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Biomedical subjects

G Neumann

Publications and source records attributed to G Neumann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Disinfection in gynecologic practice].

It will be pointed to the necessity of the demand according to a standardize sanitary regime which concerns ambulant practicing gynaecologists. A sanitary pattern scheme is introduced.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1992

Acute onset of celiac disease in the puerperium.

An acute, severe onset of celiac disease is very unusual in adults. We describe its occurrence postpartum in two patients. These, together with two similar cases previously reported, suggest a causal association with the puerperium. Possible causes include potentiation of a pathogenetic immune reaction and hormonal mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Polymyalgia rheumatica and rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly: a clinical, laboratory, and scintigraphic comparison.

Clinical, laboratory, and scintigraphic features of 16 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and 23 patients matched for age presenting with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (American Rheumatism Association 1958 criteria) of the elderly were compared in order to define features that might distinguish between these two syndromes. The sensitivity of proposed diagnostic criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica was always higher in the group with polymyalgia rheumatica, though only significantly so for morning stiffness. A comparison of 27 different laboratory features showed few significant differences between the diseases, though correlation between laboratory variables within each of the disease groups differed, perhaps suggesting a fundamental pathogenetic difference between them. Scintigraphy of the shoulder joint proved of no value in differential diagnosis. It was concluded that polymyalgia rheumatica and rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly are probably discrete clinical entities. Bilateral upper arm tenderness, lack of positive rheumatoid factor, and a normal caeruloplasmin are the most valuable features for distinguishing polymyalgia rheumatica from rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Who is (still) a cancer patient? Epidemiological aspects for the assessment of the status in diseases with a protracted course].

Generally it is difficult to assess the prevalence of a chronic disease or a disease with protracted course particularly without clear signs of cure. As formerly with tuberculosis, a standard period after cessation of symptoms or therapy should be defined for assessing the end of cancer disease. In view of the broad spectrum of cancer forms, more than one such period will be necessary, to be thoroughly discussed and widely accepted. The recommendations are mandatory only for epidemiologic purposes but may also be helpful under other conditions.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

[HIV infection and tuberculosis--result of a survey].

At the fall of 1989 a questionnaire was sent to 19 institutions particularly involved with AIDS. 17 (89 percent) responded at all, 11 (and one more additionally) delivered qualified data. Overall 8,518 persons with proved HIV infection of different stages were treated from 1987 to 1989 in institutions distributed over the whole Federal Republic and Westberlin. 94 of the HIV infected suffered from tuberculosis. The risk of tuberculosis was approximately equally high for males and females. It was elevated by the factor 7 to 11 in the early stages of the HIV infection (CDC-classification). The factor was 157 in stage IVB-E (AIDS). The risk was higher for male homo- or bisexuals compared with iv drug users. The rate of tuberculosis did not significantly increase from 1987 to 1989. There were much more cases with multiple sites or of extrapulmonary localisations, especially of peripheral lymph nodes in males and an unusual high percentage of bacteriological confirmation of cases with respiratory tuberculosis with an uncommonly low rate of positive sputum smears. Up to now epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Federal Republic will not be in general markedly influenced inspite of the high risk of HIV infected.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1990

[Myocardial tomography with single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) technique in X syndrome].

Compared with the usual planar scintigraphy of the myocardium the single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) has essential advantages. By means of the SPECT a three-dimensional reconstruction of the intersection image is possible which allows a judgement of the myocardium in the transversal, sagittal and coronary planes of section. The scans of the SPECT are richer in contrast and freer from overshadowings of normally of disturbedly perfused areas of the myocardium. 43 patients with angina pectoris complaints in angiographically normal coronary arteries (syndrome X) were examined by means of the SPECT under bicycle ergometer load and at rest. As radionuclide thallium-201 was used. 28 out of 43 patients (65%) showed disturbances of the perfusion, in which cases 21 patients with reversible ischaemias and 7 ones with cicatrised changes and an ischaemia of the marginal zone were conspicuous. Previous own investigations with the planar Tl-201 scintigraphy of the myocardium showed pathological findings in 66% of the cases with a syndrome X. The nearly identical results speak for the high reliability of the scintigraphy of the myocardium, but against the increase sensitivity of the SPECT in contrast to the planar scintigraphy of the myocardium.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1990

[Reports of tuberculosis of the respiratory organs in Stuttgart 1986-1988--an epidemiologic study].

This retrospective study is based on 427 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, 153 smear positive, 101 culture positive, and 173 without bacteriologic confirmation, children and cases of pleurisy excluded, all notified by the Public Health Department of Stuttgart in 1986-1988. Results are given by sex, age, nationality, cause of diagnosis, diagnosing institution, extent of disease, profession. These results are compared with those of former studies covering the periods 1964-1970 and 1980-1985. There is a remarkable statistically significant and continuous increase in the rates of passive case-finding. Unfortunately the rate of far advanced cases has significantly increased from 1964-1970 to 1986-1988, due to the smaller contribution of active case-finding, particularly the cessation of mass miniature X-ray examinations. Passive case-finding yields more advanced cases than active case-finding. But in spite of this fact there is no plea for intensifying active case-finding. As far advanced cases are more dangerous than others to their contacts the shift to passive case-finding has a negative impact on the general decline of tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Hyperthyroidism and its relation to heart function].

