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Biomedical subjects

G Molnár

Publications and source records attributed to G Molnár.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Cortical silent period evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation in ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVES: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex produces motor evoked potentials (MEPs). Besides this excitatory response, TMS has inhibitory effects. When TMS is performed during voluntary muscle contraction, the MEP is followed by a pause in electromyographic activity (cortical silent period, SP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the SP. METHODS: We studied SP changes in 50 patients with acute hemispheric brain infarction. A stimulator with a round coil and a fixed intensity of 90% of maximum was used to evoke MEPs. RESULTS: SP was elicited on the affected side in 29 of the 50 patients. The mean SP duration was markedly longer on the affected side in the patient group. There were no significant differences between left and right sides in the means of the MEP amplitude ratio (amplitude related to corresponding amplitudes to peripheral electric stimulation) and MEP latencies in the patient group. Prolonged SP was found in 25 of the 29 patients (86%) whereas only 4 (14%) had abnormalities in MEP latency or amplitude ratio. The mean SP duration was significantly prolonged also in a subgroup of 14 patients with normal hand function. CONCLUSIONS: The SP measurement is an easily performed and sensitive method to detect even subclinical disturbances in motor system function in ischemic stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Transcription of the Arabidopsis CPD gene, encoding a steroidogenic cytochrome P450, is negatively controlled by brassinosteroids.

The Arabidopsis CPD gene encodes a cytochrome P450 steroid side-chain hydroxylase (CYP90) that plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone brassinolide. Expression of the CPD gene is confined to cotyledons and leaf primordia in etiolated seedlings and detectable in the adaxial parenchyma of expanding leaves in light-grown plants. Transcription of the CPD gene is not affected by the plant growth factors auxin, ethylene, gibberellin, cytokinin, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, but is specifically down-regulated by brassinolide in both dark and light. Steady-state mRNA levels of a CPD promoter-driven uidA reporter gene correlate with the expression of resident CPD gene in transgenic plants. Intermediates of the early and late C-6 oxidation pathways of brassinolide, carrying C-22 and C-23 side-chain hydroxyls, efficiently inhibit the activity of the CPD promoter. Repression of CPD transcription by brassinosteroids is sensitive to the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, indicating a requirement for de novo synthesis of a regulatory factor.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1997

Comparative studies on potato tuber development using an in vitro tuber induction system.

A method for synchronized in vitro tuber induction in a Hungarian cultivar of Solanum tuberosum designated "Keszthelyi 855" has been developed. It was shown that in this system tuberization and stolon elongation primarily depend on the level of sucrose in the medium. The cytokinin, 6-bensylaminopurine (BAP), also enhances the efficiency of tuber formation, however, only at sucrose concentration above 4% (w/v). The synchronized plant culture provided starting material for isolation of genes specifically expressed in tuberizing Solanum species during the early stage of tuber development. In comparison with the non-tuberizing Solanum brevidens, three types of specific transcripts have been obtained by differential screening. Based on DNA sequence analysis the genes isolated code for the major tuber proteins, patatin and proteinase inhibitors.

Adenine↗
PubMed1996

The effect of ascorbate and ubiquinone supplementation on plasma and CSF total antioxidant capacity.

Free radicals are thought to be involved in the onset of neuronal disturbances such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. It is also assumed that they play a role in cerebral injury caused by ischemia or trauma. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Total (peroxyl) Radical-trapping Antioxidant Parameter (TRAP), and the known antioxidant components of TRAP, for instance, ascorbic acid, uric acid, protein sulfhydryl groups, tocopherol, and ubiquinol were analyzed and the remaining unidentified fragment was calculated in five healthy volunteers before and after 4 weeks of ascorbate and ubiquinone (Q-10) supplementation. In CSF, TRAP was significantly lower than in plasma. The major contributor to plasma's antioxidant capacity was uric acid (UA), whereas in CSF it was ascorbic acid (AA). In CSF, AA concentrations were four times higher than in plasma. Oral supplementation of AA (500 mg/d first 2 weeks, 1,000 mg/d following 2 weeks) and Q-10 (100 mg/d first 2 weeks, 300 mg/d following 2 weeks) induced a significant increase in plasma AA and Q-10. Surprisingly, in spite of the high lipophilicity of Q-10, its concentration did not change in CSF. The supplementation of AA increased its concentration in CSF by 28% (p < .05). However, the increase in AA did not result in an increase in CSF TRAP. This indicates that AA had lost one-third of its radical trapping capacity as compared to that in plasma. The facts that AA is the highest contributor to CSF TRAP and its effect on TRAP is concentration dependent could indicate that the peroxyl radical-trapping capacity of CSF is buffered by AA.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy, labor and in the newborn].

