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Biomedical subjects

G Michlmayr

Publications and source records attributed to G Michlmayr.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Interferon-alpha for the treatment of elderly patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia.

The present retrospective analysis is based on data of 213 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). They were treated with interferon (IFN)alpha-2C (Berofor) at daily doses of 3.5 MU subcutaneously (s.c.), alone or in combination with low-dose ara-C or hydroxyurea, according to four consecutive studies of the Austrian CML Study Group. Comparisons were made between 41 patients aged > or = 60 years and 172 younger patients. The elderly patients (median: 64 years; range: 60-73) showed similar pretreatment characteristics compared with the younger group, but included a higher percentage of Sokal Stage three (51 vs 20%). Median observation periods were similar (38 vs 39 months), whereas the duration of IFNalpha treatment was shorter in the elderly group (median 57 vs 42 weeks). The rate of overall haematological responses (73 vs 78%) and complete haematological response (44 vs 54%), was similar in both cohorts. Differences seen in partial (5 vs 12%) and complete cytogenetic response (10 vs 13%), were not statistically significant, but a tendency in favour of the younger cohort had to be noted. Summing up, in elderly patients acceptable rates of haematological and cytogentic response can be expected after treatment with IFNalpha alone or in combination with LD ara-C or HU.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Early detection of minimal residual disease by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction predicts relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

The PML/RAR alpha fusion RNA can be detected in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), cytogenetically characterized by the translocation t(15;17). Our study included ten newly diagnosed patients with APL who were investigated during the course of their diseases using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). At diagnosis, aberrant fragments with a size heterogeneity due to alternative spliced products were detected in all patients, we observed breakpoints within bcr3 (short type) in two patients and bcr1 and 2 breakpoints (long type) in eight patients. Treatment consisted of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in all patients; six patients received simultaneous cytostatic therapy during remission induction. At the time of complete hematological remission (CR), only two patients showed a negative RT-PCR result; eight of the ten patients were still PCR positive when nested primers were used. Subsequently, eight patients received consolidation chemotherapy and became PCR negative. Seven of eight patients are in continuous complete remission (median remission duration: 21 months, range: 11+ -26+ months). One patient of the chemotherapy group became PCR positive after 4 months in complete remission and relapsed after 6 months. The remaining two patients who were treated only with ATRA relapsed, received induction chemotherapy, and are in second and third complete remission, respectively. In conclusion. PCR negativity can be achieved only by chemotherapeutic consolidation; patients treated with ATRA alone remain PCR positive. Relapse is always preceded by a positive PCR result. Surprisingly, also patients without measurable PML/RAR alpha-mRNA in sequential analyses after cytostatic treatment became PCR positive and experienced relapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Amsacrine, cytarabine and thioguanine (AAT) versus daunorubicin, cytarabine, thioguanine (DAT) in adults with untreated acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). Austrian-German results.

69 patients (median age 53 years, 19-79 years old) with untreated acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) were randomized to receive either a regimen of amsacrine, cytarabine, thioguanine (AAT) or daunorubicin, cytarabine, thioguanine (DAT). AAT consisted of amsacrine 200 mg/m2/day x 5, thioguanine 100 mg/m2/12 h p.o. x 10; DAT was daunorubicin 50 mg/m2/day x 3, cytarabine 200 mg/m2/day x 5, thioguanine 100 mg/m2/12 h p.o. x 10. After one or two induction courses the patients subsequently received 2 consolidation courses. 17 patients were not assessable for response to therapy due to exitus during induction treatment. Complete remission could be obtained in 14/24 (58%) of DAT patients respectively. Patients less than 60 years of age achieved CR in 63% (AAT) vs 65% (DAT), whereas patients greater than or equal to 60 years obtained a CR in 50% (AAT) vs 13% (DAT). Toxicity appears not to be increased significantly with amsacrine. These data indicate that amsacrine could replace daunorubicin in remission induction regimens of ANLL containing cytosin arabinoside and thioguanine without decreasing the response rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Vindesine-epirubicin versus vindesine-mitoxantrone in metastatic breast cancer.

