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Biomedical subjects

G Pavesi

Publications and source records attributed to G Pavesi.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Deficits in attention and movement following the removal of postarcuate (area 6) and prearcuate (area 8) cortex in macaque monkeys.

The effect of unilateral surgical ablations of the postarcuate cortex (area 6) has been studied in the macaque monkey (Macaca irus). Two series of neurological deficits were found: (1) a failure to grasp food with the mouth when presented contralaterally to the lesion and a reluctance to use the contralateral hand; (2) a severe hemi-inattention. This was present in both the somatosensory and visual modalities but, in the latter, was limited to the peripersonal space. Both motor and attentional deficits improved with time. However, when the symptomatology was stabilized, the animals tended to use the ipsilateral hand and, when presented with two stimuli, preferred that ipsilateral to the lesion. Control experiments in which area 8 (frontal eye fields) was ablated unilaterally showed a decrease of eye movements contralateral to the lesion and a neglect of the contralateral hemispace. No somatosensory deficits were found. The visual neglect was more prominent for 'far' space than for that near the animal. The role of area 6 in organizing motor acts and the strict relation between the type of motor deficit and the type of neglect are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Unilateral lesions of the periarcuate cortex in the monkey].

Subpial unilateral ablations of the postarcuate cortex (area 6) were performed in four macaque monkeys. After the operation the animals showed a tactile contralateral neglect and a visual neglect for stimuli presented in the space immediately around the contralateral hemiface, they tended to use the hand ipsilateral to the lesion and their mouth and face movements in response to contralateral stimuli were disorganized. No primary motor deficits were described. With time there was a marked recovery of the symptomatology, but the preference for using the ipsilateral hand and extinction of the contralateral stimuli were present until the animals' death. The deficits after the postarcuate cortex are discussed with reference to previous electrophysiological data.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The spastic pelvic floor syndrome: its diagnosis and treatment].

The spastic pelvic floor syndrome, caused by a paradox contraction of the sphincteric apparatus at defaecation instead of relaxing, leads to constipation with difficult evacuation. Forty patients (15 males and 25 females, average age 49 years, age range 15-78) affected by serious chronic idiopathic constipation, underwent, at our Institute, from June 1989 to September 1990, the following instrumental examinations: anal manometry; electromyography of the pelvic floor; proctogram; intestinal transit time; anorectal endoscopy; in addition, in 6 cases at risk for colorectal cancer, left colonoscopy. Fifteen patients showed dyskinetic functioning of the voluntary sphincteric apparatus. The following diagnostic methods proved to be of fundamental importance: proctogram, which revealed failure to open of the anorectal angle at defaecation (mean values: at rest 88.93 degrees +/- 6.62; at defaecation 88.93 degrees +/- 9.44); electromyography of the pelvic floor, which showed the anomalous contraction of the external anal sphincter. These patients were treated by means of an air inflated endoampullary balloon to evoke the sensation of a stool and its subsequent expulsion. The correct evacuating function was resumed definitely in 9 patients (60%); for the remaining 6 patients, regular sessions of re-education are still necessary. The spastic pelvic floor syndrome is a major cause of constipation and requires an accurate diagnostic method of investigating the correct functioning of the recto-pelvic region by means of the above-mentioned methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Variation of the judgment of the fitness to specific work in a cohort study in construction industry].

This work shows the results of a study about variation of the judgement of the fitness to specific work in the construction industry in a year. In the 8.6% of the cases, after a year from the previous examination, it was necessary to express new limitations to the job activity mainly because of the presence of illness of the musculoskeletal or cardiovascular system. Considering only workers aged over 35 years, the percentage of variation after a year grows to 12.3%.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[First aid training in collaboration with CPT and CPTA of Bergamo].

In this work it's briefly described the experience in planning and realizing of first aid at work courses for workers of the building trade, realized by the UOOML in collaboration with CPT and CPTA of Bergamo. In particular this is a report of the activity of planning and realization of courses in the months from February till September 2004.

First Aid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of the efficiency of the first aid course among construction companies in the Province of Bergamo].

