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Biomedical subjects

F W Ahnefeld

Publications and source records attributed to F W Ahnefeld.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Possibilities and limitations of peripheral-venous parenteral feeding].

The possibilities of peripheral-venous nutrition as regards its substrate dosage are limited due to the vein tolerance (osmolarity) of the infusion mixtures. It is, therefore, imperative to achieve an optimum composition of the solution for obtaining the most favourable utilization rate for the organism. We have shown that a dosage below 0.6 g amino acids/kg BW per day does not have a positive influence on the nitrogen balance in comparison to a control group not nourished. The situation of a patient in the post-aggression phase results in 30 to 40% of the supplied amino acids being utilized in the energy metabolism and excreted as urea, in spite of a sufficient simultaneous energy supply. Not only does this uneconomical loss alone necessitate a higher amino acid dosage, but also the additionally increased catabolism of endogenous protein reserves in the post-operative phase. It remains to be tested whether the sole substitution of amino acids in a solution without carbohydrates over a short infusion period constitutes a compromise between the intended peripheral-venous tolerance and an effect on the nitrogen balance.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

[A new method to avoid aspirations (author's transl)].

When treating accident victims and other high-risk patients there is always the danger of aspiration until intubation has been completed. An ancillary unit is described that can be connected to any type of tracheal aspirator, working on the principle of increasing the suction. Thus liquids and solid particles can always be sucked out quickly and effectively. In this way the danger of aspiration is considerably reduced or avoided altogether.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[The anaesthesia outpatient clinic. A new concept of preanaesthetic preparation and treatment after two years experiences (author's transl)].

The anaesthesia outpatient clinic can be a new concept of preanaesthetic preparation and treatment. Related to the figures of 1977, a report is given about our 2-years experience. Patients from the usual outpatient clinics, like gynecology, urology, ENT, who are expected to be operated upon are immediately sent to the anaesthesia outpatient clinic for preanaesthetic check up. After the overall state of the patient has been examined, the original outpatient clinic and/or the family doctor are given information about the patients condition, and probably proposals for a preanaesthetic treatment are made. In 1977, 15% of all anaesthetized patients were checked as outpatients, another 40% were only examined after entering the hospital, whereas as few as 17% were not checked in the anaesthesic outpatient clinic. In patients, checked as outpatients, the period between the first day of hospitalisation and operation was evidently shorter than in patients, having been hospitalized at the time of preanaesthetic examination. This gives the opportunity to save money and beds. Furthermore, the anaesthesia outpatient clinic improves the organisation and efficiency of surgery, urology, gynecology etc., improves the relationship between patients and anaesthetists, decreases the risk of anaesthesia and operation, saves personnel and gives a qualified additional background for the purposes of graduation and student training.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗
PubMed1977

[Changes in amino acid concentrations in plasma after oral ingestion of oligopeptides and analogous amino acid mixtures].

To what extent an oligopeptide mixture differs in equimolar dosage from an equivalent amino acid mixture after oral intake was tested on 11 subjects. The plotted course and absolute order of magnitude of the two mixtures revealed no differentiation in the total amino acid concentration of the peripheral blood plasma. The same was true of the individual free amino acids in the plasma. The only difference was found in the graphic representation of the maximum amino acid concentration of the individual test subjects, which was usually reached at an earlier date with oligopeptides than with free amino acids. The difference is even more obvious in the portal vein, as is shown in a test series not yet completed, where the plasma amino acid concentration increased at a clearly earlier date after oligopeptide substitution than after the supply of the equivalent amino acid mixture.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

[Starvation and surgical intervention].

The metabolic processes under conditions of stress and starvation are not identical. Moreover, they have to be differentiated, as far as carbohydrate-, fat- and amino-acid-metabolism are concerned, because both situations are not compatible. It is therefore required, to avoid any kind of starvation and particularly to substitute for adequate substrates during the pre- and postoperative period.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

[Respiratory mass spectrometer in the intensive care unit. Possibilities of application (author's transl)].

The respiratory mass spectrometer has now reached such a high degree of technical perfection, that the instrument can be used in the intensive care unit without any problems. Simultaneous and continuous analysis of respiratory and non-respiratory gases is possible. Thus a great amount of informations concerning the respiratory situation of patients can be obtained noninvasively. Simple monitoring of respiratory gases as well as lung function analysis can be performed. Problems in the field of mechanical ventilation can be solved more effectively with the help of the instrument.

Air↗
PubMed1977

[Modifikation of the stylet for tracheal tubes (author's transl)].

The modified stylet (Rüschelit plastic) is longer than the common one. By pushing forward as far as necessary the stylet alone can be used to enter the larynx in cases of difficult intubation. The stylet is long enough to allow a loop to be formed at its proximal end to ensure stability between the tube and the stylet.

Intubation, Intratracheal↗
PubMed1977

[The oxymeter, a new device for the continuous transcutaneous measurement of the arterial oxygen partial pressure].

The transcutaneous measurement of the arterial pO2 is a practicable method for routine clinical use. The covering, calibration and fixation of the electrode are simple. In normal circulatory states the correlation between arterial and transcutaneous pO2 is high. The stability of the electrode permits its use even for long term monitoring. Recalibration is necessary at intervals of 12 h. Orientating blood gas analysis for control is nevertheless essential. After a measuring period of 5--6 h a blistering under the electrode is possible. The placement of the electrode has to be changed after 4 h. The continuous measurement opens new possibilities for the therapy, diagnosis and trend analysis.

Arteries↗
PubMed1977

[Quantitative analysis of particulate matter in infusion solutions, administration sets and additives (author's transl)].

There have been recevitly many comments on clinical and experimental reports which have demonstrated the safety problems associated with parenteral drugs contaminated with particles. Some countries have developed recommendations with a standard for counting of particles and their limits. Based on these limits, we have made a critical quantitative analysis of particulate matter in the most common commercially produced solutions, of particles added during manipulations in clinics and addition of drugs. Most authorities agree that particulate contamination should be kept to a minimum, above all in an intensive-care-unit where patients receive large quantities of solutions. As the risk to the patient is unacceptably high, many authors ask for filters to prevent the injection of particles in the bloodstream and their pathological consequences. A filter pore-size of 5 to 10 micron should be able to reduce this problem in a sufficient manner, without decreasing the infusion flow; whereas membrane-filters (0.22 micron), with their own problems, could also eliminate bacteria together with their microbiological hazards. Another source of particulate matter is represented by the injection of two or more drugs, administered at the same time, which may lead to chemical incompatibilities. This problem is not yet defined very well. To complete our quantitative analysis, we decided to start a prospective clinical study.

Critical Care↗