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F T McDermott

Publications and source records attributed to F T McDermott.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

T-antigen expression by peanut agglutinin staining relates to mucosal dysplasia in ulcerative colitis.

Staining of 326 rectal mucosal biopsies from ulcerative colitis patients with peanut agglutinin (PNA), which binds to the T-blood group antigen and has been claimed to reflect a cancer-associated mucin alteration, showed highly significant direct associations with mucosal dysplasia (P less than 0.001), disease activity (P less than 0.001), and subsequent development of rectal cancer in a smaller series of patients (P = 0.005). Staining for normal colonic mucin by the Dolichos biflorus (DBA) lectin related significantly and inversely to dysplasia. Intense normal colon mucin staining by DBA related significantly (P less than 0.025) to long disease duration and to subsequent development of cancer (P = 0.02). The latter association is based on a small number of patients only and is not considered conclusive evidence, but may provide a link with goblet-cell hyperplasia. The authors conclude that although T-antigen expression relates to dysplasia, the findings of "false" positive and negative rates of 22 and 33 percent respectively, make it unlikely that staining of biopsy sections for the T-antigen by peanut agglutinin will contribute materially to routine assessment for dysplasia and cancer risk prediction in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Total and subtotal colectomy for colonic obstruction.

Colectomy (total or subtotal) is not the operation of choice for elective colonic cancer unless the patient is under 50 years of age, is undergoing curative resection, and has associated adenomatous polyps. Routine colectomy is not supported when a partial obstruction prevents preparation of the colon and interferes with proximal colonic examination. Colectomy (especially subtotal) is acceptable for the acutely obstructed colon but it is technically demanding and requires experience in patient selection.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Injury profile of pedal and motor cyclist casualties in Victoria.

The injury profiles of 512 pedal and 667 motor cyclist casualties managed during 1977-80 at four Melbourne teaching hospitals have been analysed using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (1980 revision). Additional comparison has been made between cyclist casualties involved in collisions with another vehicle, in single vehicle accidents and between casualties aged 17 years or more. Pedal cyclist casualties sustained significantly more frequent and severe head injury although the maximum level of injury to any part of the body (maximum abbreviated injury score) was, with the exception of casualties involved in single vehicle accidents, significantly greater in motor cyclist casualties. Head injury occurred in 59% of pedal and 26% of motor cyclist casualties (P less than 0.001); severe head injuries occurred in 9% and 4%, correspondingly. These differences may be explained, at least in part, by the fact that virtually all motor cyclists were protected by safety helmets whereas few pedal cyclists were similarly protected. The following countermeasures are recommended: effective promotion of approved safety helmet wearing in all schools; bulk purchase of helmets through the Ministry of Education for low cost distribution; a Government subsidy to reduce the costs of helmet purchase; legislation for compulsory wearing of approved safety helmets by pedal cyclists.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Gastric cancer and survival.

The survival of patients with cancer of the stomach in a Melbourne series showed no improvement over a 20-year period. Of 246 patients, 8.1% survived for a period of five years, and 4.8% survived for 10 years after presentation. A further plea is made to establish a "100%" register of cancer.

Australia↗
PubMed1984

Altered blood lymphocyte subclasses in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied by flow cytofluorimetry and monoclonal antibody techniques in 107 patients with ulcerative colitis and in 20 healthy controls of similar ages. Total T, T helper (TH), and T cytotoxic/suppressor (TC/S) lymphocytes were defined by the monoclonal antibodies OKT3, OKT4 and OKT8, respectively, while B lymphocytes were defined by surface immunoglobulin. Patients had a significantly (P less than 0.05) lower proportion of TC/S lymphocytes than the controls, and patients with quiescent disease had a reduced proportion of B lymphocytes compared to controls and those with active disease. Patients with marked mucosal dysplasia had a significantly (P less than 0.025) lower proportion of TH lymphocytes and a higher (P less than 0.01) proportion of B lymphocytes than those without dysplasia. There were no significant associations between lymphocyte levels and any other clinicopathological features assessed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Influence of tumour differentiation on survival after resection for rectal cancer in a series of 1296 patients.

The influence of differentiation grade on tumour staging, local recurrence and long term survival prospects has been evaluated in a series of patients managed by resection for rectal cancer. Differentiation was known in 1095 of 1296 patients. Well-differentiated tumours were over-represented among Dukes' stage A cases and poorly differentiated among those with disseminated disease (P less than 0.001). Local recurrence was twice as common (31%) after curative resection of poorly differentiated tumours than of well (14%) or moderately (17%) differentiated. Five year cancer specific survival rates after resection (curative and palliative combined) of tumours of good, average or poor differentiation were 68%, 59% and 33%, respectively. After potentially curative resection, survival was also significantly worse in patients with poorly differentiated tumours (P less than 0.001); 5 year survival rates of patients with tumours of good, average or poor differentiation were 75%, 71% and 51%, respectively. Survival prospects beyond 5 years in patients with Dukes' stage A tumours were significantly reduced when the tumour was poorly differentiated; 5 and 10 year survival rates were 76% and 40%, respectively. However, patients with Dukes' stage C tumours of poor differentiation had an identical 5 and 10 year cancer specific survival, 26%. Patients with mucoid type tumours had worse survival prospects than those with non-mucoid type (P less than 0.02).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. What your patient wants to know.

The chronic nature of non specific inflammatory bowel disease causes anxiety for the patients who confront the doctor with concern about their future outlook. This paper addresses the questions a doctor is most likely to be asked and provides answers based on the most recent information.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1984

Curative local excision in the treatment of carcinoma of the rectum.