UNLABELLED: The present study was designed to assess the toxicity and efficacy of two chemotherapy protocols in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Starting in December 1985, 230 patients were randomized to receive vindesine (V) (3 mg/m2 i.v.) and mitoxantrone (M) (10 mg/m2 i.v.) or V and epirubicin (E) (40 mg/m2 i.v.) every 3 weeks x 3 and every 4 weeks thereafter. Patients were stratified according to site of disease (visceral, bone or soft tissue dominant) and prior therapy. Patient groups were comparable with respect to menopausal status, age, estrogen receptor status and disease-free interval. About two-thirds of the patients presented with visceral recurrence and 30% with bone lesions: only 8% had soft tissue metastases. RESULTS: We observed a significant difference (p = 0.003) in the frequency of alopecia (WHO grade 3-4, 36% vs. 60% favoring regimen VM); gastrointestinal and hematologic side effects and neurotoxicity were mild and similar for both groups. In 182 evaluable patients there was a 26% response rate (CR + PR. UICC criteria) for VM and 35% for VE (not significant). NC was observed in 37% and 43% of patients treated with VM or VE respectively. There was no significant difference between these two groups with regard to time to progression and survival. The median time of follow-up was 8 months and therefore too short to draw definite conclusions. Both regimens were well tolerated and seem to be equally effective, although the response rate for VM and VE was lower than expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Blast crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia. Results with vindesine and prednisolone].

Nine patients with blast crises of chronic myeloid leukaemia were treated with a combination of vindesine and prednisolone. Vindesine, 2 mg/m2, was administered intravenously on two successive days each week and prednisolone, 60 mg/m2, orally once daily. Blast crises were divided into myeloblastic and lymphoblastic ones using cytochemical parameters as well as detection of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Complete remission was achieved in four patients, partial remission in one patient; in four patients treatment was unsuccessful. According to cytochemical findings, a therapeutic success was obtained in three of four patients with lymphoblastic and two of four patients with myeloblastic crises whereas no response to the treatment was seen in one patient with an undifferentiated type. Side effects of the therapy were frequent, but of only low degree and never led to interruption of treatment. On the basis of these results and from experience reported in the literature, the combination of vindesine and prednisolone can be recommended as the therapy of choice in blast crises of chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Surface glycoproteins (S-GP) on normal and malignant human leukocytes.

This study aimed to investigate high molecular weight surface glycoprotein (S-GP) patterns on various types of human leukocytes. S-GP were externally labelled by the Galactose-oxidase-NaB3H4 technique. Results based on the analysis of 120 samples derived from different types of normal and malignant leukocytes indicate that the relative expression of high molecular weight S-GPs changes during haemopoietic cell differentiation and to some extent these changes enable the classification of human leukocytes.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1984

[Non-secreting myeloma. Case report with immunohistologic and electron microscopic studies].

Immunological, immunofluorescence and electromicroscopic studies were performed in a case of atypical myeloma. The 77-year-old patient presented with skeletal pain, multiple osteolytic lesions and bone marrow infiltration by atypical plasma cells. Monoclonal light chains kappa were confined to the plasma cells, as shown by immunofluorescence. No monoclonal immunoglobulin or fragments were detected in plasma or concentrated urine, even by highly sensitive immunological methods. The concentration of the immunoglobulins G, A and M in the plasma was markedly reduced. The plasma cells contained very little sarcoplasmatic reticulum. The simultaneous occurrence of monoclonal light chains kappa in the plasma cells and the absence of monoclonal immunoglobulins or fragments in plasma and urine suggest a non-secretory myeloma.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

[Results of cytostatic polychemotherapy in non-Hodgkin lymphomas].

109 patients with advanced stage non-Hodgkin lymphomas were treated with cytostatic chemotherapy. 91 of these patients were classified according to the Kiel classification as having lymphomas of low-grade malignancy, whilst the remaining 18 had lymphomas of high-grade malignancy. The primary treatment in low-grade malignant lymphomas was a combination of chlorambucil and prednisone: in case of progression or therapeutic failure more aggressive schedules (COP, C-MOPP, HOP, CHOP, BACOP) were used. Patients with high-grade malignant lymphomas were treated in the first instance according to these aggressive schedules. Although no complete remissions were achieved, 25 out of the 47 patients with CLL responded with a partial remission to chlorambucil/prednisone, whilst 12 out of 19 non-responders to this schedule reacted favourably to COP. The results in 10 patients with immunocytic lymphomas were of a similar order. Better results were achieved in patients with germinal centre tumours: 9 out of the 11 patients with centrocytic lymphomas and all 20 patients with centrocytic-centroblastic tumours responded with a complete or partial remission. Of 18 patients with high-grade malignant lymphomas, 5 responded with a complete remission, 8 with a partial remission.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

[Surface glycoproteins of normal and malignant leukocytes].

