Side effects of cryotherapy.
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Cryosurgery↗
Biomedical subjects
G B Jemec
Publications and source records attributed to G B Jemec.
Contact dermatitis from Brazilian box tree wood (Aspidosperma sp.).
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Adult↗
Possible influence of growth hormone on sebum excretion in man.
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Adult↗
Immune reactions to Pityrosporum ovale in adult patients with atopic and seborrheic dermatitis.
Pityrosporum ovale is a lipophilic yeast commonly present in the seborrheic areas of the skin of adults. Fifty-five young adult patients with atopic dermatitis, 19 patients with seborrheic dermatitis, and 19 healthy control subjects were examined for immune reactions to P. ovale, including tests for specific IgE antibodies (prick test, histamine release), IgG antibodies and epicutaneous testing. IgE antibodies against P. ovale were found in two thirds of the patients with atopic dermatitis and were more frequent in patients with lesions predominantly in the seborrheic areas. In addition, some atopic patients had positive reactions to epicutaneous tests, which suggest that delayed allergic reactions to P. ovale may also be important. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis, no evidence of immediate or delayed hypersensitivity to P. ovale was found. IgG antibody levels were low in all groups.
Adolescent↗
The effect of superficial hydration on the mechanical properties of human skin in vivo: implications for plastic surgery.
The influence of topically applied tap water on the mechanical properties of human skin was studied in vivo by applying tap water to the ventral aspect of the forearms of 18 healthy volunteers for 10 or 20 minutes and then measuring distensibility, elastic retraction, and hysteresis. Significant increases in distensibility, resilient distensibility, and hysteresis were noted after 20 minutes of soaking. Most of these findings were already apparent after 10 minutes. This study shows that the epidermis plays a significant role in determining the mechanical properties of human skin. Possible practical implications of superficial skin hydration for plastic surgery such as tissue expansion and larger excisions are briefly discussed.
Adult↗
Epidermal hydration and skin mechanics. The relationship between electrical capacitance and the mechanical properties of human skin in vivo.
The possible relationship between skin capacitance and the mechanical properties of the skin was studied using non-invasive techniques. Skin hydration was changed by soaking skin with tap water. Hydration of the skin increased the capacitance significantly (p less than 0.01) and hysteresis (creeping phenomenon) (p less than 0.01). The elasticity of the skin was reduced by hydration (p less than 0.01). Capacitance was found to be a poor predictor of the mechanical properties of untreated skin; while increases in hysteresis (creeping phenomenon) and decreases in elasticity were significantly (p less than 0.0001) related to changes in the capacitance of hydrated skin.
Adult↗
Short-term effects of topical 17 beta-oestradiol on human post-menopausal skin.
Early studies performed between 1946 and 1952 reported that cutaneously applied oestrogens had local effects in spite of probable systemic absorption. In order to test the validity of these observations the epidermal effects of topically applied 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) of 8 post-menopausal women were studied in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study using non-invasive bioengineering techniques. E2 or placebo was applied twice daily for 45-50 days in a gel (at concentrations of 0.1 mg/g and 1.0 mg/g) and the results were compared. Changes in epidermal hydration (electrical capacitance and conductance) and mechanical properties were studied. We were unable to confirm the short-term local oestrogenic effects on post-menopausal human skin reported in the earlier studies. Thus, in spite of its high number of oestrogen receptors, the epidermis does not appear to be a target organ for oestrogens under clinical conditions.
Administration, Topical↗
Bone lesions of acne fulminans. Case report and review of the literature.
Acne fulminans, which is the most severe form of acne, affects mainly teenage men; its pathogenesis is unknown. In its most severe form bone lesions may occur, and although they appear to be transient, they cause considerable discomfort to the patient. Roentgenologically these lesions are not well defined, and often biopsies are performed to rule out malignancy or infection. The result of bone biopsies has, however, always been reported to be benign, as they are in this case. We report a case of acne fulminans with a distinct presentation of bone lesion in a technetium 99 scan and findings of high levels of C3 and C4 and low levels of serum estradiol. These changes have not been described before and are contrary to previously published findings.
Acne Vulgaris↗
Transonychial water loss: relation to sex, age and nail-plate thickness.
The transonychial water loss (TOWL) was measured in 21 healthy volunteers with an evaporimeter, to establish the usefulness of this technique and study the influence of sex, age and nail-plate thickness. The median TOWL was 19.4 g/m2 h-1 and it decreased with increasing age (R = 0.51, P less than 0.018). The median transepidermal water loss (TEWLHAND) from the back of the hand was 16.0 g/m2 h-1 and from the dorsal side of the underarm (TEWLARM) it was 5.6 g/m2 h-1. The TEWLARM was significantly less than from any of the two other points studied (P less than 0.01), while there was no significant difference between the values obtained on the hand and the nail. TEWLARM had a median value of 6.4 g/m2 h-1 in men and 4.3 g/m2 h-1 in women (P less than 0.05) in this study. No significant correlation between nail-plate thickness, as measured by ultrasound 20 MHz A-scan, and TOWL was found. Measurements of TOWL are of interest and should be age-related. Further studies are needed to determine TOWL in various forms of nail pathology.