The aim of this project is to value, through a specific questionnaire, the effectiveness and utility of the professional training among the construction workers responsible of the First Aid. 48 construction firms, in Province of Bergamo, were examined and 100 first aid responsible were tested through to the questionnaire. The 21% of the subjects performed a practical first aid intervention. The 84% considers the professional training courses to be globally satisfactory, and one third underlines the necessity of an annual refresher course. This study tends to confirm the validity of this program of professional training, particularly in the construction trade, that is characterized by a high accidents rate.

Educational Measurement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of periodic health surveillance of construction workers visited at the CPT of Bergamo].

The aim of this work is to expose the results obtained with the application of a model about efficacy in occupational medicine proposed by ALMLII. In particular we discuss the validity of some indicators of efficacy used in a large group of construction workers during health surveillance, in order to verify effectiveness and appropriateness of an occupational medicine service, as a part of the whole prevention and safety system.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient traumatic reticular myoclonus. Case report.

Reticular myoclonus in man is a rare manifestation, generally due to uremia or post-hypoxic conditions. The case of a patient who showed transient myoclonus of sternocleidomastoid and facial muscles, immediately after direct cervical trauma, is described. Absence of paroxysmal EEG activity, topographic distribution of jerks and sequence of muscle activation suggest a reticular myoclonus. Possible physiopathological mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polyneuropathy in Sjögren's syndrome. A case of prevalently autonomic neuropathy with tonic pupil and hypohidrosis.

A 38-year-old woman suffering from primary Sjögren's syndrome displayed a neurologic picture consisting of left tonic pupil, generalized tendon areflexia and left-sided hypohidrosis. Electrophysiological and pathological studies suggested a mild degree of peripheral nerve involvement. Moderate loss of large myelinated fibres and obliteration of small endoneurial vessels were seen in the sural nerve biopsy. Sympathetic skin response was absent and alterations of unmyelinated nerve fibres were found. A prevalently autonomic neuropathy with tonic pupils may represent a characteristic picture in the spectrum of peripheral nerve involvement in Sjögren's syndrome. Other similar cases reported in the literature are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial seizures and migraine.

Epilepsy and migraine, despite some common features, have quite different pathophysiological mechanisms. Studies carried out on large population samples have shown that the relationships between migraine and epilepsy may be of the following type: associated attacks, with migraine and seizures occurring quite independently of one another; combined attacks, with the two types of attacks succeeding one another in time; basilar artery migraine with seizures and marked EEG abnormalities; benign epilepsies with occipital discharges, migraine and intercalated seizures. We report four cases of particular interest.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome in Graves' disease.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may be associated with endocrinopathies, such as hypothyroidism and acromegaly. A direct relationship between CTS and hyperthyroidism has recently been suggested. We now report a case in which bilateral CTS developed after treatment of Graves' disease, thus, questioning the possibility of a relationship between these two disease processes.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Churg-Strauss syndrome. Personal caseload and review of the literature].

Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a disease characterised by hypereosinophilia and systemic vasculitis occurring in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis. In the course of CSS three phases may be distinguished. The prodromal phase, which may persist for many years, consists of allergic disease. The second phase is characterised by peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophilic tissue infiltrates that produce a clinical picture diagnosed as Loeffler's syndrome, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia or eosinophilic gastroenteritis. The third phase is dominated by systemic vasculitis in which skin, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and peripheral nervous system are frequently involved. Renal disease in CSS is less common and generally less severe than that classical polyarteritis nodosa and Wegener's granulomatosis. Genitourinary tract may be involved, too. In the postvaculitic phase, allergic rhinitis and asthma usually persist and clinical picture is characterised by the consequences of the vasculitic illness, most commonly in form of neuropathy and hypertension. The pathogenesis of CSS is unknown but its association with asthma and allergic rhinitis may indicate an abnormal immune reactivity. The recently reported association with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with antimyeloperoxidase specificity may suggest a their role in the pathogenesis of the disease. An important role may be played by eosinophils, too. The main therapy is that with corticosteroids, possibly in association with immunosuppressive drugs.

Adult↗