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F Ly

Publications and source records attributed to F Ly.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Definition of an algorithm for the management of common skin diseases at primary health care level in sub-Saharan Africa.

In order to help primary health care (PHC) workers in developing countries in the care of common skin diseases, an algorithm for the management of pyoderma, scabies, superficial mycoses, contact dermatitis and referral of early leprosy cases (based on the identification of diseases through the presence of objective key signs, and on treatments by generic drugs) was elaborated. One thousand patients were seen by trained dermatologists, who established diagnoses and treatments; in addition, there was systematic recording of each key sign, according to the successive algorithm steps. We compared the diagnostics and treatments obtained for several combinations of diagnostic signs, with those of the dermatologists. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of defined combinations were high for pyoderma, scabies and superficial mycoses. Values were less exact for dermatitis and leprosy, but were considered sufficient for the level of health care targeted. The apportionment of treatments between the algorithm and the dermatological approaches was considered appropriate in more than 80% of cases; mismanagement was possible in 7% of cases, with few predictable harmful consequences. The algorithm was found satisfactory for the management of the dermatological priorities according to the standards required at the PHC level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1-associated infective dermatitis in Africa: a report of five cases from Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Infective dermatitis (ID) is a rare dermatological condition of childhood that has been linked to human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Most cases have been reported in the Caribbean. Although several million people are estimated to be infected by HTLV-1 in sub-Saharan Africa, no case of ID has been reported in this area. OBJECTIVES: To identify and to describe cases of HTLV-1-associated ID in Senegal, West Africa. METHODS: Over a 3-year period, a serological test for HTLV-1 was performed at a dermatological centre in Dakar, Senegal, in children who presented with a picture suggestive of ID. Complementary haematological, immunological and virological investigations were performed in infected children and in their mothers. RESULTS: Five patients with typical HTLV-1-associated ID were identified, of ages 17, 5, 4, 3 and 3 years; two patients belonged to the same family. They all presented with repeated flares of superinfected dermatitis involving typical sites of ID (mainly the scalp, external ears, nares and eyelids), associated with nasal discharge, and less commonly with a nonspecific papular rash on the face or trunk. Although oral antibiotic therapy always gave effective control of the symptoms, recurrences were constant. A persisting dry dermatitis of the retroauricular folds was common between flares. Infection in the oldest patient was associated with a chronic adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. The mothers of three patients, and the grandmother of another, were all infected by HTLV-1 strains belonging to the Cosmopolitan molecular subtype, with a perfect nucleotide identity of long-terminal repeat and env gp21 genomic regions within each family. CONCLUSIONS: We present the clinical and virological features of the first reported African cases of HTLV-1-associated ID. When compared with data from the Caribbean, infectious features seemed particularly prominent. ID appears to be overlooked in sub-Saharan Africa, where it might be easily confused with common pyoderma. Breast feeding appears to be the origin of HTLV-1 contamination of the children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Skin diseases associated with the cosmetic use of bleaching products in women from Dakar, Senegal.

BACKGROUND: The cosmetic use of bleaching products is considered a common practice in dark-skinned women from sub-Saharan Africa. However, there are few studies on this subject. OBJECTIVES: To increase the knowledge about the dermatological consequences of this practice in Dakar, the capital of Senegal. METHODS: A representative sample of 368 adult women presenting at our dermatological centre was selected. Each woman was questioned about her cosmetic use of bleaching products. Next, the following data were recorded in 425 women who used bleaching products: names and types of products used; modalities of the skin bleaching practice; skin diseases motivating the dermatological visit, with recording of their clinical features; and results of a full skin examination. The active substances of the bleaching products were determined mainly by reading the indications on their packages; with products of unknown composition, a pharmacological analysis of samples was done. A statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: Of the 368 women questioned, 194 (52.7%) were current users of bleaching products. Concerning the 425 users enrolled, products were applied on the whole body in 92% of users, with a median duration of use of 4 years. The active principles used included hydroquinone (used by 89% of users), glucocorticoids (70%), mercury iodide (10%) and caustic agents (17%); 13% of users used products of unknown composition. In the samples that were analysed, hydroquinone was found at concentrations of between 4% and 8.7%. Concerning steroids, superpotent (class 1) glucocorticoids predominated. The main skin complaints in bleaching products users included dermatophyte infections (n = 105) and scabies (n = 69), both often unusually extensive and severe; acne (n = 42), often severe; eczema (n = 41); irritant dermatitis (n = 14); and dyschromia (n = 26, including 14 cases of exogenous ochronosis). The skin examination noted features apparently disregarded by users: striae (noticed in 39% of users), and macular hyperchromia involving the face, mainly the periocular area (33%). The statistical analysis showed that glucocorticoid use was associated with the presence and severity of infectious skin diseases, and of acne. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the adult women presenting at our dermatology centre were using bleaching products. Most skin diseases observed in bleaching products users appeared to be induced, aggravated or modified by this practice. Superpotent topical glucocorticoids appeared to be the main agents responsible for the observed complications. The cosmetic use of bleaching products therefore has a major impact on our current dermatological practice.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2003

[Béjel].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗
PubMed2003

[Principles for the control of sexually transmitted infections in tropical areas].

