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Biomedical subjects

G H Barker

Publications and source records attributed to G H Barker.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Transcervical sampling as a means of detection of fetal cells during the first trimester of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the detection of fetal cells from transcervical samples by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-seven women undergoing first-trimester termination of pregnancy were recruited for transcervical sampling and 16 were recruited for endocervical mucus aspiration. Subjects were asked to assess the discomfort of the procedure. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses were performed with X and Y chromosome-specific probes. Results were compared with those of conventional chromosomal analysis. RESULTS: Male signals (XY) were observed in 19 of 25 male fetuses (76%), and female signals (XX) were observed in 21 of 22 female fetuses. There was a significant variation between operators in cell retrieval. With mucus aspiration only 37.5% of male fetuses were correctly identified. The subjects did not find the procedure uncomfortable and reported that it was comparable to having a cervical smear taken. CONCLUSIONS: Transcervical irrigation correctly identified the sex of 76% of male fetuses, but it still has considerable operator variability. This variability might be reduced by improved catheter design.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1982

Second-look operations in the planned management of advanced ovarian carcinoma.

Second-look operations were done in 65 patients as part of a planned management program of advanced ovarian cancer. All patients received chemotherapy with cisplatin, and only those who had a good clinical regression after an incomplete initial surgical procedure were subjected to a second operation. At second-look operations, 16 patients (25%) had no macroscopic tumor (surgical complete remission), and these patients have a 72% probability of surviving 5 years. In 49 patients (75%), considerable regression had occurred but macroscopic disease was still present. Incomplete or complete removal of residual disease was possible in 38 cases (58%), but survival curves suggest that removal of all macroscopic residual disease at second-look operations did not improve survival expectancy. In the other 11 cases (17%), although there was slight improvement in the extent of disease, further surgical resection was not possible and the survival expectancy in these cases was very poor.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Chemotherapy of endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac tumour) of the ovary: preliminary communication.

Eight patients presenting with endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary have been treated with combination chemotherapy using cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine (PVB). Complete remission occurred in 7 out of 8 cases, all of whom are alive and well 3 to 33 months later. These preliminary results are compared with our own past experience and recent reports in the literature. It is concluded that the PVB regimen is probably as effective in female germ cell tumours as it is in testicular teratoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Randomised trial comparing low-dose cisplatin and chlorambucil with low-dose cisplatin, chlorambucil, and doxorubicin in advanced ovarian carcinoma.

Ninety-eight patients with advanced ovarian cancer took part in a prospective, randomised trial comparing low-dose cisplatin and chlorambucil with low-dose cisplatin, chlorambucil, and doxorubicin. After 4 years response rates (greater than 50%) and proportion of complete remissions (28%) were similar in both groups. Median duration of remission was longest in the complete remitters, being 31 months in those having cisplatin and chlorambucil, and 24 months in those having doxorubicin as well.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Use of high dose cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) (NSC--119875) following failure on previous chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the ovary.

Cis-dichlorodiammine platinum II (cisplatin) in high dose was given to 30 patients with advanced carcinoma of the ovary, 31 had been previously treated with alkylating agents or various chemotherapy regimens excluding cisplatin and 9 patients had tumours resistant to low dose cisplatin regimens. The high dose regimen consisted of cisplatin given at 100 mg/m2 with 24 hours pre- and post-treatment hydration, at monthly intervals up to a maximum of 5 doses. Seventeen of the 31 patients (55%) showed a therapeutic response including 25% who had complete regression of tumour. The median duration of complete remissions was 10 months. Unfortunately, patients who had already been exposed to cisplatin at low doses (20 mg/m2) responded less well, only 2 out of 9 (22%). Even at this late stage of disease, seven patients showed a good enough response to undergo further surgery and of these three were macroscopically clear of tumour and in two patients multiple biopsy material failed to show residual tumour microscopically.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube. Report of 22 cases.

Twenty-two patients with primary carcinoma of the Fallopian tube treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital are reported. The age distribution, parity and variety of presentation of the disease were in accordance with previous reports in the literature. Overall survival at 5 years was 48% and the place of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in its management remains to be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Carcinoma of the ovary--correlation of ultrasound with second look laparotomy.

In a series of twenty-six patients with Stage III or IV carcinoma of the ovary, results of ultrasound examination of the pelvis and abdomen were correlated with second look laparotomy. All of these patients had responded clinically to a course of chemotherapy. Elective surgery was used to restage and debulk tumour. Ultrasound examination was done before surgery. Ultrasound was sensitive in detecting ovarian tumour in the pelvis and had an 84 per cent correlation with laparotomy. It was also sensitive in detecting liver and right diaphragmatic metastases with a 92 per cent correlation with the laparotomy findings. However, it consistently failed to detect intraperitoneal spread except when disease was gross or when it could be predicted by the presence of ascites. The correlation with laparotomy in this situation was only 36 per cent. This is to be expected as the size of most peritoneal deposits is below the resolution of ultrasound. These lesions, however, are easily detected by laparoscopy. These findings suggest that ultrasound has an important role in the management of advanced carcinoma of the ovary.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Pulsed oxytocin infusion in the induction of labour.

A randomized controlled trial was mounted in which induction of labour at term was successfully accomplished in 12 patients by amniotomy and intermittent (or pulsed) oxytocin, compared with 16 patients receiving continuous oxytocin. In the pulsed group, oxytocin was infused for one minute in every ten using a modified Cardiff Infusion System Mark III in the automatic setting. Compared with the control group the induction-delivery and induction-to-full-dilatation intervals were similar but the total dose of oxytocin required was significantly lower in the pulsed group than in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer of the ovary: a summary of experience with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) at the Royal Marsden Hospital.

A review of the use of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-platinum) as a single agent in 82 patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma, previously treated with chemotherapy, shows that response rates of 33% and 52% are achieved with doses of 30 and 100 mg/m2 respectively. In 58 previously untreated patients a combination of chlorambucil and cis-platinum (regimen B) was compared in a randomized study with a combination of chlorambucil, cis-platinum, and Adriamycin (regimen C). Complete responses were seen in 32% and 41% of the patients respectively. Remissions were most prolonged in patients with complete regressions, the median being greater than 15 months for both regimens. Because of the good regressions, second-look operations have been possible in 12 patients for the purpose of confirming regression and performing radical surgical removal. In six of these patients, all specimens failed to show evidence of residual carcinoma. The major toxic effects of cis-platinum in our hands are neurologic effects and anemia; both have been reversible after cessation of treatment.

Anemia↗