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Biomedical subjects

G Genova

Publications and source records attributed to G Genova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Gallbladder carcinoma late metastases and incisional hernia at umbilical port site after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

A potentially serious complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the inadvertent dissemination of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma. There are increasing reports of seeding of tumor at the trocar sites following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with unexpected or inapparent gallbladder carcinoma. Although the mechanism of the abdominal wall recurrence is still unclear, laparoscopic handling of the tumor, perforation of the gallbladder, and extraction of the specimen without an endobag may be risk factors for the spreading of malignant cells. The Authors report the case of late development of umbilical metastasis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy; the presence of an incisional hernia and the finding of a stone in subcutaneous tissue demonstrate the diffusion of tumor cells into subcutaneous tissue during the extraction of gallbladder. The patient underwent an excision of the metastases. She is disease free two years after surgical treatment.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

Molecular analysis of the Drosophila miniature-dusky ( m-dy) gene complex: m-dy mRNAs encode transmembrane proteins with similarity to C. elegans cuticulin.

Mutations in the Drosophila miniature-dusky ( m-dy) gene complex were first reported by Morgan and Bridges about 90 years ago. m-dy mutants have abnormally small wings, a phenotype attributed to a cell-autonomous reduction in the size of the epidermal cells comprising the differentiated wing. Using a molecular genetic approach, we have characterized the m-dy chromosomal interval and identified a pair of adjacent transcription units corresponding to m and dy. A dy mutant known as dy (And) has a single base substitution within the protein-coding region that is predicted to result in an amber stop codon and premature translational termination. We show that dy mRNA is expressed at two discrete periods during the life cycle--one during embryonic development and early larval instars, the second during adult development, coincident with wing differentiation. In agreement with the phenotypic similarity of m and dy mutants, sequence comparisons reveal a similarity between the predicted MINIATURE and DUSKY proteins, and indicate that the m and dy genes are members of a larger Drosophila gene family. Both m and dy, as well as other members of this superfamily, are predicted to encode transmembrane proteins with similarity to C. elegans cuticle proteins known as cuticulins. We postulate that m, dy and other members of this protein superfamily function as structural components of the Drosophila cuticulin layer. Such a role for m and dy products in wing differentiation is sufficient to explain the morphological phenotypes associated with m-dy mutants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Transcription of Dfos is stimulated by brain tumours of l(2)gl-deficient larvae of Drosophila melanogaster.

Mutations in the tumour suppressor gene l(2)gl cause formation of brain and imaginal disc tumours. The product of this gene was suggested to be a part of an intercellular communication system, regulating cell growth and differentiation. Oncogenic activation of many signalling pathways, involved in similar processes, result in increased activity of the AP-1 family of transcription factors. In this paper we explored the interaction between the cancer mutation l(2)gl and the level of transcription of the AP-1 proteins. We report that in brain tumours from l(2)gl-deficient larvae, transcription of the Drosophila melanogaster c-fos homologue was stimulated but that of the c-jun homologue was unchanged. Our results provide further evidence that the protein l(2)gl is a component of a signalling pathway, a nuclear target of which is the AP-1 family of transcription factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

A molecular rhythm mediating circadian clock output in Drosophila.

Analysis of the Drosophila lark gene indicates that it encodes an RNA-binding protein that functions as a regulatory element of the circadian clock output pathway controlling adult eclosion. We now demonstrate that the lark RNA-binding protein oscillates in abundance during the circadian cycle; importantly, the phasing of the lark rhythm is consistent with gene-dosage studies, which indicate that the protein behaves as a repressor molecule. The lark protein rhythm persists in constant conditions (continuous darkness and constant temperature) and is eliminated by period gene null mutations, confirming that it is under clock control and suggesting that it acts as an output mechanism that mediates the temporal regulation of adult eclosion. We also show that lark protein oscillates in abundance within a defined group of neuropeptide (CCAP) -containing neurons of the ventral nervous system (VNS), which in other insects are thought to comprise cellular elements of the clock output pathway regulating eclosion.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Severe acute metabolic alkalosis.

We have presented the case of a 34 year old male patient who was admitted with severe metabolic alkalosis (MA). Peak serum HCO3 was 96 mg/dl and compensatory PCO2 was 95 which, to our knowledge, has never been reported before in a patient with MA. MA was probably generated by consumption of high amount of NaHCO3 and renal impairment and maintained by impaired renal function due to volume depletion hypokalemia and hyochloremia. The patient was successfully treated with IV administration of saline and KCL.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Use of BICAP in a case of colon angiodysplasia.

