These differential responses of LSR chicks and chicks of the other lines, indicate a possible role of CRF in the regulation of social reinstatement behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Postmortem interval estimation by creatinine levels in human psoas muscle.

A new method was tested for estimating time after death in the middle range of postmortem interval (weeks). Creatinine muscular concentration in human cadaver is positively correlated to postmortem estimation. Temperature should be mainly related to the creatinine transformation rate. A stronger correlation was found at 11 degrees C up to 30 days and at 20 degrees Celsius up to 15 days.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthesia for intracranial aneurysms treated by endovascular approach: 31 cases].

Midazolam perfusion associated to fentanyl injections induces a sedation sufficient to allow balloon progression through vessels as far as aneurysm, an often long procedure, even for very anxious or neurological damaged patients. At the same time, sedation lightening as well as specific antagonists naloxone or flumazenil can reverse such a sedation to permit a reliable neurological examination after the balloon dilatation which is necessary too. Nevertheless this sedation requires to take great care to install patient and to use a tele-monitoring.

Adolescent↗