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Biomedical subjects

G Cocco

Publications and source records attributed to G Cocco.

126 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of a screening for atopy and aspecific bronchial hyperreactivity in 6-year-old children].

In the course of a clinic-anamnestic study performed from November 1984 to April 1985 by the collaborators of USL 40 Maternal-Infantile Service, among the children (1569) of the first primary school, 622 children has been selected for possible, probable and verified asthma. For making deeper the diagnosis, 358 children had gone to the respiratory allergologic section of division of pneumology and respiratory allergology of Cardarelli Hospital. The control group was formed from 12 children without atopic familiarity and without asthmatic tendency. Among the 358 children, 127 were asymptomatic but with familiar anamnesis positive for atopy; 219 had or had suffered allergic symptomatology. The authors had studied all children by Prick-test with a standard battery of allergens and with by methacholine aspecific bronchial reactivity test. The familiar tendency to atopy was present in 81.1% of studied children, with prevalence of maternal tendency (41,83%) in comparison with this of ascendents and collaterals. Among the asymptomatic subjects with atopic familiarity only 27.56% was skin positive for one or more allergens, while 59.82% of symptomatic subjects was skin positive. The bronchial aspecific reactivity with methacholine was increased in the 62% of asymptomatic and in the 84.69% of symptomatic subjects. The aspecific bronchial reactivity level in mean was higher in the children with bronchial asthma but also the subjects with rhinitis and chronic cough has showed a higher level in comparison with adults affected of similar symptomatology. In 8 children the authors have studied the reproduction of PD20 methacholine which was very high.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchial provocation tests in etiologic diagnosis of asthma.

UNLABELLED: Several methods of bronchial challenging have been described in literature. The comparison of the results obtained in different departments is, of course, very difficult. The Authors have been interested in the standardization of inhalation challenge techniques and they present in this work their method and the results obtained. The standardized method has a good specificity, because of the agreement between B.P.T. and other diagnostic tests. The bronchial reaction generally developes after the exposition to low doses of allergen extract, and this confirms the specificity of the method. Its precision, depending on the standardization of allergen extract activity by RAST and of inhalation procedures, is good. The reproducibility is of 100 per cent. The safety is high (rare untword reactions). IN CONCLUSION: this standardized method of bronchial challenging is useful in etiologic diagnosis of asthma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Asthma problems in southern Italy: A statistical study of 2362 asthmatic patients.

In this report we have described the statistical results of a clinical study on 2362 asthmatic patients living mostly in the Naples area and observed in our Division of Respiratory Allergy from January 1976 to May 1978. All data have been analyzed by a computerized method using an Univac 1100 Computer. We have studied some aspects of the atopic syndrome in this population of Southern Italy: frequency of allergic sensitization according to endogenous and extrinsic factors (particularly Parietaria officinalis, a characteristic pollen of the Southern Italian Flora), etc. Finally we have presented the first results of our allergological investigation in Naples concerning the distribution of allergic sensitization according to air pollution of the patient's home.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Extrinsic catecholaminergic control of the renal function during water and salt depletion].

Renal function was studied by means of the clearance method in the healthy subject during hypotonic polyuria induced in initial depletion conditions with or without adrenolytic treatment. Three experiments were performed: a) 19 in water-salt depletion; b) 9 in depletion associated with (+/-)-propranolol; c) 9 in depletion associated with prazosin. 15' clearance periods were carried out during control, dopamine infusion in a subpressor dose (0.1 microgram x kg-1 x min-1) and after suspension, respectively. PAH and endogenous creatinine clearance was also determined, Propranolol made no significant difference to renal function by comparison with simple depletion, whereas the more intense depletive effect of prazosin lead to a significant reduction in renal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration rate. Isosmotic and anisosmotic reabsorption of sodium (in % of the respective loads) was inhibited despite reduction of the filtrate and of the distal sodium load. Dopamine was ineffective as a vasodilator and natriuretic in water and salt depletion, while it displayed significant sodium-retaining properties. Pretreatment with propranolol and prazosin allowed dopamine to show vasodilator and hydrosaluretic effects during depletion. These results are in line with the view that the renal vasal and tubular alpha-adrenergic receptors make a significant contribution to the water and salt conservation associated with volume depletion, and that dopamine influences renal function under these experimental conditions probably by activating prejunctional beta-adrenergic receptors of noradrenergic nerve endings.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of coronary heart disease by kinetocardiography and electrocardiography before and after injection of dopamine and isoproterenol].

Eighty patients with coronary insufficiency, with or without infarction, were studied by kinetocardiography and electrocardiography before and after the infusion of dopamine (40 patients) or isoproterenol (40 patients). Twenty healthy subjects for dopamine and 20 for isoproterenol served as controls. The basal ECG has a moderate (52.5%) sensitivity and a high (92.5%) specificity. KCG-25 has a poor (19,7%) sensitivity and a high (95%) specificity. KCG-45 has a high (76.2%) sensitivity and a moderate (50%) specificity, 25/40 healthy subjects had at least one pathological finding: either the ECG or the KCG-25 or the KCG-45. The mechanisms and the relevance of the false positives of the KCG are reviewed. In spite of different pharmacological properties, there is no statistical difference in the effect of dopamine and isoproterenol on the ECG and KCG. The KCG may be considered equivalent to the ECG, taking into account that it brings different information. The infusion of dopamine or isoproterenol induces dyskinesia in some patients with coronary insufficiency. Only two statistically significant changes were observed: dopamine increases the sensitivity of KCG-25 (up to 44.4%) and the specificity of KCG-45 (up to 95%). In selected cases the infusion of dopamine may be a useful test.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Parinaud's syndrome caused by aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery].

The authors deal with a case, they have observed, of aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery whose clinical picture opened with an endocranial hypertension syndrome, associated with paresis of both sursumvergence and convergence (Parinaud's syndrome). Carefully analyzing literature, the authors didn't find other cases of aneurysms of intracranial anterior circulus associated with the above mentioned syndrome. They lastly propose pathogenic hypotheses justifying this association.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carbohydrate-induced thermogenesis in liver cirrhosis: glucose vs. fructose.

Reduced thermic response after a glucose load has been reported in liver cirrhosis. To determine the mechanism and the site of this phenomenon, the effects of glucose and fructose on energy expenditure (EE) were measured in seven well-nourished cirrhotic patients and in six healthy control subjects. EE and fuel utilization were measured via indirect calorimetry for 3 h after oral glucose or fructose administration (1 g/kg body wt). After a glucose load, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were higher in cirrhotic patients than in control subjects (p < 0.05). During the glucose trial, the cumulative incremental changes in EE over the 3-h measurement period were lower (p < 0.01) in patients than in the control subjects (0.98 +/- 0.13 vs. 1.70 +/- 0.23 kJ.kg-1.3 h-1). After fructose ingestion, the cumulative changes in the EE of control subjects (1.76 +/- 0.24 kJ.kg-1.3 h-1) and cirrhotic patients (1.59 +/- 0.15 kJ.kg-1.3 h-1) were similar. In cirrhotic patients, the EE increase after fructose was higher than after glucose (p < 0.05). After glucose and fructose ingestion, no difference was observed between the carbohydrate oxidation in cirrhotic patients and that in control subjects, and lipid oxidation was suppressed to the same extent in both groups. We conclude that glucose-induced thermogenesis is impaired in liver cirrhosis, whereas fructose can normalize the thermic response. Because fructose is chiefly metabolized in the liver, these findings suggest that extrahepatic tissues are the site of defective thermogenesis in liver cirrhosis.

Administration, Oral↗