Own findings about the frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnant women are compared with corresponding data from other countries. Vaginal i. e. conjunctival discharges of onset of labour, their newborn babies further 124 pregnant women were investigated by Elisa-method. Among delivery women 22 and among their infants 20 were found positive out of 124 pregnant women there were 50 positive cases. Consequently, Chlamydia trachomatis infection was proven in 38.8 p.c. (87 cases) out of altogether 224 cases pregnancy. This infection rate exceeds the average published in the literature it is even higher than that found in selected high-risk population.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Burstone's segmented arch technic].

The authors have introduced the segmented arch technique of Burstone on the base of the literature and of own experiences. They are reporting about the theory and the advantages of the technique and its adaptability in the daily orthodontic practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Is seminal fluid a suitable specimen for detecting chlamydial infection in men?

As genital chlamydia infection is considered the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial disease worldwide, its correct diagnosis has a great clinical and epidemiological importance. Urethra is the recommended site for collecting specimen for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in men, but urethral swabbing is very inconvenient for the patients. Testing of seminal fluid has two advantages: taking the sample is more convenient for the patient, and the ejaculate would provide more information on the possible infection of the upper genital tract. Three non-culture methods-enzyme immunoassay (EIA), DNA hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-were used for evaluation of suitability of seminal fluid as a sample for detection of Chlamydia in 4 patient groups comprising 259 symptomatic and asymptomatic, urology and andrology patients. The seminal fluids were tested parallel with the urethral samples. In one group of patients with typical prostatic complaints expressed prostatic secretion was examined parallel with urethral swab. C. trachomatis positivity rates were much higher in symptomatic (49.1%) than in asymptomatic patients (12.3%) in all kinds of sample. Seminal fluid was somewhat more frequently positive (7.9%) than urethral sample (6.2%). Simultaneous positivity was relatively rare (3.3%), it occurred most frequently in samples of patients with possible accessory gland infection tested by EIA. In a group of 17 patients with typical prostatic complaints the expressed prostatic secretion alone was positive in 7 cases, whereas only other two of the parallel urethral samples proved positive by PCR, simultaneous positivity occurred in one case. These findings suggest that testing of the ejaculate and/or the prostatic secretion parallel with the urethral sample would improve the sensitivity of detection of chlamydial infections.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Flow-cytometric study of the DNA content in adrenal cortex tumors].

Flow cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid measurements were performed on 26 adrenocortical tumours and 9 non-tumours adrenals. All but one tumours were classified both histologically and clinically as benign, however, two thirds of them had abnormal deoxyribonucleic acid stemlines. Proliferative indices of adenomatous tissues were significantly higher than those of non-tumorous adrenals (p < 0.01). When compared to tumors smaller than 5 cm in size, tumours larger than 5 cm displayed significantly higher proliferative indices (p < 0.01). Thus, flow cytometry appears to have only a limited value in distinguishing between benign and malignant adrenocortical tumours, but it may provide additional information about the prognosis of these tumours.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

[Genital chlamydia infection in andrologic patients. Direct antigen detection and serologic screening].

Authors investigated the frequency of genital chlamydial infection. 83 couples--complaining with infertility--were examined. Twenty patients were chlamydia positive by direct IF antigen detection. All chlamydia positive patients have elevated IgG antibody levels in sera. In 33 cases (18.1%) the antibody titers were significantly high above 1:128, in 58 cases (34.9%) antibody levels were slightly elevated between 1:16-1:64. Authors are analysing the questions of the humoral immune reactions and the results of the medical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Bone resorption activity of particulate-stimulated macrophages.

