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Biomedical subjects

G F Adami

Publications and source records attributed to G F Adami.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Role of the delayed hypersensitivity skin test in surgery].

The correlation between state of preoperative immunity assessed by in vitro test and the onset of postoperative septic complications has been evaluated. 153 patients subjected to surgery of choice have been examined. Before the operation cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity tests with recall antigens (streptokinase-streptodornase, purified tuberculoprotein and candidine) were carried out. 111 patients were classed as immunologically normal (at least one positive test) and 42 were anergic (no positive test) Among the former, 12 cases (10.8%) showed post-surgical septic complications, while among the latter, fully 24 (57%) suffered from infectious processes. It is concluded that, although numerous factors make patients prone to infection during the postoperative course, immunitary conditions play a very important part. Prophylactic measures are therefore suggested for anergic patient prior to surgery, measures that are essentially represented by parenteral support feeding and immunostimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of plasma insulin and GIP in obese patients subjected to biliopancreatic bypass].

Biliopancreatic bypass for obesity entails a 2/3 distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction, being the small bowel transected at its midpoint and the enteroenteroanastomosis placed 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Insulin and GIP fasting and meal-stimulated plasma concentrations were determined in 13 nonobese healthy volunteers, in 13 nonoperated obese patients, in 11 subjects within two months, in 12 subjects four to twelve months, and in 7 subjects fifteen to twenty months after operation. Insulin in the obese patients was significantly higher than in the control group. Postoperatively these patients showed a sharp reduction in basal and postprandial values. Plasma insulin levels, both basally and following the test meal, were very similar in the 15-20 month and the control group. Plasma GIP fasting level, meal-stimulated peak and integrated response in the obese group were higher than in control group. Due to the extreme variability among subjects in the obese group, the difference was significant only for the mean peak response. All values were greatly reduced after surgery. The mean fasting level in the 15-20 month group was very similar to that in the control group, and both peak and integrated responses were significantly lower than in the preoperative and control groups.

Fasting↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of plasma gastrin in obese subjects subjected to biliopancreatic bypass].

Biliopancreatic bypass for obesity entails a 2/3 distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction, small bowel being transected at its midpoint and the enteroenterostomy placed 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Plasma fasting and meal-stimulated gastrin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 13 nonobese healthy volunteers, 13 pre-surgery obese patients, 11 patients within two months, 12 patients between four and twelve months and 7 patients between fifteen and twenty months after operation. There were no significant differences in fasting and meal-stimulated peak plasma gastrin levels between obese group and the control group and between any of the postoperative groups and the preoperative group. The 15-20 month post-surgery group mean fasting value was lower than in the other groups, whilst the mean peak value was unchanged. Integrated gastrin response was significantly higher in this group than in the preoperative group.

Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) after surgical operations].

The behaviour of free fatty acids after surgery under general anaesthesia was examined. There was a significant increase in blood NEFA values over the baseline on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days in both absolute and percentage terms, followed by a return to preoperative levels on the 3rd day. It is suggested that this increase may play a part in the establishment of postoperative depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of single oral dose of phenobarbitone on lymphocyte blastogenic response in man.

A single oral dose of phenobarbitone 1.5 mg kg-1 was given to 18 normal subjects to evaluate the effects on lymphocyte function. Serum barbiturate concentrations and lymphocyte blastogenic response to three mitogens (PHA, Con A, PWM) were tested before and at 2, 12 and 36 h after drug administration. A serum barbiturate plateau of about 2 microgram ml-1 was maintained from 2 to 36 h. Lymphocyte blastogenesis was reduced with barbiturate compared with controls. However, the reduction was significant only at 36 h (P < 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Body composition and energy expenditure in obese patients prior to and following biliopancreatic diversion for obesity.

Body composition and resting energy expenditure (REE) were assessed in 69 obese patients prior to and 1 year following biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). Fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat sizes were very similar to those of nonoperated subjects closely matched for body weight and FFM size. In the BPD subjects, the REE data were high, thus excluding a dilatation of non-energy-consuming extracellular spaces and suggesting an increase in the ratio between the organs and the less metabolically active muscle mass within the FFM.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin-like growth factor-I in human malnutrition: relationship with some body composition and nutritional parameters.

The insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) plasma concentration was evaluated as a nutritional parameter in 18 patients affected with chronic malnutrition secondary to biliopancreatic bypass and compared with albumin, transferrin, and with body composition parameters: total body water (TBW), total body sodium (TBNa), total body potassium (TBK). Subjects were studied in malnutritional conditions and after 20 to 30 days of parenteral and enteral refeeding treatment. Immunoreactive IGF-I concentration was 0.35 U/ml +/- 0.07 (mean +/- SEM), significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than in age-matched controls (1.14 +/- 0.07 U/ml, n = 29) and rose significantly (0.84 +/- 0.12 U/ml; p less than 0.01) in parallel with the improvement of nutritional status. The ratios TBNa/TBW, TBNa/TBK, and TBK/TBW were then considered as reference parameters for definition of malnutritional state, and compared with IGF-I as well as with the most commonly used parameters, albumin and transferrin. Before treatment, IGF-I evidenced higher specificity (true negative ratios 0.63, 0.43, and 0.40 with regard to TBNa/TBW, TBNa/TBK, and TBK/TBW, respectively) than albumin (0.13, 0.14, and 0.10) and transferrin (0 in all cases), and slightly less sensitivity (true positive ratios for IGF-I 0.80, 0.67, and 0.67; always one for albumin and transferrin). Moreover, IGF-I resulted definitely more sensitive in assessing the effectiveness of the refeeding treatment and, on the basis of the likelihood ratio, it appeared a good discriminator of the nutritional status. The data indicate that different nutritional factors regulate IGF-I, albumin, and transferrin, and suggest that IGF-I can be used as a reliable and specific nutritional parameter, complementary to the others currently used.

Adult↗