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Biomedical subjects

G Malka

Publications and source records attributed to G Malka.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Establishing a new severity score for EEC: ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip and palate].

BACKGROUND: EEC (ectodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip and palate) is a rare disease transmitted by autosomal dominant inheritance with variable penetrance and weak expressivity. Clinical expression is thus very variable. Besides the three signs defining the syndrome, other manifestations include anomalous lacrimal ducts, urogenital malformations, transmission deafness, facial dysmorphism, and mental retardation. In 1995, Roelfsema and Cobben established a severity score on the basis of data in the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the cases of 5 patients followed from 1980 to 2000 in two University Hospitals in France. Malformations were detailed and the Roelfsema and Cobben score was calculated. The real degree of disability was estimated from social activity level. We searched for a correlation between the Roelfsema and Cobben score and the real degree of disability. RESULTS: Our findings showed a poor correlation between disability and the Roelfsema and Cobben score. We proposed a new score which takes into account social disability. DISCUSSION: Our study revealed that the Roelfsema and Cobben score overly emphasizes anatomic malformations without taking into account natural adaptation to the social environment. Inversely, the Roelfsema and Cobben score gives little importance to invisible anomalies despite their invalidating effect.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2003

[Seip Berardinelli: the effect of the partial tongue resection].

The Seip Berardinelli or undiagnosed endocrine metabolic syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive pathology mainly described in families of Portuguese origins. This syndrome presents various metabolic disturbances responsible of various dysmorphies. We report the case of two brothers seen during their childhood for respiratory, speaking and feeding problems related to a class 3 of Angle and macroglossia. The object was to study the interaction between the size of the tongue, the prognathism and the disturbances presented in order to organize early surgery (partial glossectomy).

Child↗
PubMed2002

Relativistic electron generation in interactions of a 30 TW laser pulse with a thin foil target.

Energy and angular distributions of the fast outgoing electron beam induced by the interaction of a 1 J, 30 fs, 2 x 10(19) W/cm(2), 10 Hz laser with a thin foil target are characterized by electron energy spectroscopy and photonuclear reactions. We have investigated the effect of the target thickness and the intensity contrast ratio level on the electron production. Using a 6-microm polyethylene target, up to 4 x 10(8) electrons with energies between 5 and 60 MeV were produced per laser pulse and converted to gamma rays by bremsstrahlung in a Ta secondary target. The rates of photofission of U as well as photonuclear reactions in Cu, Au, and C samples have been measured. In optimal focusing conditions, about 0.06% of the laser energy has been converted to outgoing electrons with energies above 5 MeV. Such electrons leave the target in the laser direction with an opening angle of 2.5 degrees.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse.

Plasmas are an attractive medium for the next generation of particle accelerators because they can support electric fields greater than several hundred gigavolts per meter. These accelerating fields are generated by relativistic plasma waves-space-charge oscillations-that can be excited when a high-intensity laser propagates through a plasma. Large currents of background electrons can then be trapped and subsequently accelerated by these relativistic waves. In the forced laser wake field regime, where the laser pulse length is of the order of the plasma wavelength, we show that a gain in maximum electron energy of up to 200 megaelectronvolts can be achieved, along with an improvement in the quality of the ultrashort electron beam.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

[Reconstructive surgery of the lower lip skin].

The reconstructive procedures of the lower lip skin are revised. We present the various possibilities of surgical reconstruction in a classic way, according to the size of the defect.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2001

[Acute carpal tunnel syndrome. A report of an etiological form not previously described].

Acute form of carpal tunnel syndrome is the less common presentation. Several etiologies are known as rheumatologic, hemopathic, endocrine or pregnant disorders and traumatic. Authors report a non yet described traumatic etiology, consecutive to hamate and triquetral fractures. Patient presented five hours after initial traumatism, a typical presentation of median nerve compression at wrist, with subjective and objective symptoms as pathologic Weber test. A classical median nerve release was performed in emergency. Nerve recuperation was complete two days after surgery, as usual in such pathology. This new etiology must be known; actually, nerve recuperation in acute carpal tunnel syndrome is time dependent.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Use of the lateral tongue flap for closure of cleft palate. Retrospective study of seven cases].

