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G Faure

Publications and source records attributed to G Faure.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Change in the lymphocyte subpopulations in bronchoalveolar lavage 72 hours after the allergen provocation test in the asthmatic].

Fourteen patients suffering from perennial allergic asthma linked to mono-sensitivity to the house dust mite were studied. An initial bronchoalveolar lavage with standard cytology as well as a study of the T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3, CD4, CD8, Leu 7) and B cells (CD19) was carried out, representing the basal situation. Four weeks later an allergic bronchial provocation test to purified extracts of the house dust mite was performed taking care to monitor the occurrence of any delayed bronchial response (8 out of 14). A second bronchoalveolar lavage was performed 72 hours after the bronchial provocation test. A significant rise of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar fluid was registered 72 hours after the provocation test; m +/- sem (%): 3.07 +/- 1.31 vs 7.78 +/- 1.22; p less than or equal to 0.005, Student t test for paired series. This large rise in eosinophils was observed independently of the type of response, whether immediate or biphasic. The CD4 lymphocyte subpopulations were significantly decreased after bronchial provocation tests m +/- sem (%) 12.21 +/- 2.79 vs 6.47 +/- 1.62; p less than or equal to 0.05 Student t test for paired series. There was no overall significant difference after the provocation tests in the CD8 lymphocyte subpopulation. However, a remarkable and significant rise was noted in the CD8 populations after bronchial provocation in 6 subjects presenting with an immediate isolated asthmatic reaction; m +/- sem (%) 10.17 +/- 4.01 vs 34 +/- 7.32, p less than 0.05, paired Wilcoxon test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Crotoxin, half-century of investigations on a phospholipase A2 neurotoxin.

Crotoxin, the major toxic component of the South American rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus terrificus, is a neurotoxic phospholipase A2 which exerts its pathophysiological action by blocking the neuromuscular transmission. Crotoxin acts primarily by altering the acetylcholine release from the nerves terminals through a mechanism which has not yet been elucidated. It also acts on postsynaptic membranes by stabilizing the acetylcholine receptor in an inactive conformation very similar to the desensitized state. Crotoxin is made of two dissimilar subunits: a basic and weakly toxic phospholipase A2 component-B, and an acidic and non toxic component-A which does not possess any enzymatic activity. Binding experiments showed that crotoxin subunits dissociate when crotoxin interacts with biological membranes: Component-B binds, whereas component-A appears free in solution. The phospholipase A2 subunit binds in a non saturable, non specific manner, on any kind of biological membranes, whereas in the presence of component-A it interacts only with a limited number of high affinity binding sites present on synaptic membranes but not on erythrocyte membranes. Although the target site (acceptor) of crotoxin has not yet been formally identified, binding experiments carried out with small unilamellar phospholipid vesicles of different compositions indicate that some negatively charged phospholipids like mono and diphosphoinositide phosphates might be an important component of crotoxin acceptor site. Crotoxin is in fact a mixture of several isoforms which have very similar but not identical polypeptide sequences. An individual Crotalus durissus terrificus snake is able to synthesize several crotoxin isoforms which may result of the expression of several isogenes and/or of post-translational events. When compared in quantitative manner, the crotoxin isoforms slightly but significantly differ in their enzymatic and pharmacological properties. Finally, immunochemical investigations carried out with polyclonal antibodies prepared against both crotoxin subunits, showed that non precipitating anti-component-B- antibodies (Fab) inhibit the phospholipase A2 activity of crotoxin and neutralize its lethal potency, suggesting that the catalytic and toxic sites of crotoxin are closely related.

Crotoxin↗
PubMed1989

Isotype evolution in the follow-up study of patients with Campylobacter pylori associated gastritis.

Four sequential immuno-assays were performed from May to November 1988 to follow the levels of IgG, IgA and IgM to Campylobacter pylori in 16 infected patients with histologically proven gastritis, among which 12 received appropriate therapy. Histopathological examination of antral biopsies, bacteriological cultures and urease tests were performed on each occasion when serum was tested for antibodies to C. pylori. The detection and quantitative assessment of the various isotypes to this bacterium proved valuable to appreciate the response to therapy with, in case of success, a steady decrease of antibodies levels concomitant with clinical improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prevalence of non-thyroid autoantibodies in autoimmune dysthyroidies].

Organ- and non organ-specific autoantibodies can be detected in patients with AITD but large comparative studies have seldom been performed. This study evaluated the prevalence of anti-thyroid, -smooth muscle, -mitochondria, -parietal gastric cells, -salivary duct, -nuclear and -ds DNA autoantibodies assayed by indirect immunofluorescence in 224 patients with Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Results evidenced a high prevalence of antinuclear antibodies, mostly of non homogenous fluorescence in Graves' (63.1%) and Hashimoto's patients (65.5%), as well as for antisalivary duct antibodies (55.2 and 75%). No positive anti-ds DNA were noticed. No correlation was found between antithyroid antibodies and the others. Different hypothesis could explain this observation which favours a general dysregulation of the autoimmune system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cowden disease in a young girl: gynecologic and immunologic overview in a case and in the literature.

