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Biomedical subjects

G Molnár

Publications and source records attributed to G Molnár.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Inhibition of sodium for sodium exchange by phlorizin in frog sartorius muscle.

The effects of phlorizin (2 X 10(-3) mol X l-1) on the Na transport of frog (Rana esculenta) sartorius muscle were investigated in glucose-free medium. Phlorizin decreased the rate coefficient of 24Na efflux by about 40%. The degree of inhibition was comparable to that caused by ouabain (10(-4) mol X l-1). Phlorizin could evoke a further reduction in the 24Na efflux also in the presence of ouabain. The intracellular Na content of the phlorizin-treated muscles remained unchanged, in contrast to a 60% increase induced by ouabain. 42K uptake was not affected by phlorizin. Data indicate that the ouabain-sensitive Na-K pump was not involved in the action of phlorizin. At the same time, phlorizin failed to alter the residual 24Na efflux measured in Li-Ringer solution containing ouabain. When Na: Na exchange was restored by replacing Na into the washout solution in the presence of ouabain, the increase of 24Na efflux was significantly diminished by phlorizin. Phlorizin reduced the 24Na uptake into a compartment with a half time of 6 min by about 40% without affecting the intracellular compartment. The results suggest that phlorizin inhibits the ouabain-insensitive Na: Na exchange in a superficial Na compartment.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Diagnostic value of bone scintigraphy in the complications of total replacement of the hip.

Scintigraphy with bone-specific 99m-technetium-Sn-ethylenediphosphonate (phosphon) was performed in 27 patients having undergone total hip replacement before and, in case of complaints, also after operation. On suspicion of infection a study with 67 gallium citrate was also made. Completion of clinical, roentgenological and laboratory findings with an isotope study may help in deciding whether complaints are only due to the loosening of the prosthesis or to infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Lack of effect of self-poisoning on subsequent reproductive outcome.

Reproductive outcome as assessed by personal interview was studied after severe self-poisoning in 1399 index patients below the age of 30 years and 881 control cases. Rates of delayed conception, infertility, spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy and stillbirth were no higher in the study sample after self-poisoning than in the control sample. Among livebirths of index and control cases, there were no significant differences with respect to the sex ratio, mean birth weight, distribution of birth weight groups, percentage with low birth weight, twin occurrence, birth prevalence and distribution of congenital anomalies verified medically, rates of early death and some kinds of postnatal diseases. Consequently, there is no evidence that semilethal drug intoxication produces epidemiologically detectable germinal mutations in a sample involving 2503 pregnancies.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1984

Self-poisoning as a model for the study of the mutagenicity of chemicals in human beings.

Individuals who poison themselves in a suicide attempt with extremely large doses of chemicals may comprise a population that is useful for the study of the possible mutagenicity of drugs and other compounds. After the demonstration of the demographic data of completed and attempted suicide cases, the methodology of short-term somatic and long-term germinal mutagenesis systems are described. Finally the advantages and disadvantages of this human experimental epidemiological model are discussed, pointing out the practical and theoretical importance of the approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The importance of isotope investigations in skeletal fractures.

A useful technique for the investigation of skeletal fractures is the application of 99mTc phosphon isotope. This method may complete the X-rays and physical examinations, and it is especially useful in cases, when the date of vertebral compression is unknown.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1981

Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid as an index of central serotonergic processes.

Faulty transmission in the central serotonin and catecholamine systems may be involved in some psychiatric and neurological conditions. Central monoamine metabolism can be studied by measuring amine metabolites in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but results to date have been inconsistent. Since most studies have analyzed lumbar CSF, one reason for the inconsistencies may be that lumbar fluid does not reflect brain amine metabolism. We measured 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in serial CSF samples obtained in connection with pneumoencephalographic (PEG) examinations: through seven samples of equal volume, a gradual increase was found for both metabolites in 14 neurological patients, and the first and last fractions were statistically significantly correlated. In addition, a small series of cisternal CSF samples from psychiatric (depressed and alcoholic) and neurological patients were analyzed for 5HIAA. Frequency distribution in cisternal CSF was similar to that of lumbar values, although the levels were about twice as high, close to those found in the last PEG fractions. There were no significant differences between patient groups either in cisternal or lumbar CSF 5HIAA. These findings suggest that while there is an ascending gradient, lumbar CSF samples do reflect amine metabolite concentrations of the more central fluid. No disease-specific differences in cisternal CSF were found which were absent in the lumbar fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Myelin basic protein antibodies in the serum and CSF of multiple sclerosis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was developed for the detection of myelin basic protein antibodies of immunoglobulin G (IgG) class. Purified basic protein of myelin (MBP) was adsorbed onto polystyrene beads, followed by incubation in dilutions of serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). 125I-labelled anti-human IgG was used to quantify antibodies bound to the solid-phase. The assay was optimized in tests with rabbit antibodies to MBP and with 125I-labelled anti-rabbit IgG. Serum and CSF specimens from 41 multiple sclerosis (MS), 16 subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and 58 control patients were tested for MBP antibodies. No statistically significant differences were found between MS and control patient groups, but the subgroup of acute MS patients had slightly elevated (P 0.02) antibody levels in their CSF specimens. The SSPE patients had markedly elevated levels (P 0.001) of antibodies to MBP in their CSF specimens.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1980

[The effect of alcohol and alcohol withdrawal therapy on the concentration of carbohydrate products of metabolism and electrolytes (Na, K, Mg, Cl) in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid--changes in the oxidation-reduction in the brain].

Both ethanol and ethanol-disulfiram reaction result in a lactacidosis of CSF. The Disulfiram produces hyperglycorhachia, the ethanol causes a shift of the oxidation-reduction processes in the direction to reduction. The Apomorphine has no side effects. The various treatments of alcoholics do not influence the electrolyte concentrations in the CSF.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance in athletes and in non-athletes at rest.

Cardiac output (CO), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were estimated in 13 non-athletes, in 10 highly trained athletes and in 8 lower-class athletes at rest. HR and BP were found to be lower in both trained groups than in the controls. CO was lower in the top athletes, while it proved to be higher in the lower-class athletes. Total peripheral resistance (TPR) was higher in the top athletes while it was found to be reduced in the lower-class athletes than in the controls. These results indicate that in the maintanance of resting blood pressure level in the physically trained subjects alpha adrenergic mechanisms predominate whereas the share of beta influences is lower, however, this shift is observed only in the highly trained, top-rank endurance athletes.

Cardiac Output↗