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Biomedical subjects

G Pozza

Publications and source records attributed to G Pozza.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Comparison between multi-injection and continuous subcutaneous insulin therapy in insulin-dependent diabetic inpatients.

Circadian blood glucose profiles have been evaluated in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic inpatients on their usual home insulin therapy, on a 3-injection regimen (ultralente in the morning plus 3 injections of regular insulin at meals), on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion by portable micropumps (Mill Hill 1001) and, again, on a 3-injection regimen at the same insulin dose as during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. The 3-injection regimen achieved a mean daily blood glucose level comparable to that obtained by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, even if significantly more insulin was needed. At comparable insulin doses, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion provided a significantly lower mean daily blood glucose. Glycemic control at 0600 and 0800 was better during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Low acceptance by the patients of the home use of portable micropumps was evidenced because of the practical and psychological problems involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The effect of histamine and H1 and H2 receptors on prolactin and luteinizing hormone release in humans: sex differences and the role of stress.

The present experiments were performed to investigate the possible role of histamine and its receptors, H1 and H2, in the control of PRL and LH release in normal adult humans of both sexes. Histamine infusion (200 microgram, iv, in 15 min) induced PRL and LH release in men; in women, histamine inhibited LH release without affecting PRL release. Two H1 antagonists, dexchlorpheniramine (10 mg, iv) and promethazine (50 mg, im), reduced PRL release in both sexes, stimulated LH release in men, and inhibited LH release in women. Cimetidine, an H2 antagonist (400 mg, iv), elicited PRL release in both sexes, more consistently in females than in males, and was without effect on LH release in either sex. These data suggest that in humans, the effect of histamine on PRL release is linked to H1 and H2 receptors, which respectively stimulate and inhibit PRL release independently of sex. The effect of histamine on LH release appears to depend on sex and to be mediated only by H1 receptors. To rule out the possibility that the effects of histamine are merely due to a nonspecific stress reaction, we have evaluated PRL and LH release in otherwise normal men and women undergoing surgery for gallstones. Surgery was accompanied by PRL release in both sexes, more evident in women, and by LH release only in men. These results indicate that the effect of histamine on PRL and LH release in humans is linked to sex and H1 and H2 receptors and is not due to stress; further studies are required to clarify the possible mechanism and site of action of histamine in modifying PRL and LH release in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Study on relationship between erythrocyte filtration and other risk factors in diabetic angiopathy.

Red blood cell filtration test has been performed in 37 insulin dependent diabetics (IDD) and 35 controls matched for age and sex and subdivided into age groups. IDD have been classified according to the presence of vascular complications, either affecting small and/or large vessels, assessed by clinical and instrumental methods. Results evidence a close correlation between age, fibrinogen, smoking and filtration index, both in IDD and in controls. The presence and type of vascular complication in diabetics parallels the increase in the filtration index, being the blood of macroangiopathic diabetics less filtrable than that of non angiopathics and/or controls. Metabolic control, recorded as glycosylated haemoglobin shows a slight correlation with filtration index, while blood glucose of the same specimen does not. Filtration index appears to be an useful datum for assessing angiopathic risk in diabetics. Nineteen IDD have been treated with pentoxifylline, 400 mg per os 3 times daily for 20 days and filtration time, and other metabolic variables have been assessed. Data evidenced a marked improvement in the filtration time without any change in the other metabolic variables suggesting that the effect of this drug is mainly exerted on the RBC deformability and not on plasma viscosity. The drug has been very well tolerated and revealed itself an effective therapeutic mean for influencing RBC filtration, thus preventing angiopathic phenomena.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1981

Erythrocyte filtration.

The importance of erythrocyte deformability and its determinants in the microcirculation of normal subjects have been reviewed, whilst the method for measuring the erythrocyte filtration by means of nucleopore membranes has been described. Some determinants affecting the filtration rate have been investigated and reported.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1980

Interaction of dopaminergic and antiserotoninergic drugs in the control of prolactin and LH release in normal women.

Prolactin (Prl) release, both in the experimental animal and in man, is stimulated by serotonin (5HT) and inhibited by dopamine (DA). Data also suggest that LH release in the animal is stimulated by norepinephrine and inhibited by DA. The role of 5HT in the control of LH release is less clear. It would appear to stimulate episodic LH release and to inhibit the LH surge at the pro-oestrus in animals, but the effect of 5HT on LH release has not yet been evaluated in man. In the present paper we have studied the effect of various DA-ergic drugs (DA, iv l-dopa, po l-dopa and bromoergocriptine) and of two anti-5HT drugs, metergoline and methysergide, on Prl and LH release in normal women. DA-ergic drugs lowered plasma Prl and LH levels; anti-5HT drugs, at doses able to lower Prl levels, did not affect basal LH release nor the inhibiting effect of iv l-dopa on LH release. These data indicate that DA inhibits both LH and Prl release in normal women, and that 5HT stimulates Prl release but is not involved in the regulation of LH secretion. The fact that, at variance to all the DA-ergic drugs used, the two anti-5HT drugs did not vary LH release, suggests that metergoline and methysergide are devoid of DA-ergic activity in man, at least at the doses able to inhibit Prl release.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Study on the reproducibility of human prolactin response to sulpiride, benserazide, insulin hypoglycaemia and arginine infusion.

In order to evaluate the spontaneous variability of prolactin (PRL) release in response to various stimuli applied repeatedly on different occasions, groups of 5 to 12 subjects each underwent consecutive identical tests with one of the following stimuli applied at 3-6 days' intervals: sulpiride (100 mg im), benserazide (50 mg po), insulin hypoglycaemia (0.1 U/kg b. w. iv) and arginine infusion (25 g iv in 30 min). When repeated in the same subjects, arginine and benserazide yielded superimposable results. In contrast to this, insulin hypoglycaemia yielded significantly lower PRL release, while the PRL response to the second sulpiride test was significantly higher than to the first one. When an interval of 10 days was left between two consecutive sulpiride tests, an identical PRL release was observed. These results indicate that arginine and benserazide are reproducible tests for PRL secretion and it is possible that the decreasing effect of insulin hypoglycaemia on PRL release is due to the stressful effect of the stimulus. Finally, sulpiride probably enhances both PRL release and synthesis thus making greater amounts of PRL available to a subsequent stimulus. Since some of the above stimuli are usual tools for the study of the neuroendocrine control of PRL secretion, our findings suggest that caution appears necessary in attributing to any (neuroactive) drug an effect which might be merely due to a lack of reproducibility of the stimulus employed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Histamine stimulates prolactin release in norman men.

Histamine stimulates prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) release in the experimental animal. In order to evaluate the possible effect of histamine on these hormones in man, in our study, 9 normal volunteers underwent an intravenous histamine infusion (200 microgram in 15 min). Five of them also underwent an intravenous histidine infusion (200 microgram). Histamine induced a significant PRL release in 7 subjects, the maximum level reached being 36.2 +/- 12.09 ng/ml, while GH levels were not affected. Histidine was ineffective on both PRL and GH levels. It is known that histamine, administered peripherally, does not cross the blood brain barrier. This fact suggests that, in man, histamine stimulates PRL release by acting directly on the pituitary. In addition, since stressful situations may elicit both PRL and GH release, the fact that the latter was not affected by histamine, suggests that a mere stress-effect is not responsible for the PRL release observed in our subjects.

Adult↗