Particulate wear debris from bone cement or prosthetic components can stimulate macrophages to cause bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. This bone resorption activity of particulate-stimulated macrophages is associated with increased levels of both prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). In this study we compared the effect of particulate size, concentration, and composition on the secretion of IL-1 and PGE2 by peritoneal macrophages and on the bone-resorbing activity of conditioned medium (CM) harvested from particulate-challenged macrophages. Particulates (titanium, Ti; polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA; and polystyrene, PS) only with phagocytosable size stimulated peritoneal macrophages to secrete IL-1 and PGE2 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Ti particles (1-3 microns) exhibited significantly enhanced bone-resorbing activity measured as 45Ca release. The maximum bone-resorbing response was observed at a concentration of 0.1% Ti (approximately 10-15 Ti particulates per cell), which also corresponded with the highest IL-1 levels measured in particulate-challenged CM. This was measured using either conditioned media from Ti-stimulated macrophages or in cocultures of calvarial bone and macrophages in the presence of Ti. Exogenous PGE2 and recombinant human IL-1 could significantly increase the 45Ca release; indomethacin (IM) significantly reduced both the spontaneous calcium efflux and active 45Ca release from in vivo labeled calvarial bones. However, IM and/or anti-IL-1 antibodies could suppress only partly the macrophage-mediated bone resorption, indicating that, in a macrophage-bone coculture system, factors other than PGE2 and IL-1 also may regulate particulate-induced bone resorption, probably involving multiple cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Andrologic significance of genital mycoplasma].

The authors investigated the effect of genital mycoplasma infection of fertility. The rate of silent mycoplasma infection was studied in asymptomatic andrological patients (655 persons) and in a control group of so called "chronic prostatitis" (1085) patients with clinical symptoms. In the asymptomatic andrological group the urethral smear was positive in 12.5% of cases, the ejaculate in 22.0% of cases. In the "chronic prostatitic" group mycoplasma infection was present in urethral smear in 34.8% of cases, and in the ejaculate in 37.0% of cases. The isolation showed that 29.2% of positive ejaculate samples contained M. hominis, and 70.8% of samples was infected by U. urealyticum. For investigating the effect of mycoplasma infection on the male fertilization capacity, infected and non infected andrological patients was compared by conventional andrological parameters and by modern functional tests like bovin mucus penetration test, hypoosmotic swelling test and swim up procedure. All the modern parameters and one of the conventional tests (sperm motility) showed a significant difference between the two groups.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Significant bacteriospermia. Value and limits of sperm count in andrology].

The data concerning bacteriospermia--are very different in the literature. Asymptomatic andrologic patients, and as control group--patients of the outpatient department for male adnexitis--were studied. Cultivation of aerobic bacteria and mycoplasmas has been recently accomplished by quantitative bacteriological analysis and chlamydia diagnostic. The microbiological screening of 210 andrologic patients ejaculate has given the following results: 19.6% were sterile, 21.0% were colonised by apathogens, 59.1% were positive: 6.2% Mycoplasma hominis, 15.8% Ureaplasma urealyticum, 13.3% Chlamydia trachomatis, 51.9% other aerobic pathogens. 27.6% of samples contained more then one kind of bacteria strains. Quantitative isolation of aerobics and mycoplasmas in both andrological and male adnexitis patients groups showed the following distribution. In the andrologic groups 14.7% of samples contained 10(4) CFU/ml, 9.6% more than 10(4) CFU/ml aerobic bacteria; in the male adnexitis group nearly twice higher values could be observed (20.2% and 19.5%). The distribution of mycoplasma CFU/ml was the following; andrologie group: 20.1% of samples contained 10(4) mycoplasma CFU/ml, 37.5% more than 10(4) CFU/ml; in the male adnixitis group the identical values: 22.9%, 66.9%. Chi 2 statistical analysis showed significant difference ((p = 0.000) in the distribution of data in the two groups. On the other hand both of the groups contained all kinds of bacteriological concentration and even negative cases. Therefore authors suggest more biochemical investigations for detecting inflammatory diseases. Spermaparameters (motility and progressive motility) of andrological patients, divided by sperm concentration (cell number above and under 20 million/ml) and the degree of infection (non infected, slightly infected, and above 10(4) CFU/ml) were significantly different in the seriously infected group by variance analysis (p = 0.000).

Bacterial Infections↗