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Biomedical subjects

G Olivetti

Publications and source records attributed to G Olivetti.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Connective tissue accumulation in the left coronary artery of young SHR.

The left coronary artery of 21-, 28-, and 45-day-old spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats was analyzed morphometrically to evaluate the structural alterations of the vessel wall during the development of genetically determined hypertension. In 45-day-old rats, hypertension was associated with a significant expansion of the partial volume of collagen and ground substance (119%) within the arterial wall. This change exceeded the concurrent accumulation of elastin (77%) and smooth muscle cell mass (34%). The growth of the muscle compartment was also characterized by a marked increment of rough endoplasmic reticulum (103%). The increase in the mural concentration of fibrous proteins at this early age may be viewed as the initial adverse effect of hypertension on muscular arteries.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of long-term administration of two beta-blocking agents on myocardial structure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Two vasodilating beta-blockers, dilevalol and pindolol, were studied for their effects on the development of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Dilevalol has agonist activity at beta 2-, whereas pindolol interacts with both beta 1- and beta 2-receptor subtypes. Groups of 7-week old spontaneously hypertensive rats were given dilevalol (30 mg/kg) or pindolol (3 mg/kg) in the drinking water for 3 months. A control group of spontaneously hypertensive rats and age-matched normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats were also used. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were recorded weekly. Cardiac structural changes were determined by morphometric analysis. Control spontaneously hypertensive rats developed hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy as compared with normotensive rats. Dilevalol and pindolol prevented the rise in blood pressure, but only dilevalol lowered heart rate. However, neither of the compounds prevented the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, but they differently influenced myocardial structure as measured by the volume fraction of fibrotic tissue in the left ventricle. Dilevalol markedly prevented the amount of fibrosis to a level comparable to that found in normotensive rats, whereas pindolol had a weaker effect. The data suggest that individual pharmacologic characteristics, such as partial agonist activity of each beta-blocker examined, may account for differential effects on the myocardial structure.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coronary capillaries during normal and pathological growth.

The adaptive capacity of the myocardium with respect to its capillary concentration and distribution has been measured morphometrically during the hypertrophic growth occurring physologically after birth and as a result of induced overload in the adult. In particular, the growth of the capillary network of the left ventricle was examined in rats from one to 150 days of age and in rats with spontaneous hypertension, aortic stenosis, two-kidney one-clip renal hypertension and myocardial infarction. The following quantitative structural parameters of the capillary microvasculature were analyzed: 1. Capillary luminal volume density; 2. Capillary luminal surface density; 3. The average diffusion distance for oxygen; and 4. The aggregate capillary length in the whole ventricle. The major conclusions of the present study are: 1. The postnatal growth of the heart is characterized by lengthening of the whole capillary network that is linearly related to the aging process; 2. The rate of capillary proliferation, measured by changes in capillary density, is greater in the first month of age; 3. In contrast to postnatal development, lengthening of the capillary microvasculature is not a consistent adaptive mechanism of induced cardiac hypertrophy; 4. Capillary luminal volume and surface densities and the diffusion distance for oxygen are essentially maintained in spontaneous, mechanical and renal hypertension; and 5. Cardiac hypertrophy in acute and healed myocardial infarction results in alterations of the capillary properties implicated in tissue oxygenation that may constitute the morphological counterpart of the greater vulnerability to ischemic episodes of the hypertrophied myocardium after infarction.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the kidney.

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of end-stage renal failure of unknown etiology. She had to begin hemodialysis a few days later. An open biopsy showed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the kidney. The patient died after the first cycle of chemotherapy and necroscopy confirmed that the lymphomatous involvement of the kidney was primary. From the current literature we are not aware of other cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the kidney.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphometric study of salivary glands in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

The relationship between structural changes of the minor salivary glands with age was evaluated by morphometric analysis in twenty patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (prim. SS) (Group I) and in twenty sex and age-matched normal subjects (Group II). No statistically significant differences were found in the acinar tissue, intralobular ducts (ILD) and fibrous tissue between the two Groups. In contrast, there was a 5-fold increase in the volume fraction of inflammatory cells in Group 1. In both Groups the percentage of fibrous tissue and ILD increases and the percentage of acinar tissue decreases linearly with age. In Group I the increase in the volume percentage of fibrous tissue and the decrease in the volume fraction of the acinar tissue were not related to the volume percentage of inflammatory cells. These results demonstrate that in prim. SS the acinar atrophy is not related to the inflammatory process but is an age-dependent phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics and definition of stress in subjects exposed to video display terminals: evaluation of urinary excretion of catecholamines and euglobulin lysis time in a group of VDT operators].

Occupational stress is defined and the main problems involved in the study of stress in VDT operators are pointed out and discussed. A preliminary research is presented, in which urinary catecholamines and fibrinolysis are tested in a group of VDT telephone operators. Basal values are compared with data obtained after a work shift. No evident difference appears from this evaluation.

Adult↗