A safe, simple technique of curative local excision is used for early invasive carcinoma of the rectum. Strict criteria were applied in selecting patients for curative local excision: (1) the tumor was less than 3 cm in diameter; (2) there were no clinically involved pelvic lymph nodes; (3) the tumor had a pedicle or pseudopedicle, and (4) subsequent histopathologic examination showed that the tumor was confined to the mucosa and submucosa of the bowel wall and completely excised. Curative local excision in 16 patients had no operative mortality or morbidity. The five-year cancer specific survival was 100 per cent, which compares favorably with the 88 per cent cancer specific survival rate in 268 patients managed by conventional curative resection for Dukes' stage A tumors. When the 7.1 per cent operative mortality of resection was additionally considered, the five-year survival fell to 81 per cent. The probability of lymph-node metastases in primary rectal tumors confined to the mucosa and submucosa was found to be 6.2 per cent irrespective of their diameter, i.e., slightly less than the mortality of resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Why pedal cyclists should wear safety helmets.

The safety of motor vehicle occupants has been improved dramatically by legislation compelling the wearing of seat belts; protection of motor cyclists against head injury has followed the mandatory wearing of a safety helmet. Bicyclists have been relatively ignored, which is especially regrettable when two thirds of bicycle casualties are school children. Helmets are worn by approximately 25 per cent of adult bicyclists using arterial roads but by less than five per cent of school children.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Drink-driver casualties in Victoria. Peak periods on Thursday, Friday and Saturday nights.

Blood alcohol estimations are compulsory for all road accident casualties aged 15 years or older who present at public hospitals in Victoria. This article examines the results of blood alcohol estimations performed between 1978 and 1980 in casualties known to have been motor vehicle drivers (excluding motorcyclists). There were three times more male than female driver casualties. Blood alcohol levels in excess of the legal limit of 11 mmol/L (0.05 g/100 mL) were found in 36% of male and 12% of female driver casualties; in approximately half of these, blood alcohol levels exceeded 33 mmol/L (0.15 g/100 mL). Between Monday and Wednesday inclusive, the legal limit was exceeded in 19% of driver casualties. On Friday, Saturday and Sunday, the percentage of driver casualties with blood alcohol levels above the legal limit was 30%, 40%, and 32%, respectively. The percentage of male driver casualties with illegal blood alcohol levels was highest on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday nights (6 p.m. to 6 a.m.), and attained 56%, 62%, and 65% respectively. Of all drink-driver casualties, 56% sustained their injuries on these three nights. These results direct attention to the need for improved driver education and behaviour, and for intensified law enforcement by traffic police during Thursday, Friday, and Saturday nights.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Driver casualties in Victoria (1978-1980). Predominant influences of driver inexperience and alcohol.

The driving experience and blood alcohol profiles of motor vehicle driver casualties in Victoria for the period 1978-1980 were examined. Drivers with less than five years' experience were markedly over-represented among the casualties. There was a progressive and marked decline in the number of driver casualties between each of the first five years of driving experience. First-year probationary drivers had three times the casualty involvement of drivers with five years' experience. Probationary licensed drivers, who hold approximately 13% of licenses, accounted for 28% of driver casualties. Blood alcohol levels in excess of the legal limit of 11 mmol/L (0.05 g/100 mL) were more frequent in probationary drivers than in fully licensed drivers (30.4%, compared with 24.4% in fully licensed drivers). These findings, in conjunction with the known impairment of driving skills caused even by blood alcohol levels lower than the legal limit, lead us to recommend that legislation should be enacted making it an offence for probationary license holders to drive a motor vehicle after the ingestion of alcohol. In addition, educational programmes about high-risk accident situations and the alcohol problem on the road should be instituted as an integral part of training before a driving license is issued.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

The leaking anus.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1983

Tumor recurrence in the abdominal wall scar tissue after large-bowel cancer surgery.

In the Melbourne (Monash) series reviewed here the development of apparently isolated incisional scar tissue recurrences after curative excisions for large-bowel cancer proved unusual. Eleven patients with such a recurrence all died of disseminated disease within four years, and most within 12 months, of its development. This suggests that an incisional recurrence is a manifestation of disseminated cancer rather than isolated implantation.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1983

The risk of rectal carcinoma following colectomy in ulcerative colitis.

In a series of 1439 patients with ulcerative colitis, managed by one of the authors (E.S.R.H.), surgical resection was performed on 374 patients (26 per cent): colectomy, 273 (subtotal colectomy and mucous fistula, 172, colectomy and primary ileorectal anastomosis, 101); proctocolectomy, 61; and miscellaneous procedures, 40. Of the 172 patients undergoing subtotal colectomy and mucous fistula, 93 (54 per cent) subsequently required rectal excision, 33 (19 per cent) had ileorectal anastomosis performed as a second procedure, and in 46 (27 per cent) the rectum has remained as a mucous fistula. Two hundred seventy-three patients were at risk for the development of rectal cancer after subtotal colectomy; ten patients (3.6 per cent) subsequently developed rectal cancer. The cumulative probability of developing rectal cancer after subtotal colectomy reached 17 per cent at 27 years from disease onset. The tumors were more advanced in stage and of higher grade malignancy than those of a parallel general series of patients with rectal cancer uncomplicated by inflammatory bowel disease. Colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis has been successful for most patients. However, the experience of this series highlights the danger of carcinomatous transformation in the retained rectum, the requirement for regular long-term follow-up, the need for markers of precancerous change, and the value, where relevant, of prophylactic proctectomy.

Adolescent↗