Owing to their frequency and their own complications, sexually transmitted infections (STI) constitute a very classical health problem, especially in developing areas. The interest for those diseases has been on the rise since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic. Conventional sexually transmitted diseases (such as syphilis, chancroid, infections due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and to Chlamydia trachomatis) are potent cofactors of HIV transmission. It has been established that the treatment of patients with STI was able to lower the HIV incidence at the community level. Today the fight against STI relies mainly on preventive measures (promotion of lower risk sexual behaviours, blood transfusion safety), and on medical management of patients with STI. In order to treat rapidly cheaply and efficiently a great number of patients, standardised syndromic approaches, using generic drugs, have been elaborated for the most common STI. Other important complementary measures are based on the treatment of sexual partners and on the promotion of condom use. In addition to prevention of their specific complications, the fight against STI has become a major component of health policies against AIDS in developing countries.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

Cutaneous larva migrans with folliculitis: report of seven cases and review of the literature.

Seven patients (four men, three women, mean age 31 years), all returning from the tropics, presented with pruritic folliculitis and creeping eruption. The folliculitis consisted of 20-100 follicular papules and pustules confined to a particular area of the body, mainly the buttocks. The creeping eruption consisted of two to 10 serpiginous or linear burrows 1-5 cm long located either in the same area or in a different area from the folliculitis. Five patients were cured with one to three courses of ivermectin (one course in two cases, two courses in two cases and three courses in one case) and two patients were cured with a 3-day regimen of albendazole. Folliculitis should be added to the dermatological manifestations of cutaneous larva migrans. Treatment is more difficult than in classical forms of cutaneous larva migrans.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Necrotizing dermatitis due to Vibrio Vulnificus].

BACKGROUND: Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative halophilic pathogen for man that can cause septicemia in patients with chronic liver disease. In healthy subjects, infections are generally local or regional. We report two cases of necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis due to Vibrio vulnificus. CASE REPORTS: The first patient was a 21-year-old fisherman who developed extensive necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis 24 hours after a penetrating scratch with a fish bone. The second patient was also a fisherman. This 35-year-old man developed a massive area of necrotic tissue on the left leg, also 48 hours after a penetrating fish bone scratch. Both patients exhibited neutrophil hyperleukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Bacteriological study of the pus and damaged tissue identified Vibrio vulnificus. Blood cultures were negative. Liver tests and liver ultrasound were normal. The course was favorable in both cases with antibiotic treatment and excision of the necrotic tissue. DISCUSSION: For these two cases of Vibrio vulnificus necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis, the diagnosis was based on epidemiological, clinical and bacteriological arguments. Neither of these patients had liver disease, explaining the limited locoregional nature of the infection. The severity of the skin necrosis and its rapid course are related to the toxins produced by V. vulnificus. Curative medical and surgical care is generally effective in cases without septicemia and prognosis is good. Education of exposed subjects, fishermen and patients with chronic liver disease, should be helpful for prevention.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Tumoral mycetoma of the buttock].

BACKGROUND: Mycetomas are actinomycosic or fungal infections where the infectious agent produces grains. We report an atypical case of fungal mycetoma presenting as a tumoral formation on the buttock. CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old unemployed man from the Diourbel region of central Senegal consulted in February 1997 for a fistulalized tumor of the right buttock which had developed spontaneously and progressed for 5 years. The patient's general health remained satisfactory. Physical examination showed a voluminous 25 cm tumefaction extending from the right buttock to the perineum. The tumor showed a few areas of fistualization which discharged black grains under pressure. There was a 1.5 cm right inguinal node which did not appear to be inflammatory. The remainder of the physical examination was normal. Pathology reported inflammatory connective tissue surrounding a brownish polycyclic grain composed of spores and mycele filaments. The diagnosis of fungal mycetoma was retained and surgical excision under general anesthesia was performed. DISCUSSION: This is an atypical case of fungal mycetoma because of its tumoral form and gluteal localization. The differential diagnosis was cutaneous neurofibroma, myoma, or Darier-Ferrand dermatofibrosarcoma. The frequency of extrapodal red grain mycetomas has been pointed out by several authors from Senegal, but extrapodal black grain forms as seen in our case are more exceptional.

Buttocks↗
PubMed1997

[Cardiovascular manifestations in systemic scleroderma].

OBJECTIVES: Patients with systemic scleroderma often have latent heart disease which could play an important role in morbidity and mortality. We therefore conducted a prospective study of cardiovascular manifestations in patients with systemic scleroderma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study included 29 patients with systemic scleroderma who underwent a complete cardiovascular work-up including physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray and Doppler-echocardiogram from July 1993 to February 1996. RESULTS: Hypertension was observed in 6 patients (20.7%) and was positively correlated with age (p = 0.007). Raynaud syndrome was also found in 6 patients (20.6%). Heart disease was observed in 14 patients (48.3%) and was positively correlated with age and lack of treatment for scleroderma (p = 0.008). Myocardial disease was the most frequent (11 patients, 37.9%), followed by pericardial disease and valve disease (4 cases each, 13.8%). Rhythm and conduction disorders were found in 2 (6.9%) and 8 (27.6%) of the patients. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular manifestations are frequent but often latent in patients with systemic scleroderma. This finding emphasizes the importance of routine cardiovascular work-up in all patients with scleroderma.

Adolescent↗