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Biomedical subjects

G G Hartnell

Publications and source records attributed to G G Hartnell.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Digital subtraction dynamic cavernosography.

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was used in the investigation, by dynamic cavernosography, of 35 men with acquired erectile impotence. The benefits of using DSA included shorter examination times, lower contrast medium dosage and better definition of abnormal veins. In particular deep crural veins are more clearly seen than in conventional studies and these may be of more importance than was previously thought.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Radiological investigation of impotence.

Recent advances in the understanding of the causes of impotence have led to the recognition of various treatable physical causes. Some of these causes are related to vascular abnormalities which have necessitated the development of new imaging techniques. These now allow more precise diagnosis and the development of more appropriate surgical and radiological treatment.

Angiography↗
PubMed1988

Management of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

Patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are at risk from a number of serious complications. The development of transcatheter embolization techniques now allows these patients to be effectively treated without the need for major open chest surgery.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1987

Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia.

Conventional ultrasound is unreliable in detecting narrowing of the visceral arteries. Two cases are reported in which duplex Doppler ultrasound correctly identified severe narrowing of the celiac artery. Doppler ultrasound promises to be more accurate than conventional ultrasound in the diagnosis of visceral ischemia and may help to identify those patients who may require angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Non-invasive measurement of renal blood flow with 99mTc DTPA: comparison with radiolabelled microspheres.

This technique for non-invasive measurement of renal blood flow is based on the principle of fractionation of cardiac output, and applicable with any recirculating gamma activity tracer. It effectively determines the count rate that would be recorded over the kidney if the tracer behaved like radiolabelled microspheres and was completely trapped in the kidney on first pass. After correction for kidney depth, the estimated first pass activity plateau, expressed as a fraction of the injected dose, is equal to the kidney's fraction of cardiac output. The principle of the technique was validated by comparison with renal blood flow based on radiolabelled microspheres. Nine separate comparisons were made in two anaesthetised dogs. A known dose of 99mTc radiolabelled microspheres (particle size 23-45 microns) was injected into the left ventricle and the count rate over each kidney recorded. A known dose of 99mTc diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid (DTPA) was then given as an intravenous bolus and the data recorded dynamically with a gamma camera online to a computer. After subtraction of the stable signal arising from the preceding radiolabelled microspheres, the theoretical first pass activity plateau from the DTPA that would have been recorded if the DTPA, after reaching the systemic circulation, had behaved like radiolabelled microspheres and become completely trapped in the renal vascular bed, was estimated. Using doses based on syringe counts before and after injection the ratio of renal blood flow values given by the two techniques (DTPA:RLMS) was 1.14 (SD 0.22) for the left kidney and 1.1(0.17) for the right. Using doses based on whole body counts, corresponding ratios were 1.05(0.11) and 1.02(0.13).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Measurement of bladder volume by real-time ultrasound.

The accuracy of a non-invasive method of measuring the volume of urine in the bladder using ultrasound was assessed 32 times in 18 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. A method originally used with B-mode scanners was applied to images obtained with a real-time scanner. Although the mean error of 8% of true volume (range -29% to +52%, standard deviation 23%) compared favourably with that of some series, the results were less accurate than those originally reported for this method using a B-mode scanner. Real-time ultrasound can provide an approximate measurement of bladder urine volume but is not sufficiently accurate in situations where more precise measurements of changes in residual urine are required.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Real-time ultrasound measurement of bladder volume: a comparative study of three methods.

The accuracy of different ultrasound methods for determining the volume of urine in the bladder was compared using three methods in current use. Each method was applied to the same ultrasound images from 16 patients with prostatic hypertrophy. The calculated volumes were compared with the true volumes derived by measurement of voided and catheter-drained urine. All methods showed similar degrees of accuracy in quantifying bladder volumes. The range of errors of the best method tested was +/- 35% of true volume and this suggests that ultrasound measurement of bladder volume is not sufficiently accurate for many clinical and research applications.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Doppler ultrasound and digital vascular imaging.

There have been many major advances in imaging techniques over the last decade. Of these, intravenous digital vascular imaging (IV DVI) and duplex Doppler ultrasound allow the outpatient investigation of many types of vascular disease which previously could only be studied by more hazardous angiographic methods requiring admission to hospital. This article compares the uses of these techniques in the outpatient investigation of vascular diseases.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of unusual abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) have become primary methods of evaluating patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arteriography may be necessary for further assessment. We have recently investigated two patients with complicated abdominal aortic aneurysms, one patient with Marfan's syndrome and the other with Behcet's disease. The initial diagnosis in both cases was made by ultrasound, but CT was inconclusive and aortography was contraindicated in both patients. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was performed to see if further information could be obtained. This technique was useful in both cases, with elegant demonstration of the anatomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Coronary artery ectasia. Its prevalence and clinical significance in 4993 patients.

To assess the clinical significance of coronary artery ectasia 4993 consecutive coronary arteriograms were reviewed to identify patients with this condition and to allow the assessment of their progress. Coronary ectasia was a relatively uncommon finding (overall incidence 1.4%). It was not related to the development of aortic aneurysms and did not affect the outcome, results of coronary artery surgery, or symptoms.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1984

Metabolic acidosis induced by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and salicylates in patients with normal renal function.

Two young patients with unimpaired renal and hepatic function were found to have developed metabolic acidosis after treatment for glaucoma and joint pain with a combination of salicylates and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in normal doses. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors appear to interact with salicylates to produce serious metabolic acidosis in patients without the predisposing factors generally considered to constitute risks. It is recommended that treatment combining salicylates and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is either kept to a minimum or avoided.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral vein as a late complication of right heart catheterization.

Complications following venous punctures are unusual. We describe a case of a false common femoral vein aneurysm following right heart catheterization in a patient with systemic venous hypertension due to tricuspid regurgitation. The initial interpretation of the Doppler ultrasound study lead to a digital subtraction femoral arteriogram which was normal. Magnetic resonance venography demonstrated a femoral venous pseudoaneurysm.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carotid artery stenosis--reassessment of the Doppler criteria.

Few previous studies of the accuracy of duplex Doppler in the assessment of carotid artery stenosis have looked at the accuracy in excluding disease in populations with a significant number of normal arteries. In addition, few studies have compared different criteria for stenosis. Duplex Doppler was used to evaluate the carotid arteries in 80 patients. Two well-described methods for analysing Doppler traces were used and the results were compared with those obtained from non-selective digital subtraction angiography. On the basis of these findings, the Doppler criteria used for carotid stenosis were redefined in terms of changes in peak velocity rather than Doppler frequency shift. Using these criteria, the sensitivity of Doppler in identifying carotid stenosis was 97% (98% sensitivity for greater than 50% stenosis) and specificity was increased from 84% to 93%.

Adult↗