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Biomedical subjects

G Plomteux

Publications and source records attributed to G Plomteux.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Tamoxifen in the treatment of breast cancer].

Tamoxifen is the most often prescribed non steroidal antioestrogenic agent in the world for breast cancer. Worldwide collaboration. has centralized the results, of different trials throughout the world on oral adjuvant therapy in the early stages of breast cancer. A significative regression of the tumour was observed in most cases. Moreover, recent epidemiological studies suggest that tamoxifen could prevent new contralateral primary tumours. The risk of the disease should thus be reduced by the prophylactic use of antioestrogens such as tamoxifen. Investigations using a variety of models have evaluated the effect of tamoxifen on tumour promotion and cell growth. Tamoxifen-induced growth inhibition is associated with major changes in biochemical events in cultured human breast cancer cells including cell proliferation or growth factor production. Growth inhibition of oestrogen-responsive human breast cancer cells is associated with an induced secretion of autoinhibitory polypeptides (TGF beta) and an antagonistic effect on the synthesis of proliferative proteins (TGF alpha,...). The first step in the mechanism of action of the drug is binding of tamoxifen to the oestrogen receptors. Development of resistance to tamoxifen treatment is a great problem in treatment of breast cancer patients and the mechanism of resistance will require further study: under the influence of the drug, tumours could become remodelled as selected subpopulations emerge resistant-tamoxifen. The fact that some breast cancers which are oestrogen receptor-negative respond to antioestrogen suggests that parallel but separate pathways for oestrogen and antioestrogen action may exist. This paper summarizes the results of the most recent studies concerning this promising drug.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Multicenter study of sialic acid deficient transferrin determined by two chromatographic techniques].

Serum carbohydrate-deficient-transferrin (CDT) was measured by a micro anion-exchange chromatography/enzyme immunoassay. Results obtained on 245 sera analyzed in four laboratories were compared. Moreover, one laboratory used a commercial kit with ready-to-use microcolumns and a radioimmunoassay for measuring eluted CDT. Imprecision was judged to be satisfactory. Within-assay coefficients of variation ranged from 5 to 10%, between-assay coefficients of variation ranged from 9 to 18%. Between-laboratory results were compared for 110 sera from control subjects (daily alcohol intake < 40 g), for 57 sera from chronic ethylic subjects and for 78 sera from patients suffering from non-alcoholic liver diseases. There was a large between-laboratory variation, suggesting that the method is difficult to standardize and that results are not transferable. Results of enzyme and radioimmunoassays were compared on 325 sera. The best correlation was obtained in the groups of ethylic subjects and those with non-alcoholic hepatic diseases. Finally the performance of the CDT-test was evaluated by calculating sensitivity and specificity. With both methods specificity was very high (> 85%) but sensitivity was poor (< 50%).

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1992

Modification of the selected method for the determination of serum iron. Substitution of bathophenanthroline by ferene S.

The previously selected method (1977) for the measurement of iron in human serum has been modified by the working group on Iron and Iron-Transport Proteins (Sociéte Française de Biologie Clinique). Ferene S is used as the chromogen, it is more sensitive and cheaper than bathophenanthroline. The sample size has been reduced from 2 to 0.5 ml. No interference could be shown with high concentrations of bilirubin, copper or hemoglobin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Reference values of erythrocyte ferritin in children and adults].

The erythrocyte ferritin content was measured in 183 healthy subjects in age from 4 to 68 years; 80 were male and 103 were female. In children between the ages of 4 and 12 years there is no significant difference in the mean value between boys and girls. In females the erythrocyte ferritin concentration is independent of age. After 12 years of age the erythrocyte ferritin content is higher in men. Reference intervals were determined by the two quantiles 0.05 and 0.95. The reference interval is 3-24 age by cell in boys between 4 and 12 and females between 4 and 63; the reference interval is 5-38 age by cell in males between 13 and 68 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Is phosphodiesterase inhibition a new mechanism of antidepressant action? A double blind double-dummy study between rolipram and desipramine in hospitalized major and/or endogenous depressives.

Unlike conventional antidepressants, rolipram (a new approach in the treatment of depression) stimulates both the presynaptic and the postsynaptic component of monoaminergic transmission. Several double blind trials are under way to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of this compound. The present study was a randomized, 4-week interindividual double blind double-dummy comparison with desipramine in inpatients with major (DSM-III) and/or endogenous (ICD-9) depressions. After a minimum washout period of three days the patients received either 0.50 mg rolipram or 25 mg desipramine orally t.i.d. for the first three days, then 0.75 mg rolipram or 50 mg desipramine t.i.d. until day 28. Rating tests were based principally on the AMDP-system and the HAMD scale. The study showed no differences between the two drugs as regards the efficacy, but a definite trend in favour of rolipram as regards the side effects and, in particular, anticholinergic effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Postprandial variations of several biological blood tests].

