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Biomedical subjects

G G Hartnell

Publications and source records attributed to G G Hartnell.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Doppler ultrasound and digital vascular imaging.

There have been many major advances in imaging techniques over the last decade. Of these, intravenous digital vascular imaging (IV DVI) and duplex Doppler ultrasound allow the outpatient investigation of many types of vascular disease which previously could only be studied by more hazardous angiographic methods requiring admission to hospital. This article compares the uses of these techniques in the outpatient investigation of vascular diseases.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of unusual abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) have become primary methods of evaluating patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arteriography may be necessary for further assessment. We have recently investigated two patients with complicated abdominal aortic aneurysms, one patient with Marfan's syndrome and the other with Behcet's disease. The initial diagnosis in both cases was made by ultrasound, but CT was inconclusive and aortography was contraindicated in both patients. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was performed to see if further information could be obtained. This technique was useful in both cases, with elegant demonstration of the anatomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Coronary artery ectasia. Its prevalence and clinical significance in 4993 patients.

To assess the clinical significance of coronary artery ectasia 4993 consecutive coronary arteriograms were reviewed to identify patients with this condition and to allow the assessment of their progress. Coronary ectasia was a relatively uncommon finding (overall incidence 1.4%). It was not related to the development of aortic aneurysms and did not affect the outcome, results of coronary artery surgery, or symptoms.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1984

Metabolic acidosis induced by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and salicylates in patients with normal renal function.

Two young patients with unimpaired renal and hepatic function were found to have developed metabolic acidosis after treatment for glaucoma and joint pain with a combination of salicylates and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in normal doses. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors appear to interact with salicylates to produce serious metabolic acidosis in patients without the predisposing factors generally considered to constitute risks. It is recommended that treatment combining salicylates and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is either kept to a minimum or avoided.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudoaneurysm of the common femoral vein as a late complication of right heart catheterization.

Complications following venous punctures are unusual. We describe a case of a false common femoral vein aneurysm following right heart catheterization in a patient with systemic venous hypertension due to tricuspid regurgitation. The initial interpretation of the Doppler ultrasound study lead to a digital subtraction femoral arteriogram which was normal. Magnetic resonance venography demonstrated a femoral venous pseudoaneurysm.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Demonstration of inferior vena cava patency by retrograde azygous venography.

Gaining access for vena cavography may be difficult in patients with multiple venous occlusions. We report the use of selective azygous venography to demonstrate potency of the proximal inferior vena cava (IVC) when no alternative route was available and noninvasive techniques were not applicable. The proximal superior vena cava and the distal IVC were occluded.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carotid artery stenosis--reassessment of the Doppler criteria.

Few previous studies of the accuracy of duplex Doppler in the assessment of carotid artery stenosis have looked at the accuracy in excluding disease in populations with a significant number of normal arteries. In addition, few studies have compared different criteria for stenosis. Duplex Doppler was used to evaluate the carotid arteries in 80 patients. Two well-described methods for analysing Doppler traces were used and the results were compared with those obtained from non-selective digital subtraction angiography. On the basis of these findings, the Doppler criteria used for carotid stenosis were redefined in terms of changes in peak velocity rather than Doppler frequency shift. Using these criteria, the sensitivity of Doppler in identifying carotid stenosis was 97% (98% sensitivity for greater than 50% stenosis) and specificity was increased from 84% to 93%.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

3D image reconstruction of right subclavian artery aneurysms.

OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction methods allied to spiral CT (SCT) or MR angiography (MRA) are used in clarifying the anatomy of complex aortic anatomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two patients with superior mediastinal masses suggestive of aneurysms of the anomalous right subclavian artery were examined. Both patients were examined using breath-hold SCT and one by breath-hold MRA. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed using a surface rendering technique for the SCT examinations and by a maximum intensity projection technique for MRA. RESULTS: Two cases of aneurysmal anomalous right subclavian artery were diagnosed by SCT with 3D image reconstruction. One case was also examined by MRA with 3D image reconstruction which confirmed the findings of SCT. The use of the 3D techniques clarified the complicated anatomy and avoided the need for angiography. CONCLUSION: Two cases are illustrated of 3D imaging of complicated aortic branch anatomy due to aneurysms of anomalous right subclavian artery. Image quality was good and no further imaging by more invasive techniques was required.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of right atrial pseudomass: is it really a diagnostic problem?

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the high proportion of patients reported to have prominence of normal right atrial structures by MRI may lead to inappropriate diagnosis of intracardiac tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-nine subjects were examined by spin-echo MRI: patients with cardiac (no. 40), pericardial (no. 30), or thoracic aortic disease (no. 40) and mediastinal tumor (no. 15), and normal volunteers (no. 24). Imaging was reviewed to determine the frequency of a prominent crista terminalis/Chiari network and the likelihood of misdiagnosis of cardiac tumor. RESULTS: Prominent intraatrial structures were seen in 59% of subjects, a single prominent nodule in 36%, an intraatrial strand in 13%, and both in 10%. In no case were these findings originally or on review thought to represent a pathological mass or was it felt likely that they could reasonably be misinterpreted as such. CONCLUSION: Normal structures within the right atrium, such as the crista terminalis and Chiari network, may be seen more commonly with MRI than with other imaging modalities. An appreciation of the frequency with which these findings are seen should prevent inappropriate misdiagnosis of pathological masses when none is present.

Diagnostic Errors↗