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Biomedical subjects

G R Daicoff

Publications and source records attributed to G R Daicoff.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Intraoperative Doppler coronary artery finder.

Time-consuming difficulty is occasionally encountered in finding coronary arteries or previously placed vascular grafts during coronary revascularization procedures. A catheter-tipped, continuous-wave Doppler ultrasonic probe with simple audio output has been shown to be capable of expediting the search for these vessels.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1977

Post-traumatic intracardiac shunts. Report of two cases and review of the literature.

Intracardiac shunts consequent to penetrating thoracic injury have been reported in 94 patients. Two additional cases are reported emphasizing the frequently complex anatomic abnormalities, the variability in clinical course, and the favorable outcome of repair. From a review of the literature, it is apparent that most such lesions should be corrected, since patients are at a continual risk of symptomatic cardiac dysfunction and repair offers an excellent prognosis with minimal morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Palliative treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus.

In a ten-year period 139 patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus were treated by palliative feeding procedures, palliative radiation therapy, radiation therapy for cure, or resection. Analysis of the results of these modes of therapy indicates that long-term palliation is best achieved when resection is the primary method of therapy. Radiation therapy improved survival in the first 12 months of disease; however, no patients treated with radiation therapy alone were cured. In five cases resection resulted in apparent cure. For this reason we suggest that resection for palliation is indicated, and in an occasional patient it will result in a cure.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1976

Chylopericardium with cardiac tamponade after cardiovascular surgery in two patients.

Two patients developed postoperative chylopericardium leading to acute cardiac tamponade. Delayed diagnosis and urgent throacotomy did not prevent death in three-month-old patient after the Glenn anastomosis of the superior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery, whereas early recognition of chylopericardium following repair of an interrupted aortic arch in an 11-week-old patient was successfully treated by tube pericardiostomy. The literature is reviewed, and an anatomic predisposition for post-surgical chylopericardium is proposed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Tag-along pacemaker.

In a R-wave-inhibited pulse generator, an increased interval between pacing artifacts giving an apparently slow rate was not indicative of impending battery failure in two patients. The pacing artifacts appeared as a tag-along phenomenon following a slow idioventricular rhythm as the result of an exit block due to (1) hyperkalemia and (2) perielectrode fibrosis. Simple tests demonstrated a normally functioning R-wave sensing circuit and pacemaker.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Changes in arterial pressure, viscosity and resistance during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Large changes in arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance are frequently observed at the onset of and during cardiopulmonary bypass, particularly when hemodilution is employed. In order to assess the extent to which these changes are induced by changes in blood viscosity, we measured viscosity, pressure, and flow in a series of 17 patients. Hemodilution was used in Group A (12 patients) but not in Group B (5 patients). At the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass, the arteriovenous pressure difference decreased an average of 53.8 per cent in the Group A patients, concomitant with a 41.7 per cent decrease in blood viscosity. The arteriovenous pressure difference in the Group B patients increased an average of 6.4 per cent, while the blood viscosity increased by 8 per cent. A nomogram was theoretically derived for the Group A patients, which allows rapid estimation of the extent of viscosity-induced hypotension for a given volume of priming fluid, initial patient hematocrit, and patient weight. After correction for viscosity changes due to hemodilution, the Group A patients were found to exhibit essentially normal values of systemic vascular resistance at the start of bypass, with a mean of 1,155 dynes-sec./cm.5. On the other hand, the Group B patients had elevated resistance values, with a mean of 1,611 dynes-sec./cm.5. During perfusion, the resistance of both groups tended to increase, sometimes by 100 per cent or more. In some cases, however, the resistance values changed in an erratic fashion. These effects were not due to changes in blood viscosity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of hemodilution on hypotention during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and viscosity measurements were made on 20 patients, during cardiopulmonary bypass with hemodilution to an average hematocrit reduction of 48 plus or minus 12 percent. The arterial pressure and blood viscosity decreased an average of 56 plus or minus 16 percent and 40 plus or minus 12 percent, respectively. The total peripheral resistance following the start of bypass was significantly below normal (p smaller than 0.005), but not when corrected for the change in viscosity. There was a strong correlation between the extent of pressure reduction and the viscosity decrease with hemodilution (p smaller than 0.01), although not all the changes in pressure could be accounted for in terms of viscosity. There was no apparent correlation between the extent of hypotension as measured by the area of the pressure-time curve below 50 mm. Hg and the presence or absence of postoperative cerebral or cardiac complications, in contrast to other recent reports.

Adolescent↗