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Biomedical subjects

G Panichi

Publications and source records attributed to G Panichi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

The impact of the Catholic Jubilee in 2000 on infectious diseases. A case-control study of giardiasis, Rome, Italy 2000-2001.

Mass gatherings are believed to increase the transmission of infectious diseases although surveillance systems have shown a low impact. The Catholic Jubilee was held in Rome, Italy in 2000. We conducted a case-control study to analyse the risk factors of giardiasis among residents. All diseases reported to the laboratory surveillance system from January 2000 to May 2001 were compared with hospital controls concurrently selected in the same season as cases and frequency-matched for age and birth country. Fifty-two cases (44.1%) and 72 controls were enrolled. In the multivariable analysis factors associated with giardiasis among adults were: travelling abroad (OR 24.2, P>0.01), exposure to surface water (OR 4.80, P=0.05), high educational level (OR 3.8, P=0.03). Having a maid from a high-prevalence country was independently associated (OR 2.3) although not statistically significant. This is the only exposure that changed during the Jubilee.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Anaerobic bacteria in postsurgical infections: isolation rate and antimicrobial susceptibility.

Three hundred clinical samples, obtained from post-surgical infections, were evaluated. 37% of samples were positive for anaerobes, 99 samples (33%) for aerobes and anaerobes in mixed culture, and 13 (4%) only for anaerobes. One hundred forty-nine anaerobic strains were isolated: Bacteroides and Clostridia occurred most frequently (34% and 23% respectively). Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was tested by means of a commercial broth microdilution method. In addition, the standardized agar dilution method was performed to evaluate the susceptibility to 8 antibiotics of the 51 Bacteroides strains.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1990

HNK-1 peripheral blood lymphocytes in HIV infected patients.

Peripheral blood cells with the HNK-1 phenotype were studied in HIV infected patients of which 28 with Asymptomatic Infection (AI), 64 with Persistent Generalized Lymphoadenopathy (PGL), 9 with AIDS Related Complex (ARC), and 12 with AIDS. Eight normal subjects served as controls. Two-color immunofluorescence by flow cytometry analysis showed in all of them a significant increase of the mean percentage of HNK+T3- lymphocytes (greater than 20%) as compared to controls (6%). Only in AI the mean absolute count was significantly higher (776/cmm) than control's one (152/cmm). Percentages and absolute counts of HNK+T3- lymphocytes were similar to normal ones. In AI and PGL HNK+T3+ cells correlated directly with T8 lymphocytes and inversely with T4 cells and T4/T8 ratio. These results indirectly suggests that HNK+T3+ cells represent a subset of suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes. The results in ARC and AIDS were somewhat equivocal and deserve further study in larger samples. No correlation was found between HNK+T3+ and HNK+T3- cells. The expansion of HNK+T3+ cells was parallel to that one of T8 lymphocytes expressing CD8 antigen at high surface density which were previously reported as having cytotoxic activity. Follow-up studies of the HNK cell peripheral pattern will clarify if it can be regarded as an early predictor of clinical outcome.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1989

Antibiotic treatment of anaerobic infections.

Many bacterial infections, for example those in chest and abdomen, intracranial infections and infections in the female genital tract have anaerobic or mixed aerobic/anaerobic aetiology. Recent data indicate that anaerobes, alone or together with aerobes, are found in 15% to 30% of all positive bacteriological cultures. In 1988 at our laboratory, 284 (75%) of 379 positive cultures yielded aerobes only, 23 (6%) anaerobes only and 72 (19%) mixed aerobes and anaerobes. The initial choice of antibiotics in infections known or suspected to involve anaerobes should be based on the site of the infection, the anticipated aetiology and the severity of the infection. The place in therapy of antibiotics active against anaerobes is discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Evidence for cross-infection in an outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea in a surgical unit.

Environmental studies were performed in a hospital outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. Transmission was associated with the sluice room and the storage room where medical equipment was found to be contaminated with C.difficile. Typing of isolates by antibiotic-susceptibility patterns and profiles of EDTA-extracted proteins showed the presence of an "epidemic" strain common to the majority of patients and environmental sites. Control of the outbreak was achieved by improvement of environmental hygiene and use of disposable equipment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Isolation of Clostridium difficile from human jejunum: identification of a reservoir for disease?

The possibility that the small intestine may represent a reservoir for Clostridium difficile was studied, using segments of human jejunum collected at necropsy. Our results (three of 100 specimens positive for C difficile culture) support the hypothesis that C difficile can be found in human jejunum and that it adheres to the normal mucosa as a resident bacterium. These findings suggest that gastrointestinal disease caused by C difficile has an endogenous origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[HLA and hypo-responsivity to anti-HBV vaccination (genetic study of non-responder subjects to anti-hepatitis B viral vaccine)].

The control of the immunization due to hepatitis B vaccines (HB-VAX and HEVAC B) showed that a low percentage of healthy adults vaccinated develop a non protective title of HBsAb or do not produce antibodies. The correlation between immunity and HLA has already been demonstrated: HLA is at the base of individual immunological response; this correlation directed our genetic study of low-responders or non-responders patients to anti-HBV vaccine. In our study 11 out of 97 subjects vaccinated (11.34%) with HB VAX or HEVAC B resulted hyporesponsive and underwent complete HLA typing to verify the relation between immune deficiency response and genetic system. There was an increase in phenotype HLA-DR7 incidence, with respect to a non-selective population and a decrease of HLA-DR1, as it has already been mentioned in the literature, the variations were not statistically significant taking into account the exiguity of the samples considered.

Female↗