Due to its central position, mobility and good blood supply, the tongue is a most suitable donor site for the closure of cleft palate fistulae. The aim of this retrospective study was to reassess the efficacy of the lateral tongue flap technique, first reported in 1884 and in use up to the 1970s, after which it was replaced by more sophisticated methods for the reconstruction of buccal and labial defects, which however could be deleterious to the patient. The results of the present study demonstrate the reliability and technical simplicity of the lateral tongue technique. The procedure took place in two stages, after which the patient was fed for five postoperative days by nasogastric tube, thereby facilitating the healing process via non-interference with scar tissue. Out of the seven patients who received treatment, six successful closures were noted, and only one partial failure was observed, in all cases without any functional sequelae involving the tongue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Our experiences with the frontal flap. Apropos of 105 cases].

The plastic qualities and vascular reliability of the frontal flap have been widely used for reconstruction of facial tissue. We revised the files of 105 patients who had undergone surgical repair of facial tissue loss with frontal flaps. The epidemiology, etiology of the repaired tissue loss and indications for frontal flap as well as the various techniques were analyzed: 66.7% of the patients were over 60 years of age; 74% had ambulatory surgical repair; 54.4% of the repaired tissue losses were situated in the nasal region; 80% of the losses were due to tumoral formations. The median flap was the most widely used (23.2%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effect of laser irradiation on latency of herpes simplex virus in a mouse model.

Low power Laser irradiation is used in medical practice for different indications. Several firms which commercialise Laser claim that Laser irradiation may be beneficial towards Herpes virus pathogenicity. We observe that, in the ear experimental model of HSV latency [3], repeated exposure to infrared Laser radiation of cervical ganglia following HSV inoculation appears to specifically hinder the establishment of virus latency in mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Decubitus ulcers of the buttocks: our therapeutic approach in the course of the last ten years. Report of 32 cases].

The authors conducted a retrospective study of 80 cases of pressure sores of the pelvic girdle. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic approach, surgical reconstruction techniques and their results at 1 year. Only 32 patients (40%) underwent surgical reconstruction, always using regional pedicled myocutaneous flaps. 15.6% of these patients developed a local recurrence (5/32). Analysis of the results of this series shows that failures of reconstruction cannot be attributed to surgical techniques, but to their indications. The reduction of recurrences depends on earlier medical and surgical management and more rigorous patient selection, especially concerning psychological aspects. The patient's cooperation is an essential condition to the success of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Microsurgical sutures with non-transfixing staples. An experimental study of 15 rat aortas].

This study, conducted in rats, studied a new system of anastomosis, by nontransfixing clips, pinching each edge of the artery with minimal trauma. Histological examinations were performed at one week and one month in order to investigate the vascular wall in the line of anastomosis. Clinical application of this procedure was undertaken in view of the encouraging and satisfactory results obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of nalbuphine and fentanyl as intravenous analgesics for medically compromised patients undergoing oral surgery.

This study compared the efficacy and side effects of equianalgesic doses of nalbuphine and fentanyl as intravenous (IV) analgesics for medically compromised patients undergoing oral surgery with local anesthesia. A total of 24 inpatients scheduled for oral surgery and with an ASA physical status of 3 or 4 were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and received IV analgesia with an injection of either 0.2 mg/kg nalbuphine or 2 micrograms/kg fentanyl. Three minutes later, local anesthesia was administered. Respiratory rate, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) were recorded before and during surgery. After the operation, the patient, surgeon, and anesthesiologist were asked to complete questionnaires regarding drug effects. Analgesia and sedation appeared sufficient and comparable according to the surgeon, anesthesiologists, and patients in the two groups, and there were no significant differences in blood pressure or heart rate. Respiratory rate and SpO2 were lower in patients treated with fentanyl (P < 0.05), and eight patients of this group experienced episodes of oxygen desaturation (SpO2 < 90%) compared with only two patients who received nalbuphine (P < 0.05). Nalbuphine produced less respiratory depression and should be considered a suitable alternative to fentanyl for use in medically compromised patients undergoing oral surgery.

Adult↗