This study aimed to evaluate the molecular weight distribution patterns and the quantitative expression of surface glycoproteins (S-GP) of various differentiation stages of human leucocytes. S-GP were first exposed by treatment with neuraminidase; subsequently they were labelled by galactose-oxidase treatment followed by reduction with 3H-sodium borohydride. Labelled S-GP were separated on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of SDS and were visualized by means of fluorography. A total of 8 major S-GP bands with apparent molecular weights of 230 000, 215 000, 200 000, 185 000, 175 000, 150 000, 125 000 and 110 000 daltons were identified. All of these S-GP were already expressed at the level of pluripotent myelopoietic stem cells but different in their relative expression during further cellular maturation.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1982

[Wegener's granulomatosis causing diabetes insipidus].

Very few cases of Wegener's granulomatosis which were associated with diabetes insipidus have hitherto been described. Our patient was a young man with severe (also histological) changes in the nose and paranasal sinuses. Typical pulmonal involvement developed. The hypothalamus seemed not to be affected; hyperprolactinemia, as described by other authors, did not exist. A computerized tomography was normal with regard to the hypothalamus. Typically the disease responded well to cyclophosphamide. An affection of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis was not demonstrable; likewise the kidneys were unaffected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Normal suppressor-cell activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. A study on 26 cases.

Suppressor-cell activity of 26 SLE patients suffering from active disease was compared to that of 15 healthy controls. ConA-induced and spontaneous suppression was evaluated. The mitogen-driven proliferation of normal allogeneic cells was significantly impaired by ConA-induced as well as spontaneous suppressor cells. However, no difference in suppressor-cell activity could be demonstrated between SLE patients and controls.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1981

[Encouraging results with cytostatic therapy in metastasizing breast cancer (author's transl)].

58 women with metastatic breast cancer, non-responsive to hormone therapy, were treated with a modified CMF regimen. After progression the combination of adriamycin and vincristine was used. With CMF the response rate was 41% (10% complete remissions, 31% partial remissions), 38% showed no change, whilst progression of the disease was observed in only 21% of patients. The median duration of remission was about 8 months. Progression of the disease was treated by a combination of adriamycin and vincristine and remissions were obtained in 24% of cases. The median survival time of our patients from the time of tumour metastasis was 18.6 months and was dependent on the results of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous and conA-induced suppressor lymphocytes: a comparative study.

Suppressor monocytes, Concanavalin A(ConA)-induced suppressor T cells, and short-lived suppressor lymphocytes have been describe in humans. The present study was performed to evaluate spontaneous suppression in a test system similar to that employed for the demonstration of ConA-induced suppressor cells: Lymphocytes were either stimulated by ConA (= induced suppressor cells) or immediately mitomycin-treated (= spontaneous suppressor cells). Both preparations were tested for their capacity to suppress mitogen-induced proliferation of autologous cells. Depletion of monocytes or B lymphocytes did not affect spontaneous suppression. The active cells were short-lived in vitro. Therefore the net increase in suppressor activity generated by preculture with ConA is in part related to a loss of spontaneous inhibitory activity in the control cultures kept without mitogen. Spontaneous suppressor cell activity was comparable to that of ConA-induced suppressor cells.

Carrageenan↗
PubMed1981

[Combined chemo- and radiotherapy in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma].

During a period of 3 years 25 patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The regimen was composed of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (ACO). After the first three cycles of combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy treatment was given to the primary tumor, the regional lymph nodes, the mediastinum and clinically involved cervical nodes. All patients showed a complete or partial regression of tumor. The median duration of response of patients with limited disease was 12 months, for those with extended or disseminated disease 8,6 months. Median survival from start of therapy was 14 months for those with limited disease at presentation and 10,9 months for those presenting with disseminated disease. The data were compared with those of other studies and discussed.

Adult↗