The effect of different levels of fluid intake on the renal concentration test was evaluated. Maximal urinary osmolality did not significantly differ whether strict fluid restriction was kept or not. One side effect, namely headache, seemed more frequent after fluid deprivation than after a more liberal fluid intake. We suggest a practical approach to the performance of the urinary concentration test with DDAVP. The maximal urinary concentration after a single subcutaneous injection of 4 micrograms DDAVP was determined in 212 healthy adults aged 20 to 80 years. A significant decline with age was found in maximum urinary concentration, mean values ranging from 982 mOsm/kg at 20 years to 823 mOsm/kg at 80 years. References are given for different ages which render the test useful in adult patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Partial nephrectomy and chronic renal failure: the 'adult' rat model.

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Amino Acids↗

PubMed1988

Management of pregnant women with contagious infections at delivery.

Since 1970 pregnant women with contagious infections in the country of Stockholm have been delivered at the Danderyd Hospital, the only hospital in the area which has departments of obstetrics and pediatrics as well as infectious diseases. This paper presents data from a prospective study carried out during a period of 10 years (1975-1984). The study includes 303 women and their newborns who for various reasons were transferred to the Department of Infectious Diseases (DID) before or after delivery. A comprehensive microbiological investigation was made in order to establish an etiological diagnosis in all women included in the study. A possible transmission of the infection from the mother to her fetus/child before or after delivery was also investigated. Only 0.17% of the pregnant women in the area needed care at the DID at delivery or in the puerperal period. 9% of the deliveries occurred at another hospital, 32% at the DID and the remaining at the obstetrical department, Danderyd Hospital. The rate of complications, including cesarean sections, was 12%. Of the 165 women suffering from an infectious disease at the time of delivery, 40% had a verified viral disease--in most cases varicella or mumps, 28% had a bacterial infection and for 32% no etiology of the disease could be established. The study population also includes women suspected either to be incubated with a contagious disease or to be carriers of infectious agents, as well as healthy mothers whose newborns were expected to be carriers of infectious agents such as rubella and varicella. None of the women died during the study period but 5 were seriously ill and 3 needed intensive care. The rate of stillbirths was the same as reported among all births in the country of Stockholm but the perinatal mortality rate was significantly higher (see also a following article, ref. 27). Our routines prove the necessity to take special care of pregnant women carrying a contagious infectious agent at term.

Communicable Disease Control↗

PubMed1988

A longterm follow-up study of children born to women with contagious diseases at delivery.

Data are presented from a long-term follow-up study of 308 live born children to women admitted post partum to the Department of Infectious Diseases (DID), Danderyd Hospital, Sweden, during a 10-year period (1975-1984) for avoiding nosocomial transmission of infections in the obstetrical wards. The rate of stillbirths (1/309 deliveries) was not higher than reported for all births in Stockholm. 20% of the live born children were transferred within 24 h after birth to the pediatric department for observation, but half of them could return to their mothers at the DID within 6 days (generally 3 days). Four newborns were treated at an intensive care unit. Only 3 fatalities occurred, all of them among newborns to mothers with an overt infection at delivery. The fatality rate (1.8%) was significantly higher among the newborns of these mothers than normally (0.3%) noted among all children born in Stockholm county during the period studied. Two of the 3 newborns, who all died within 3 days of life, had a low birth weight (600 and 1,000 g). The total number of newborns with low birth weights (less than 2,500 g) was, however, not higher in the above-mentioned group of newborns than for all children born in Stockholm county 1980. None of the 3 fatalities was caused by infection transmitted from the mother. No further deaths occurred. Infections in pregnancy at term, at birth or post partum were transmitted from the women to 41 (13%) of their newborns.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed1988

Clinical and radiological follow-up of chronic non-obstructive pyelonephritis. A retrospective study covering thirty years.

The outcome of uni- or bilateral chronic pyelonephritis was retrospectively studied in 26 patients. The material consists of all positive intravenous urographies performed at the hospital during three years in the 1950s and the follow-up time was approximately 30 years. Development of uraemia or death owing to renal disease occurred in 15% of the patients. The majority of patients with unilateral pyelonephritic changes showed unchanged scarring during the years, while progressive scarring mainly occurred in younger patients. The development of renal failure was found in patients with extensive bilateral scarring, proteinuria and hypertension.

Adolescent↗