This paper reports on a case of colonic bleeding from an angiodysplastic lesion of the ascending colon in a 71-year-old diabetic woman, resulting in severe anemia in the patient, who was treated using the BICAP electrocoagulation system. The present report includes a description of this technique, which involves the use of a 7-F hemostatic probe connected to a 25-W BICAP source.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Histopathological study and classification.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XC) is a chronic inflammatory lesion of the gallbladder histologically characterized by the presence of varying amounts of foamy histiocytes in the inflammatory infiltrate. In this study a review of 63 cases selected from 1207 surgically removed gallbladder is presented; the percentage found (5.2%) is slightly higher than that of previous reports showing that XC is less uncommon than generally believed. A detailed microscopic study is performed: the authors observed according to the histological features particularly the different patterns of distribution of the inflammatory infiltrate and postulate the existence of three subtypes of XC: multinodular, focal and diffuse XC. Finally, the main etiopathogenetic hypotheses are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Gastric schwannoma after Nissen fundoplication. A rare complication?

Surgical repair of an hiatal hernia results in changes in the local anatomy of the cardia and fundus that may be difficult to interpret by radiological examination. Endoscopy can clarify the radiological changes resulting from surgery, such as pseudodiverticula and pseudotumors, and, when conducted as part of the routine follow-up program, may reveal uncommon complications.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis of a case of lipoid pneumonia by bronchoalveolar lavage.

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) was diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in a 57-year-old woman with a long history of using oily nose drops. Since clinical and roentgenological presentations are nonspecific, BAL, along with specific staining of recovered alveolar macrophages, represents a safe alternative to more invasive diagnostic procedures whenever a diagnosis of ELP is suspected.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1984

[Serum monoamine oxidase (MAO) as a prognostic indicator in chronic active hepatitis. II].

Aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of sMAO activity, assayed by benzylamine colorimetric method. Has been studied the correlation between clinical signs of portal hypertension (splenomegaly, ascites and varices) and sMAO levels; there was a significant increase of enzyme activity in chronic active hepatitis (CAH) with splenomegaly vs. CAH without, and in liver cirrhosis (LC) with splenomegaly and/or varices vs. LC without; there was also a correlation between sMAO and gamma-globulins levels in CAH and not in LC patients. In conclusion has been discussed the prognostic value of sMAO activity in CAH.

Colorimetry↗
PubMed1984

[Serum monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the differential diagnosis of chronic liver disease. I].

Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum MAO activity (sMAO) in chronic liver disease. sMAO has been assayed by benzylamine colorimetric method. No statistically significant differences of sMAO values have been found between controls and acute viral hepatitis or various diseases patients. Differences instead between controls and patients sMAO values (chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis) were statistically significant (p less than 0.005).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Percutaneous blind biopsy versus laparoscopy with guided biopsy in diagnosis of cirrhosis. A prospective, randomized trial.

A prospective controlled study of the diagnostic accuracy of blind percutaneous liver biopsy in comparison to laparoscopy plus guided biopsy for the recognition or exclusion of cirrhosis has been performed. One hundred twenty-six patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic, diffuse, well-compensated liver disease were randomized into two groups and submitted either to percutaneous blind liver biopsy (PB: 64 patients) or to laparoscopy with guided biopsy (LB: 62 patients), in order to assess the accuracy of either procedure in diagnosing cirrhosis. PB correctly recognized or ruled out cirrhosis in 52 patients (82%). Inconclusive results were mostly false negative, as demonstrated by the presence on endoscopy of esophageal varices or by subsequent LB. LB demonstrated presence or absence of cirrhosis in all patients. The difference between the rate of accurate results of the two procedures is statistically significant. It is concluded that in patients without esophageal varices, LB should be the investigation of choice for the assessment of liver structure since the presence of cirrhosis can be missed in up to 20% of cases by PB.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary.

Endodermal sinus tumor (EST) of the ovary is a germ cell tumor that is now recognized more frequently than in the past. Since problems concerning natural history, prognosis and therapy of these neoplasms are not entirely resolved, it should be underlined the need to report new cases. The authors describe four cases of EST with reference to serial alphafetoprotein determination by radioimmunoassay; they also emphasize the importance of this technique as a very sensitive method in monitoring therapy and in detecting recurrences of disease even before any clinical evidence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and alpha-1-fetoprotein in hepatic neoplasms].

A study was made of possible relations between the placental alkaline phosphatase-isoenzyme (PAP), alpha 1-fetoprotein and liver neoplasia. Ninety-six with various liver diseases were examined, including 10 with primary and 16 with metastatic carcinoma. It was found that both PAP and AFP may be present in a certain percentage of subjects in this pathology. PAP (observed in 30% of cases of primary carcinoma and 43.6% of metastatic forms, as opposed to only 5.6% in cirrhotics) proved much more specific than AFP, which was present in both types of cancer (albeit at much lower concentrations) and also in acute, active chronic and persistent hepatitis, and in cirrhosis of the liver. The theories presented in the relevant literature are discussed in an attempt to explain the "reawakening" of both PAP and AFP, especially in liver neoplasias.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