G Lerch | PubMed Health

PubMed2000

High temperature and temperature programming in capillary electrochromatography.

In electrochromatography, solvent electrophoretic mobility and solute partitioning are temperature dependent processes. If temperature variations are controlled, solute selectivity and analysis times can be tailored. In this study the feasibility of temperature programming in capillary electrochromatography (CEC) was demonstrated using a reversed-phase CEC mode. The outcome of programmed separations was compared with isothermal, isocratic and isorheic (constant flow) separations. The combined effects of column temperature and mobile phase flow-rate changes during the separation run, resulted in up to a 50% reduction in the separation run time, without adversely affecting the quality of separation. For capillary electrochromatography, temperature programming may be a valuable alternative to solvent programming modes because of the great technical difficulties associated with carrying out solvent gradient elution.

Electrophoresis, Capillary↗

PubMed1996

Large-dose administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 total hip arthroplasty: plasma homeostasis, hemostasis, and renal function compared to use of 5% human albumin.

Within a daily dose of 20 mL/kg, medium-molecular hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a safe and effective colloid for intravascular blood volume replacement. The effect of large doses on coagulation and renal function is unknown. We prospectively studied 41 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty during the perioperative period. Inevitable blood loss was replaced with HES (HES group) or albumin (ALB group) in combination with packed red blood cells (PRBC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and platelets. Hemodynamic, oncotic, coagulation, and renal functions were compared initially, at the end of surgery, during the postoperative period (1, 3, and 6 h), and also with respect to the volume of colloid solution administered (1500, 2000, and 3000 mL). Total intake and output balances, as well as the costs of blood replacement therapy, were registered at the end of the study. We found differences in oncotic variables even at 6 h after surgery (total serum proteins [TSP]:HES 36.4 +/- 7.9 g/L versus ALB 55.6 +/- 6.1 g/L, P < 0.01; serum albumin:HES 25.5 +/- 5.3 g/L versus ALB 42.0 +/- 5.6 g/L, P < 0.01). Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) and hemodynamic, coagulation, and renal functions were comparable, as was total blood loss (HES 4247 +/- 2090 mL versus ALB 4051 +/- 2830 mL). Total requirements for colloid solutions (HES 35.9 +/- 7.4 mL/kg versus ALB 33.9 +/- 10.5 mL/kg), PRBC, FFP, or platelets were comparable, whereas total cost of blood replacement therapy was 33% less in the HES group. With respect to efficacy and side effects on coagulation and renal function, medium molecular HES is an appropriate and economic alternative to albumin at daily doses of up to at least 36 mL/kg.

Aged↗

PubMed1978

Results of computer tomography on chronic alcoholics.

Sixty adult patients with chronic alcoholism were examined by CT. Psychiatric and neurologic syndromes were given equal consideration. Pronounced brain atrophy was found in 75% of the cases. Cortical, as opposed to subcortical, atrophy was apparent in 64%; it was found especially in the frontotemporal region and cerebellum. Cases of Wernicke's encephalopathy as well as epileptic manifestations revealed global signs of atrophy, not restricted to the brain stem. Further correlations to problems of mental deficiency in alcoholism are discussed together with earlier results.

Adult↗