One generally concede that a blood test must be taken on an empty stomach, to abstain from the influence of food on the serum concentration of the different parameters evaluated. To confirm that, the authors have studied, on 22 subjects in good health and from 20 to 25 years old, the postprandial variations of the serum parameters the most required in their laboratory. Some blood tests executed at different moments after the ingestion of a standardized meal prove that some meaningful variations exist. So, it seems evident that the blood tests have to be taken on an empty stomach, and early in the morning.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The coefficient of saturation of iron in transferrin].

Theoretical iron fixation capacity of transferrin (FCT) can be calculated on its immunochemical titration: (FCT (mumol/l = transferrin (g/l) x 25). Today, its reckoning is more advisable to serum total iron binding capacity measurement. The authors studied the effects of this new proceeding upon usual values interval of transferrin saturation (i.e. serum iron/FCT ratio). The mean value and the distribution of transferrin saturation appear displaced with regard to those achieved by chemical measurement of serum total iron binding capacity. We discuss interpretation of transferrin saturation related to its methods of determination and its semiological interest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Reference values of serum transferrin in newborn infants, children and adults].

The authors have studied the evolution of serum transferrin concentration in relation with age (newborn child, infant, adult). The mean concentration of serum transferrin is the lowest for neonates (2.15 g/l). At 10 months, it increases to reach a value of about 3.10 g/l then reduces at 24 (3.0 g/l) and 48 months (2.8 g/l). By the 4 to 18 years subjects, serum transferrin is approaching that of 10 months children (3.15 g/l). At last it doesn't support any modification during all the adult life. The diversity of the obtained results dependent of the used technique and/or of the laboratory, justifies that each one defines his own reference values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Attempt to adapt measurement of serum iron levels to the Centrifichem with a direct method using bathophenanthroline sulfonate-guanidine. Value and limits].

The authors have studied a direct automated colorimetric determination of iron serum on Centrifichem. Accuracy and linearity are the same than these obtained by the SFBC recommended method. Precision is poor: the coefficient of variation is about 15% for low values. No alteration in the absorbance is recognized by bilirubin, even in the serum which contains 342 mumol.l-1 of bilirubin. The value of serum iron increases significantly as hemoglobin and copper are added to the serum.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1985

[Biochemical characterization of a high-molecular weight alkaline phosphatase in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma (alpha-1 alkaline phosphatase)].

The authors analysed the alkaline phosphatases present in the serum of a patient with cholangiocarcinoma. The electrophoretic analysis on cellulose acetate revealed two bands of AP activity in positions alpha 1 and alpha 2. The more anodic of the isoenzymes of AP presented most of the features of the high molecular weight isoenzyme found in human bile, except that it was non-competitively inhibited by L-homoarginine. This feature, which distinguishes this isoenzyme form the biliary isoenzyme of AP, indicates the existence of another type of high molecular weight isoenzyme present in malignant hepatic diseases.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of acute effects of 1.25- and 24.25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 in normal subjects.

Effects of small iv doses of 1.25-dihydroxy- and 24.25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (a microgram) were studied in 10 normal subjects. Injection of 1.25 (OH)2D3 was associated with small but significant increases in plasma calcium and phosphate but plasma levels of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and calcitonin (iCT) did not change. The administration of 24.25 (OH)2D3 was associated with comparable decreases in plasma calcium and a small and transient decrease in plasma iPTH. Plasma levels of iCT did not change. 24.25 (OH)2D3 also significantly increased glomerular filtration rate and decreased the urinary excretion of noradrenaline, in contrast to 1.25 (OH)2D3 which had no effect on these variables. The rapid infusion of calcium significantly decreased levels of iPTH. We conclude that small doses of 1.25 (OH)2D3 and 24.25 (OH)2D3 have little, if any, direct effect on the secretion of PTH and CT in man.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1981

[Radioimmunoassay for type II amino-terminal procollagen peptide. Technical note].

We have studied the immunoreactivity of human sera and synovial fluids in a radioimmunoassay which utilizes an anti-bovine procollagen type III antiserum and the bovine type III procollagen peptide as standard and tracer. We have noticed a complete cross reaction between bovine col 1-3 and human synovial fluid, which thus contains substance (s) having the same antigenic determinant (s) as col 1-3. On the contrary, we have demonstrated non parallelism between col 1-3 and human serum, whether the serum was obtained from normal subjects or patients suffering from various diseases. These results suggest that immunoreactive substances related to col 1-3 and detected in sera are at least partially different from those detected in synovial fluids.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Multivariate analysis of an enzymic profile for the differential diagnosis of viral hepatitis.

Differential diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis, persistent chronic hepatitis, aggressive chronic hepatitis, and post-necrotic cirrhosis can reasonably be achieved on the basis of three well-known liver-function tests: aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. With use of principal-component analysis, these four liver diseases can be characterized by two criteria: a "cytolytic" criterion, correlated particularly with a membrane-permeability test--namely, alanine aminotransferase activity--and a "mitochondrial damage" criterion, which is associated with above-normal ornithine carbamyltransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities.

Alanine Transaminase↗