There is an increased risk of cancer (mainly breast cancer) in patients with Cowden disease. Little is known of the etiopathogenic mechanisms of this condition, but immunologic abnormalities may be evoked. A young patient with Cowden disease was submitted for gynecologic examination and immunologic investigations. Although no neoplastic disorder had appeared, laboratory investigations disclosed abnormalities of the humoral and cellular immune compartments in the peripheral blood. This rare observation of gynecologic involvement in a very young girl with family antecedents of Cowden disease prompted a review of the gynecologic features and etiopathogenic bases of Cowden disease. The possible role of neoplasia such as breast cancer in this syndrome makes early diagnosis a criterion for good prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Immunologic analysis of a thousand cases of acute leukemia. French Groupe d'Etude Immunologique des Leucémies (GEIL).

The French Groupe d'Etude Immunologique des Leucémies (GEIL), now in its fifth year of existence, has collected extensive immunological information on more than 1,000 leukemia patients. The rationale of such multicentric group is to improve immuno-phenotyping and investigate rare phenotypes, with relevance to the clinical outcome of the patients. These aims are described and exemplified through 3 of the first studies performed.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistological characteristics of nasal polyps. A comparison with healthy mucosa and chronic sinusitis.

Immunohistological investigations were performed on a series of samples from 37 patients with nasal polyps, 22 with chronic sinusitis, and 15 controls with healthy nasal and sinusal mucosa. Mean numbers of plasma- and mast cells were not different in the various groups. Immunoglobulin isotypes were always predominantly IgA and IgM; IgE were scarce. Deposited immune complexes were always absent. A statistically significant difference, however, was observed in the number of eosinophils within the mucosa. Patients with nasal polyps had up to ten times more eosinophils per surface unit than patients with sinusitis or healthy mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Current pathogenetic data on mesangial glomerulonephritis with immunoglobulin A deposits].

The pathogenesis of mesangial immunoglobulin A nephropathies was elucidated through the analysis of their clinical features and investigation of their biological characteristics. An alteration of the mucosal immune system is currently considered chiefly responsible for these diseases. A dysregulation of other compartments of the immune system is likely to enhance this abnormality and/or contribute to the persistence of immune complexes. Little is known, however, about the etiology of these renal diseases, and their treatment remains palliative or preventive.

Glomerular Mesangium↗
PubMed1988

Crotoxin, a phospholipase A2 neurotoxin from the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus: purification of several isoforms and comparison of their molecular structure and of their biological activities.

Crotoxin, the major toxin of the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus is a mixture of several isoforms that differ slightly in their molecular structure. The toxin consists of two nonidentical subunits: a basic and weakly toxic phospholipase A2, component B, and an acidic and nontoxic subunit, component A. In the present investigation, we have used fast-performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) on anionic and cationic exchange columns to purify isoforms of both crotoxin subunits. Two component A isoforms and four component B isoforms were obtained in a homogeneous state, and their purity was verified by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. The amino acid composition of the purified component A and component B isoforms was in good agreement with the protein sequences determined previously with mixtures of isoforms. The amino acid compositions indicated that for both crotoxin components the isoforms differed only by the replacement of few amino acid residues. Eight crotoxin complexes have been prepared in a homogeneous state by reassociation of pure component A and component B isoforms. The quantitative comparison of enzymatic and pharmacological properties of the reconstituted crotoxins indicated that the two component A isoforms had identical properties, whereas the four component B isoforms fell in two classes: crotoxin complexes formed with component B isoforms of the first class were enzymatically less active and pharmacologically more potent than those obtained with component B isoforms of the second class.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1988

Immunoglobulin-producing cells in human prostate.

Immunohistological techniques were used to investigate the presence of immunoglobulin-producing cells in human prostate. Surgical samples from 14 patients with prostate hyperplasia were analyzed. Lymphoid infiltration was rarely seen and was in no way comparable with the classical structure of mucosae-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Plasma cells were observed in nine cases. They produced predominantly IgA and lambda chains, but noticeable numbers of IgM-secreting cells were also seen. These cells were most numerous in patients with antecedents of infection or prostatitis. These data suggest that the local immune system of the prostate is in relation with the MALT, and can be colonized by MALT-derived cells in response to bacterial stimuli.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Immunohistology in assessment of the spread of cancer].

The prognosis of cancers is conditioned by tumoral extension. We report a case of a squamous carcinoma of the vulva where pathological examination had been at fault. An immunohistological study performed with monoclonal antibodies revealed a lymph node micro-metastasis. This case emphasizes the importance of estimating the tumoral extension by simultaneous pathological and immunological examinations.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

IgA nephropathy.

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Animals↗