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Biomedical subjects

G Panichi

Publications and source records attributed to G Panichi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clostridium difficile colitis in leukemia patients.

Leukemia patients with diarrhea or other abdominal symptoms have been investigated for the presence of Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxin in stools. Of the patients studied 19% had C. difficile, in most cases together with cytotoxin. All patients but one had received antibiotics, while one had been treated with cytotoxic agents only. Symptoms of colitis were most often abdominal pain and distension rather than diarrhea. Owing to the not infrequent fatal evolution, it is recommended that routine search for C. difficile in leukemia patients with abdominal symptoms be performed and appropriate therapy started immediately.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of various methods of preserving samples for the study of intestinal microflora].

Intestinal microflora changes in ten adult and healthy subjects after storage of specimen with different modalities, temperatures and times were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. Aerobic components (Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Bacillus spp.) did not show considerable variations of concentration in all maintenance conditions. Anaerobic components showed different capacity of survival for every researched genus: Clostridia and Lactobacilli, even kept frozen for one month in glycerol broth at -70 degrees C, maintained a stable viable count; Bacteroides, Fusobacteria, Veillonellae and Peptostreptococci were found stable after one week, while after one month showed a loss of concentration superior to 4 Log; Eubacteria were found remarkably reduced after seven days and completely lost after one month.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cytotoxin and enterotoxin production by Clostridium difficile.

30 strains of Cl. difficile isolated from faeces of patients with pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), antibiotic associated diarrhoea (AAC) and other intestinal disorders and from faeces of asymptomatic carriers were studied for production of toxins. Tissue culture assay was used for the detection of cytotoxin (toxin B) and ileal loop test for enterotoxin (toxin A). All Cl. difficile isolates from patients with PMC and AAC were found to produce cytotoxin, whereas enterotoxin was demonstrated only in approximately 70% of strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro activity of several cytostatic drugs against aerobic and anaerobic intestinal bacteria].

The human normal intestinal flora prevents the colonization of exogenous bacteria, maintaining a constant microecology: this property is called "colonization resistance". In leukemia patients antibiotics used for prevention and/or therapy of infectious episodes can alter the intestinal microecology, so that the gut can represent the trigger zone for generalized septicemia. Moreover cytotoxic drugs used in these patients can favour intestinal disturbances. In our study we evaluated the in vitro activity of three commonly used antineoplastic drugs (Daunorubicin, Cytosine arabinoside, Methotrexate) against aerobic and anaerobic intestinal bacteria and Clostridium difficile that is the aetiological agent of pseudomembranous colitis. Daunorubicin proved to be the most active inhibiting, in concentration ranging from 16 to 128 micrograms/ml, 50% of Bacteroides strains and 90% of Clostridium difficile and Enterococci strains tested. Methotrexate showed activity only against some Bacteroides strains, while Cytosine arabinoside had no activity at all. We conclude that in these patients the use of these drugs may represent another factor of risk altering the intestinal flora and so lowering the colonization resistance.

Bacteria, Aerobic↗
PubMed1983

Norfloxacin (MK-0366) treatment of urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients.

Norfloxacin (MK-0366) is a new antibacterial agent, closely related to nalidixic acid, with broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A clinical study was conducted on forty hospitalized patients with bacteriologically proven urinary tract infections; 20 patients were given norfloxacin and 20 co-trimoxazole. Clinical results were excellent in both groups; norfloxacin was effective in infections due to Ps. aeruginosa and other multi-resistant pathogens. No side effects were reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Preliminary results of immune response to hepatitis B (HB) vaccine (Pasteur) in adults.

Antibody responses were estimated in 42 healthy high risk volunteers submitted to three monthly intradeltoid inoculations of a 5 micrograms HBs vaccine containing both subtypes adw and ayw. The presence and concentration of anti-HBs varied according to individual responses and the number of injections. One month after the 1st dose those responding numbered 19%, one month after the 2nd the number rose to 83,3%, and reached 100% one month after the 3rd dose. In a few cases antibody levels were low (less than or equal to 50 mIU/ml), while in most subjects they rose after the 2nd dose, reaching high titres. Concordance and comparability of anti-HBs concentration were achieved by three different measurements (S/N, RIA Units, mIU/ml). No important side effects were observed. The timing of booster doses is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

T and B lymphocytes in the liver and peripheral blood of subjects with acute and chronic hepatitis.

E and EAC rosette-forming cells in the peripheral blood and in the liver of subjects with acute and chronic hepatitis were studied. We found a highly significant reduction (P less than 0.01) of E rosette percentage in the lymphocytes isolated from the liver patients with chronic persistent, and chronic active, hepatitis. EAC rosette-forming cells were significantly increased in the liver of patients with chronic active hepatis (P less than 0.01). In this condition lymphocytes with Fc receptor were also found.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Intestinal bacterial flora in normal adults].

In this preliminary study we have examined 12 healthy men aged between 20-60 years, by three specimens each. All the isolated could be assigned to genera by biochemical tests and gas-liquid chromatography. The results showed a 10(8)/g concentration of aerobe bacteria in faeces and a 10(10)/g concentration of anaerobe non sporing bacteria. The results of the count of Clostridia showed a variability among the examined individuals. The predominant groups of aerobes in the faeces were found to be E. coli and S. faecalis spp. and the predominant group of non sporing anaerobes were Bacteroides and Bificobacteria. These results were similar to the data obtained from foreign AA., showing the predominance of anaerobes in the faeces and particularly of Bacteroides.

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1979

[Methods for collection, transport and culture media].

A crucial factor affecting the ultimate success of anaerobic cultures is a proper specimen collection, with care to avoid inclusion of normal flora often present on human mucosa. In general, material for anaerobic cultures is best obtained using a needle and syringe, from which the air must be expelled. Then the specimens should be placed immediately into an anaerobic transport broth and then in suitable culture pre-reduced media.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1979

[Technics for isolation, incubation and preliminary identification tests].

In this report the AA. emphasize the fact that anaerobes are mostly isolated from mixed cultures in which several bacteria are present. Therefore they suggest to grow all the bacteria under the best conditions and consequently to select the anaerobes from the aerobes. Furthermore they describe the selecting techniques used at Istituto Superiore di Sanità and Clinica Medica III, to attain this aim and enumerate the best methods used for anaerobic incubation.

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1979

[A definitive identification method: gas-liquid chromatography].

The definitive identification of many anaerobes requires the use of gas-liquid chromatography to detect alcohol and volatile acids end-products of their metabolism. In this study we have used the gas-liquid chromatography for the identification of 360 non sporing anaerobes isolated from faeces of healthy individuals. These analyses were performed on a Variant-Aerograph mod. 2700 gas chromatography fitted with a column without phosphoric acid. The results showed a good percentage of typing (83%).

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1977

[The diffusion of salmonellae. Study of a homogeneous sample of 1257 children under 3 years of age in day-nurseries of Rome].

With a view to examining the importance of healthy carriers in the diffusion of salmonellas, 1257 faeces cultures were examined in a homogeneous population sample, well distributed in the area and considered healthy. The research was carried out between 5th March and 16th June 1975. 5 pathogenic germs were isolated: 2 S. London, 1 S. Wien, 1 S. Blokey and 1 Shigella. The S. Wien proved resistant to several antibiotics. Discussing the technical and epidemiological aspects of this investigation, particularly in relation to the recent epidemic of S. Wien and to the increasing isolation of germs which present polychemoantiobioticoresistance, the importance of the health carrier is stressed along with the need to obtain an antibiogram before therapy to help eliminate germs resistance to several antibiodics.

Age Factors↗