The influence of hyperthyreosis on the cardiac function was investigated by means of non-invasive methods (radiocardiography, echocardiography, Tc-99m- und Tl-201-scintigraphy of the myocardium) and invasive methods (coronary angiography). Independent of age an increase of the frequency was always existing, a significant increase of the filling of the ventricle, of SI and HI was shown only by younger patients. With the help of the echocardiography local and global disturbances of kinetics, by means of the Tl-201-scintigraphy of the myocardium disturbances of the myocardial perfusion could be proved. For the circulating plasma catecholamines noradrenalin, adrenalin and dopamine values were established lying in the lower region of the normal. The effects of an increase of the thyroid hormone on the number and/or sensitivity of the membrane-bound beta-adrenoceptors of the heart as well as the independent of its effect of the SDH on the obtaining of myocardial energy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The value of lung perfusion scintigraphy in radiation pneumonitis in comparison with the diffusing capacity DLCO].

The value of lung perfusion scintigraphy (Tc99m) and lung diffusing capacity are compared with references to early detection of radiogenic pneumonitis. Perfusion scintigraphy completed by diffusing capacity is excellent suitable for early detection. Risk cases are recognized up to 40 days earlier than by X-ray. Severity of radiogenic pneumonitis can be diminished remarkable by prevention therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Effectiveness and absorption of rectal hydrocortisone acetate foam in nonspecific proctocolitis.

A 3-week open trial of rectal hydrocortisone acetate foam (Colifoam, Stafford Miller, UK) was conducted in 19 patients with active, nonspecific distal proctocolitis. Complete or near complete remission was observed in nine patients (47.4%). Absorption of hydrocortisone acetate from Colifoam was evaluated in 13 patients by measuring early morning serum cortisol before treatment and 12 and 36 h after the final dose. Normal cortisol values were observed in every instance, suggesting that the steroid component of Colifoam was not significantly absorbed. Colifoam seems to be an effective remedy for distal proctocolitis. Its specific advantages include ease of retention and apparent nonabsorption of the active component.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1989

[Development of functional stability of the musculoskeletal system in athletes in childhood and adolescence].

Based on the experience gained in sports medicine a review is given on the development of functional stability of the musculoskeletal and locomotive system in actively sporting children and adolescents. Inadequate physical exercise during the growth periods may result in maladaption. Children retarded in their musculoskeletal development exhibit a reduced exercise tolerance. A training system with a high amount of exercises strengthening muscles in general may improve the efficiency of the locomotive system. In school children deficient muscular training results in a progressive reduction of stretching capacity of back and thigh (upper part) muscles. With a view to primary prevention of premature disturbances of the musculoskeletal and articular systems more attention has to be attached to the development of functional stability by adequate physical training both at school and during free-time activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Malignant neoplasms of the lip, mouth, pharynx, nose, ear and larynx. A descriptive-epidemiologic study].

Between 1952 and 1986 the mortality from malignant tumours of the head and neck in the German Federal Republic shows a varying picture: a decline of cancer of the lip, equivocal rates for cancer of the nose and ear, increases for cancer of the tongue and of the larynx, a marked increase for cancer of the floor of the mouth and of the hypopharynx, a lesser increase for cancer of the tonsillar area and other parts of the mouth, but almost no increase for cancer of the salivary glands. The trends are similar for males and females, but the male:female ratio increased during the observation period. The increase of mortality begins in the middle age group. Based on the data of the cancer registry of the Saarland it can be estimated that on average the incidence is twice as high as mortality. In general the trend is similar both in incidence and mortality (but not the degree of the trend). Multiple malignancies of the head and neck are observed more often than expected and patients should be followed up carefully. Combined clinical-epidemiological studies are needed.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1987

Circadian phase dependency of the effects of different beta-receptor blocking drugs on motor activity of rats. Importance of drug lipophilicity.

The effects of seven beta-receptor blocking drugs differing in lipophilicity by 3.5 orders of magnitude (propranolol, bupranolol, oxprenolol, metoprolol, sotalol, practolol, atenolol) were studied on the circadian rhythm in motor activity of light-dark-synchronized (light (L): 7-19 h, dark (D): 19-7 h) male rats. Motor activity after i.p. injection of saline or of the racemic mixtures of all drugs and the isomers of propranolol, bupranolol and practolol was measured in groups of 5 rats with a motimeter. Two doses of either drug were injected either at 7:30 a.m. in L or at 7:30 p.m. in D. In L the drugs did either not affect motor activity or even increased motility in comparison to saline. No dosage-dependency was observed in the drug effects in L. In contrast, during D a dosage-dependent decrease in motor activity was found for all compounds. ED50-values of decrease in motility during D were negatively correlated with lipophilicity (partition coefficient) of the compounds. No significant difference was found in the ED50-values of the isomers studied. The results clearly demonstrate a circadian phase dependency in the effects of beta-receptor blocking drugs on motor activity of rats. A dosage-dependent central depressant effect of the drugs could be observed only in D. It is concluded that the central depressant effects of beta-receptor blocking drugs are mainly due to the non-specific, lipophilic property of the drugs and not brought about by a specific blockade of central beta-adrenoceptors.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