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Biomedical subjects

G Santoni

Publications and source records attributed to G Santoni.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo cadmium treatment alters natural killer activity and large granular lymphocyte number in the rat.

The effects of oral exposure for nearly 6 months to Cd (200 or 400 ppm) on rat natural killer (NK) activity were investigated. No significant differences in body and thymus weights were observed. Peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) number was consistently higher in treated rats throughout the treatment; the number of spleen cells decreased during the first 50 days, and then reached a level higher than in controls. NK activity, evaluated in a 4-h chromium release assay against YAC-1 target cells, was altered in treated rats: lower up to day 30, and then higher. In parallel, a reduction of the large granular lymphocytes (LGL) was found initially in the peripheral blood of Cd-treated rats, followed by a persistent marked increase. These changes were closely correlated with the altered distribution of CD8+ aGM1+ CD5- cells, which mostly consist of NK cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis revealed a decrease of cell subset with a typical NK phenotype during the first 30 days of treatment and a clear increase thereafter. Post-exposure observations indicated that all these effects disappeared with a return to control values 2 months after cessation of treatment. These findings suggest that in vivo administration of Cd induces both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on rat NK cell number and cytotoxic activity, depending on time of exposure.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cadmium inhibits spontaneous (NK), antibody-mediated (ADCC) and IL-2-stimulated cytotoxic functions of natural killer cells.

Cadmium (Cd2+), an environmental contaminant, has been shown to inhibit, even if not totally, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of human peripheral blood lymphocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The presence of Cd2+ during the early period of the cytotoxic assay was needed to obtain maximal inhibition. Preincubation of either effector or target cells with Cd did not result in any inhibitory effect. Cd2+ also inhibited the cytotoxic activities of effector cells prestimulated with IL-2 for 18 h or 4 days, which mostly consist of NK cells. Our results indicate that Cd2+ did not block effector-target conjugate formation, but rather interfered with the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides, as shown by the decrease of inositol trisphosphate (IP3), which is known to release stored Ca2+.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The treatment of congenital obstructions of the lacrimal passages (author's transl)].

The Authors describe their method of treatment of congenital dacryocystitis. Up to 3-4 months of age the treatment consists in the use of antibiotic eye drops and message of the lacrimal sack. After this age and up to 8 months of age irrigation of the lacrimal passages is carried out. If this is unsuccessful or if the children are older a probing is performed. The Authors report the results of the probing in a series of 118 children (146 eyes). The best results are obtained when the probing is effectuated before 8 months of age. After this age the success decreases with the increase in age of the young children. There is no apprecciable difference between the unilateral and bilateral cases.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modulation of the effects of the hyperthermic treatment by N-methylformamide on a human melanoma cell line.

The modulatory activity of the polar solvent N-methylformamide (NMF) on the effects of hyperhermic treatment was investigated on a human melanoma cell line (M14). Cells treated with NMF alone (1% for 20 h), hyperthermia (Hyp) alone (42.5 degrees C for 2 h) and with the two different sequences of treatment (NMF-->Hyp and Hyp-->NMF) were analysed by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Moreover, their clonogenic efficiency and adherence properties were assessed. The results obtained can be summarized as follows. (a) The sequence Hyp-->NMF appeared to be more cytotoxic than the reverse sequence or NMF and Hyp given alone. (b) Heat induced cell swelling and detachment from the substrate. The pretreatment with the polar solvent was capable of preventing such alterations. (c) Fluorescence microscopy revealed remarkable changes induced by hyperthermia on actin network, vimentin distribution and vinculin expression. NMF administration proved to be capable of modulating these changes. In particular, the actin and vimentin networks showed a quite normal arrangement in NMF-->Hyp treated cells and very altered patterns in cells treated with the reverse sequence. Concerning the effects on the adhesion plaques, revealed by vinculin labeling, a considerable increase in the expression of these structures was observed after NMF treatment. (d) A remarkable increase of the attachment to collagen I and laminin molecules was revealed in NMF treated cells, whereas heat exposure reduced the number of adherent cells. Considered all together, the results obtained indicate that the administration of NMF after hyperthermia enhances the cytotoxic effect and modifies cell adherence properties, responsible for dissemination and metastasis.

Antineoplastic Agents↗