Adult↗
Ultrasound structure of the human nail plate.
The structure of the normal human nail plate is described using an ultrasound scanner (20 MHz A). Postmortem studies, including examination of nail plate biopsy specimens before and after desiccation, were performed and compared with in vivo structures. Two compartments could be identified in the nail, ie, a dry and superficial compartment with the ultrasound velocity of 3103 m/s and a humid and deeper compartment with an ultrasound velocity of 2125 m/s. The ultrasound velocity of the entire nail was 2459 m/s, and the water content was 35% wt/wt. Underneath the nail, echoes from the nail bed were seen. Ultrasound was concluded useful for noninvasive measurement of nail thickness and examination of internal nail structure.
Adult↗
Effect of localized surgical excisions in hidradenitis suppurativa.
A study is made of the effect of surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurative in 72 patients. All patients were treated with wide surgical excisions of localized lesions and primary closure in an outpatient setting. An overall complete cure rate of 14.7% was achieved. Another 7.4% experienced cure in the region treated, but subsequent recurrence in another region. Cure does not seem to be associated with the localization of the disease or preoperative duration, but the group of patients who were cured were significantly older at the onset of the disease (p less than 0.001) than the group with recurrent disease. Patient satisfaction with excisional surgery was high, with 68% reporting surgery to be superior to other types of treatment experienced and only 6% considering it worse. It is hypothesized that the rapid relief, even if offered temporarily, in an otherwise chronic disease is the cause of this high patient satisfaction.
Adolescent↗
The symptomatology of hidradenitis suppurativa in women.
In order to establish the possible role of androgen in the development of hidradenitis suppurativa the symptomatology of the disease was studied in a group of 70 female patients. The results were compared with those obtained from an age-matched control group of healthy women. The incidence of women with signs of androgenization in the two groups did not differ significantly. The only significant differences found were a shorter menstrual cycle and a longer duration of menstrual flow in the women suffering from hidradenitis, and that women with hidradenitis were more likely to have a positive family history of hidradenitis. The prevalence of hidradenitis in the control group was 4%. The results show that hidradenitis is not accompanied by other signs of androgenization. The disease may be due to local changes in the apocrine glands of predisposed individuals.
Adolescent↗
Linear atrophy following intralesional steroid injections.
Two cases of perilymphatic atrophy following correctly administered intralesional steroid injections are reported. Perilymphatic atrophy produces a distinct clinical picture and may persist for months. A review of the literature shows that no treatment is indicated. It is stressed that the appearance of this cosmetically disturbing side effect is unpredictable, but spontaneously reversible.
Adolescent↗
The distribution of p29 protein in normal human skin.
In order to identify specific oestrogen-sensitive structures, normal human skin was examined for the binding of the ER D5 antibody which is associated with p29, a 29 kilodalton protein found in the cytoplasm of normal oestrogen-sensitive cells. Strong and specific staining was seen in the epidermis, with a gradient showing the most intense staining in the granular layer. Similar positive staining was seen in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Variable staining was seen in the eccrine glands and vessels. These findings demonstrate p29 to be present in these structures, and hence that oestrogens may exert a specific effect on these tissues.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Are acquired nevi oestrogen-dependent tumours?
Twelve benign acquired nevi were studied for the possible specific binding of the ER D5 monoclonal antibody. The ER D5 monoclonal antibody identifies the p29 protein, which is found in the cytoplasm of oestrogen-sensitive cells and which is present in a higher concentration than nuclear oestrogen receptors. No staining was seen in nevoid cells, and the results are taken to support the hypothesis that acquired nevi are not oestrogen-dependent tumours.
Adult↗
Hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita. Report of a case and review of the literature.
Hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita was observed in a female patient with small-cell follicular lymphoma stage IVB. The patient had additional complaints of a burning sensation on the tip of the tongue and the sudden appearance of several seborrheic keratoses on hands and forearms. The findings are well in agreement with those reported in the literature. It is concluded that the sudden appearance of down in an area previously perceived as hairless by the patient is highly indicative of widely disseminated internal malignancy and that this phenomenon can be seen in a wide range of cancers. Possible considerations for future investigations are given.
Female↗
Photographic surgery: standards in clinical photography.
The role of clinical photography in aesthetic plastic surgery requires it to set high standards for the quality of the photos taken. The comparable portrayal of a series of dynamic changes leaves little room for artefacts. Even very small variations in the pictures may cause drastic changes in the value of clinical photography in aesthetic plastic surgery. The basic variations are discussed and illustrated. It is stressed that unless stringent criteria for clinical photography are met, photographs lose their value with regard to both patients and their didactic value for surgeons. This has implications not only for the individual surgeon, but also for the art of aesthetic plastic surgery as a whole.
Humans↗